管
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Translingual[edit]
Han character[edit]
管 (radical 118 竹+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 竹十口口 (HJRR), four-corner 88777, composition ⿱⺮官)
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 889, character 6
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 26162
- Dae Jaweon: page 1316, character 12
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 2986, character 5
- Unihan data for U+7BA1
Chinese[edit]
| simp. and trad. |
管 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin[edit]
| Characters in the same phonetic series (官) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 官 | *koːn |
| 棺 | *koːn, *koːns |
| 倌 | *koːn, *kroːns |
| 悹 | *koːn, *koːnʔ, *koːns |
| 涫 | *koːn, *koːns |
| 管 | *koːnʔ |
| 琯 | *koːnʔ, *kuːns |
| 痯 | *koːnʔ, *koːns |
| 輨 | *koːnʔ |
| 錧 | *koːnʔ, *koːns |
| 館 | *koːnʔ, *koːns |
| 婠 | *koːns, *qoːn, *qruːd |
| 悺 | *koːns |
| 逭 | *ɡoːns |
| 菅 | *kroːn |
| 綰 | *qroːnʔ, *qroːns |
| 捾 | *qoːd |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *koːnʔ): semantic ⺮ (“bamboo”) + phonetic 官 (OC *koːn).
Pronunciation[edit]
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): gun2
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kón
- Min Dong (BUC): guāng / guōng
- Min Nan (POJ): koán / kńg / kúiⁿ / kún / kóng
- Wu (Wiktionary): kuoe (T2)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄢˇ
- Wade-Giles: kuan3
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: goan
- IPA (key): /ku̯a̠n²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing, erhua-ed)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄢˇㄦ
- Wade-Giles: kuanrh3
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: goal
- IPA (key): /kwɑɻ²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: gun2
- Yale: gún
- Cantonese Pinyin: gun2
- Guangdong Romanization: gun2
- IPA (key): /kuːn³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kón
- Hakka Romanization System: gon`
- Hagfa Pinyim: gon3
- IPA: /kon³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: guāng / guōng
- IPA (key): /kuaŋ³³/, /kuoŋ³³/
- (Fuzhou)
Note:
- guāng - literary;
- guōng - vernacular.
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen)
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kúiⁿ
- Tâi-lô: kuínn
- Phofsit Daibuun: kvuie
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kuĩ⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kóng
- Tâi-lô: kóng
- Phofsit Daibuun: korng
- IPA (Taipei): /kɔŋ⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔŋ⁴¹/
Note:
- koán - literary;
- kńg/kúiⁿ/kún - vernacular;
- kóng - 栱 is used in the Mainland.
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: kuoe (T2)
- IPA (key): /kv̩ʷø³⁴/
- (Shanghainese)
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 管 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 桓 (62) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 古滿切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/kuɑnX/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/kʷɑnX/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/kuɑnX/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/kwanX/ |
| Li Rong |
/kuɑnX/ |
| Wang Li |
/kuɑnX/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/kuɑnX/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
guǎn |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 管 | 管 | 管 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
guǎn | guǎn | guǎn |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ kwanX › | ‹ kwanX › | ‹ kwanX › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[k]ˤo[n]ʔ/ | /*kʷˤa[n]ʔ/ | /*kʷˤa[n]ʔ/ |
| English | tube; flute | exhausted, helpless | helpless |
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
|||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 管 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 4440 |
| Phonetic component |
官 |
| Rime group |
元 |
| Rime subdivision |
3 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
管 |
| Old Chinese |
/*koːnʔ/ |
Definitions[edit]
管
- (music) a cylindrical double-reed woodwind instrument made of bamboo or wood
- (music, by extension) any wind instrument
- (by extension) slender tubular hollow object; pipe; tube; duct; canal; valve; fistula
- 吸管 ― xīguǎn ― straw
- † writing brush
- Classifier for tube-shaped objects.
- to administer; to manage; to control; to be in charge
- 管理 ― guǎnlǐ ― to manage
- to subject someone to discipline; to discipline
- to concern oneself with; to interfere with
- to be responsible for the provision of; to provide; to supply; to guarantee
- despite; regardless of; irrespective of
- (colloquial) used in the pattern 管……叫…… (“to call (someone the name of)”), where 管 is followed by the object of the verb
- (dialectal, colloquial) indicates the object of an action: to
- A surname.
Compounds[edit]
Derived terms from 管
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
管
Readings[edit]
- Goon: かん (kan, Jōyō)←くわん (kwan, historical)
- Kan’on: かん (kan, Jōyō)←くわん (kwan, historical)
- Kun: くだ (kuda, 管, Jōyō)
- Nanori: うち (uchi); すが (suga); すげ (suge)
Etymology 1[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 管 |
| かん Grade: 4 |
| on'yomi |
From Middle Chinese 管 (/kuɑnX/ invalid IPA characters (X), “pipe, tube”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
管 (hiragana かん, rōmaji kan, historical hiragana くわん)
Etymology 2[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 管 |
| くだ Grade: 4 |
| kun'yomi |
From Old Japanese 管 (kuda, “pipe, tube”).[2][1][3]
Pronunciation[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
- 莩 (rare)
Noun[edit]
- a pipe or tube, such as that made of bamboo, wood, metal, or rubber
- a shuttle for weaving with a loom (from the way the earliest shuttles were made from bamboo tubes)
- the central axis of a spindle for winding the thread
- short for 管の笛 (kuda no fue), a kind of small pipe or flute used for signalling during a battle, similar to a fife
- an agricultural tool, used to gather up cut rice stalks
- short for 管狐 (kudagitsune), a kind of mythical fox roughly the size of a weasel, that would live in bamboo stalks and make prophesies of the future
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
- ^ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- ^ 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, ISBN 4-09-501211-0
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
管 • (gwan) (hangeul 관, revised gwan, McCune-Reischauer kwan, Yale kwan)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
管 (quản)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
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- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading かん
- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading くわん
- Japanese kanji with goon reading かん
- Japanese kanji with historical goon reading くわん
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading うち
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading すが
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading すげ
- Japanese terms spelled with 管 read as かん
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji
- Japanese terms written with one Han script character
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- Japanese terms spelled with 管 read as くだ
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Korean lemmas
- Korean Han characters
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