保持
Appearance
Chinese
[edit]to defend; to protect; to insure or guarantee to defend; to protect; to insure or guarantee; to maintain; hold or keep; to guard |
to grasp; to hold; support to grasp; to hold; support; manage; direct; maintain | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (保持) | 保 | 持 | |
| simp. #(保持) | 保 | 持 | |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: bǎochí
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄠˇ ㄔˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: bǎochíh
- Wade–Giles: pao3-chʻih2
- Yale: bǎu-chŕ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: baochyr
- Palladius: баочи (baoči)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: bou2 ci4
- Yale: bóu chìh
- Cantonese Pinyin: bou2 tsi4
- Guangdong Romanization: bou2 qi4
- Sinological IPA (key): /pou̯³⁵ t͡sʰiː²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pó-chhṳ̀
- Hakka Romanization System: boˋ ciiˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: bo3 ci2
- Sinological IPA: /po³¹ t͡sʰɨ¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: boˊ chi
- Sinological IPA: /po²⁴⁻³³ t͡ʃʰi⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Kinmen, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pó-chhî
- Tâi-lô: pó-tshî
- Phofsit Daibuun: poychii
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰi¹³/
- Sinological IPA (Kinmen): /po⁵³⁻²⁴ t͡sʰi²⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /po⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sʰi²⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰi²³/
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰi²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pó-tî
- Tâi-lô: pó-tî
- Phofsit Daibuun: poy'dii
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ti¹³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: bo2 ti5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pó thî
- Sinological IPA (key): /po⁵²⁻³⁵ tʰi⁵⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Kinmen, Philippines)
- Wu
Verb
[edit]保持
- to keep; to maintain; to preserve; to remain; to stay; to exercise
- 保持清潔/保持清洁 ― bǎochí qīngjié ― to keep clean
- 保持緘默/保持缄默 ― bǎochí jiānmò ― to remain silent
- 保持安靜/保持安静 ― bǎochí ānjìng ― to keep quiet
- 保持暢通/保持畅通 ― bǎochí chàngtōng ― to keep clear
- 對……保持警惕/对……保持警惕 ― duì...... bǎochí jǐngtì ― to remain vigilant against something
- 保持克制 ― bǎochí kèzhì ― to exercise restraint
- 保持微笑 ― bǎochí wēixiào ― to keep smiling
- 保持持久穩定/保持持久稳定 ― bǎochí chíjiǔ wěndìng ― to maintain lasting stability
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Japanese
[edit]| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 保 | 持 |
| ほ Grade: 5 |
じ Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 保持する
| Plain | 保持する | ほじ・する | [hóꜜjì sùrú] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conjunctive | 保持して | ほじ・して | [hóꜜjì shìté] |
| Perfective | 保持した | ほじ・した | [hóꜜjì shìtá] |
| Negative | 保持しない | ほじ・しない | [hóꜜjì shìnáí] |
| Negative perfective | 保持しなかった | ほじ・しなかった | [hóꜜjì shìnáꜜkàttà] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 保持すれば | ほじ・すれば | [hóꜜjì sùréꜜbà] |
| Past conditional | 保持したら | ほじ・したら | [hóꜜjì shìtáꜜrà] |
| Imperative | 保持しろ 保持せよ |
ほじ・しろ ほじ・せよ |
[hóꜜjì shìró] [hóꜜjì séꜜyò] |
| Volitional | 保持しよう | ほじ・しよー | [hóꜜjì shìyóꜜò] |
| Desiderative | 保持したい | ほじ・したい | [hóꜜjì shìtáí] |
| Formal | 保持します | ほじ・します | [hóꜜjì shìmáꜜsù] |
| Formal negative | 保持しません | ほじ・しません | [hóꜜjì shìmáséꜜǹ] |
| Formal volitional | 保持しましょう | ほじ・しましょー | [hóꜜjì shìmáshóꜜò] |
| Formal perfective | 保持しました | ほじ・しました | [hóꜜjì shìmáꜜshìtà] |
| Continuative | 保持し 保持しに |
ほじ・し ほじ・しに |
[hóꜜjì shì] [hóꜜjì shì ní] |
| Negative continuative | 保持せず 保持せずに |
ほじ・せず ほじ・せずに |
[hóꜜjì séꜜzù] [hóꜜjì séꜜzù nì] |
| Passive | 保持される | ほじ・される | [hóꜜjì sàrérú] |
| Causative | 保持させる 保持さす |
ほじ・させる ほじ・さす |
[hóꜜjì sàsérú] [hóꜜjì sàsú] |
| Potential | 保持できる | ほじ・できる | [hóꜜjì dèkíꜜrù] |
Noun
[edit]Verb
[edit]保持する • (hoji suru) ←ほぢ (fodi)?transitive suru (stem 保持し (hoji shi), past 保持した (hoji shita))
- keep, hold, conserve
- maintain
- 2024 March 22, 三浦信祐 [Nobuhiro Miura], quotee, “第213回国会 参議院 経済産業委員会 第3号 令和6年3月22日 [213th Diet, House of Councillors, Committee on Economy, Trade and Industry, No. 3, March 22, 2024]”, in 国会会議録検索システム [Diet Proceedings Search System][1], 国立国会図書館 [National Diet Library], retrieved 28 September 2025:
- 経済力には、金融、経済、財政の力を保持することは必須であります。
- Keizai-ryoku ni wa, kin'yū, keizai, zaisei no chikara o hoji suru koto wa hissu de ari masu.
- Economic power requires maintaining financial, economic and fiscal strength.
Conjugation
[edit]| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 保持し | ほじし | hoji shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 保持し | ほじし | hoji shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 保持する | ほじする | hoji suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 保持する | ほじする | hoji suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 保持すれ | ほじすれ | hoji sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 保持せよ¹ 保持しろ² |
ほじせよ¹ ほじしろ² |
hoji seyo¹ hoji shiro² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 保持される | ほじされる | hoji sareru |
| Causative | 保持させる 保持さす |
ほじさせる ほじさす |
hoji saseru hoji sasu |
| Potential | 保持できる | ほじできる | hoji dekiru |
| Volitional | 保持しよう | ほじしよう | hoji shiyō |
| Negative | 保持しない | ほじしない | hoji shinai |
| Negative continuative | 保持せず | ほじせず | hoji sezu |
| Formal | 保持します | ほじします | hoji shimasu |
| Perfective | 保持した | ほじした | hoji shita |
| Conjunctive | 保持して | ほじして | hoji shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 保持すれば | ほじすれば | hoji sureba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
References
[edit]- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- “保持”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Korean
[edit]| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 保 | 持 |
Noun
[edit]- hanja form? of 보지 (“preservation”)
Vietnamese
[edit]| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
|---|---|
| 保 | 持 |
Verb
[edit]保持
Categories:
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- Japanese terms spelled with 持 read as じ
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