保
See also: 俣
| ||||||||
Contents
Translingual[edit]
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| |||
Han character[edit]
保 (radical 9 人+7, 9 strokes, cangjie input 人口木 (ORD), four-corner 26294, composition ⿰亻呆)
Descendants[edit]
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 105, character 17
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 702
- Dae Jaweon: page 222, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 160, character 4
- Unihan data for U+4FDD
Chinese[edit]
| simp. and trad. |
保 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin[edit]
| Historical forms of the character 保 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu Slip and silk script | Small seal script | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Characters in the same phonetic series (保) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 襃 | *puː, *puː |
| 保 | *puːʔ |
| 堡 | *puːʔ |
| 褓 | *puːʔ |
| 堢 | *puːʔ |
| 緥 | *puːʔ |
| 葆 | *puːʔ |
| 賲 | *puːʔ |
| 宲 | *puːʔ |
| 椺 | *ɦmluːʔ, *ɢʷeːɡs, *ɢeːɡ |
In the oracle script, this character was an ideogrammic compound (會意): 人 (“person”) + 子 (“child”) – a person carrying a child on the back; to carry (a child) > to protect.
In early bronze inscriptions, 爪 (“hand”) was added to the person to emphasize that the person was carrying the child. This was later simplified into one or two strokes. The current form has two.
Pronunciation[edit]
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): bou2
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pó
- Min Dong (BUC): bō̤
- Min Nan
- Wu (Wiktionary): pau (T2)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄠˇ
- Wade-Giles: pao3
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bao
- IPA (key): /pɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: bou2
- Yale: bóu
- Cantonese Pinyin: bou2
- Guangdong Romanization: bou2
- IPA (key): /pou̯³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pó
- Hakka Romanization System: bo`
- Hagfa Pinyim: bo3
- IPA: /po³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: bō̤
- IPA (key): /po³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
Note:
- pó͘ - literary (Quanzhou);
- pó - vernacular (Quanzhou).
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: bao2 / bo2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: páu / pó
- IPA (key): /pau⁵²/, /po⁵²/
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: pau (T2)
- IPA (key): /pɔ³⁴/
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 保 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) |
| Final (韻) | 豪 (89) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 博抱切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/pɑuX/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/pɑuX/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/pɑuX/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/pawX/ |
| Li Rong |
/pɑuX/ |
| Wang Li |
/pɑuX/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/pɑuX/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
bǎo |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 保 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
bǎo |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ pawX › |
| Old Chinese |
/*pˤuʔ/ |
| English | protect |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 保 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 318 |
| Phonetic component |
保 |
| Rime group |
幽 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
寶 |
| Old Chinese |
/*puːʔ/ |
Definitions[edit]
保
- to raise; to rear
- to keep; to maintain
- to protect; to safeguard; to defend
- to ensure; to guarantee
- guarantor
- Short for 保釋／保释 (bǎoshì, “to bail”).
- (historical) bao (a unit of the ancient administrative system, consisting of some 100 households)
Compounds[edit]
Derived terms from 保
|
|
|
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
保
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Readings[edit]
- Goon: ほう (hō)
- Kan’on: ほう (hō)
- Kan’yōon: ほ (ho, Jōyō)
- Kun: たもつ (tamotsu, 保つ, Jōyō); やすんじる (yasunjiru, 保んじる)
Compounds[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
保 (hiragana たもつ, rōmaji Tamotsu)
- A male given name
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
保 • (bo) (hangeul 보, revised bo, McCune-Reischauer po)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
References[edit]
Categories:
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han characters from which hiragana were derived
- Han characters from which katakana were derived
- Han ideogrammic compounds
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Min Dong lemmas
- Min Nan lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Hakka verbs
- Min Dong verbs
- Min Nan verbs
- Teochew verbs
- Wu verbs
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Min Dong nouns
- Min Nan nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Wu nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese hanzi
- Chinese Han characters
- Chinese terms with usage examples
- Chinese short forms
- Chinese terms with historical senses
- Elementary Mandarin
- Japanese Han characters
- Grade 5 kanji
- Japanese kanji with kun reading たも-つ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading やす-んじる
- Japanese kanji with kan'yōon reading ほ
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading ほう
- Japanese kanji with goon reading ほう
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese proper nouns
- Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji
- Japanese terms written with one Han script character
- Japanese terms spelled with 保
- Japanese given names
- Japanese male given names
- Korean lemmas
- Korean Han characters
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters
