李
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Translingual[edit]
Stroke order | |||
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Han character[edit]
李 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 木弓木 (DND), four-corner 40407, composition ⿱木子)
Derived characters[edit]
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 511, character 11
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14459
- Dae Jaweon: page 895, character 9
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1162, character 8
- Unihan data for U+674E
Chinese[edit]
trad. | 李 | |
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simp. # | 李 | |
alternative forms | 杍 |
Glyph origin[edit]
Historical forms of the character 李 | ||
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Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Oracle bone script: Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *rɯʔ): phonetic 來 (OC *m·rɯːɡ, “wheat”) + semantic 子. The phonetic part 來 became gradually corrupted to yield 木 (“tree”).
Shuowen erroneously remarks that this is a phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *rɯʔ): semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 子 (OC *ʔslɯʔ).
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
李
- plum (tree and fruit)
- † Alternative form of 理 (lǐ, “judge; justice”)
- a surname, listed fourth in the Baijiaxing
- 李白 ― Lǐ Bái ― Li Bai (Li Bo) (Tang dynasty poet)
- 李連杰/李连杰 [Cantonese] ― lei5 lin4 git6 [Jyutping] ― Jet Li (Li Lianjie or Li Yangzhong)
Usage notes[edit]
In mainland China and among its expatriates, this surname is generally romanized as "Li" in accordance with the Hanyu Pinyin system. Although an identical transliteration is used in Wade-Giles, similarity in pronunciation to the English surname makes the romanization "Lee" more common in Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan and elsewhere. A notable example of this is Bruce Lee.
Synonyms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
Compounds[edit]
- 僵李代桃
- 公門桃李/公门桃李
- 凡桃俗李
- 呼張喚李/呼张唤李
- 夭桃穠李/夭桃秾李
- 夭桃襛李/夭桃𰳺李
- 小李
- 張三李四/张三李四 (zhāngsān-lǐsì)
- 張冠李戴/张冠李戴 (zhāngguānlǐdài)
- 張王李趙/张王李赵 (Zhāng-Wáng-Lǐ-Zhào)
- 投桃報李/投桃报李 (tóutáobàolǐ)
- 方桃譬李
- 李下
- 李下無蹊/李下无蹊
- 李下瓜田 (lǐxiàguātián)
- 李代桃僵 (lǐdàitáojiāng)
- 李劉馬夏/李刘马夏
- 李唐 (Lǐtáng)
- 李埠 (Lǐbù)
- 李子 (lǐzi)
- 李家河 (Lǐjiāhé)
- 李富莊/李富庄 (Lǐfùzhuāng)
- 李寨 (Lǐzhài)
- 李店 (Lǐdiàn)
- 李廟/李庙 (Lǐmiào)
- 李廣射虎/李广射虎
- 李廣難封/李广难封
- 李思訓碑/李思训碑
- 李杜 (Lǐ-Dù)
- 李榨 (Lǐzhà)
- 李樓/李楼 (Lǐlóu)
- 李灘/李滩 (Lǐtān)
- 李灣/李湾 (Lǐwān)
- 李爾王/李尔王
- 李耳
- 李膺門/李膺门
- 李郭同舟
- 李集 (Lǐjí)
- 李靖
- 桃來李答/桃来李答
- 桃李 (táolǐ)
- 桃李之教
- 桃李滿門/桃李满门 (táolǐmǎnmén)
- 桃李爭妍/桃李争妍
- 桃李爭輝/桃李争辉
- 桃李門牆/桃李门墙
- 檇李/槜李
- 歐李/欧李
- 正冠李下
- 比張比李/比张比李
- 沉李浮瓜
- 浮瓜沉李
- 濃桃豔李/浓桃艳李
- 牛李黨爭/牛李党争
- 瓜李之嫌
- 瓜田李下 (guātiánlǐxià)
- 色豔桃李/色艳桃李
- 苦李
- 華李/华李 (Huálǐ)
- 行李 (xínglǐ)
- 行李箱 (xínglǐxiāng)
- 行李袋
- 西李灣/西李湾 (Xīlǐwān)
- 豔如桃李/艳如桃李
- 賣李鑽核/卖李钻核
- 趙李橋/赵李桥 (Zhàolǐqiáo)
- 道傍李
- 道傍苦李
- 郁李 (yùlǐ)
- 鐵拐李/铁拐李
- 門牆桃李/门墙桃李
- 魏李 (Wèilǐ)
References[edit]
- “李”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- “Entry #3231”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)
Readings[edit]
Compounds[edit]
- 行李 (kōri)
Etymology 1[edit]
Kanji in this term |
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李 |
Jinmeiyō |
kun’yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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酸桃 |
Compound of 酸 (su, “vinegar; sour”) + 桃 (momo, “peach”).[1][2]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Usage notes[edit]
As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as スモモ.
Derived terms[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
From Middle Chinese 李 (MC liX).
Pronunciation[edit]
Affix[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
- Japanese reading of the Chinese or Korean surname
- Japanese reading of the Chinese surname
- Japanese reading of the South Korean surname
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- Entry at Nihon Jiten (in Japanese)
- Entry at Gogen Allguide (in Japanese)
Korean[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle Chinese 李 (MC liX).
Historical readings |
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Pronunciation[edit]
- (initial position)
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [i(ː)]
- Phonetic hangul: [이(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
- (non-initial position)
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɾi]
- Phonetic hangul: [리]
Hanja[edit]
李 (eumhun 오얏나무 리 (oyannamu ri), South Korea 오얏나무 이 (oyannamu i))
- Hanja form? of 리/이 (“Lee, the second most common Korean surname.”).
- (literary) Hanja form? of 리/이 (“plum tree”).
Usage notes[edit]
This hanja is spelled 이 (i) in South Korea due to 두음 법칙 (頭音法則, dueum beopchik).
Compounds[edit]
References[edit]
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
- chữ Hán form of Lí (“a surname from Chinese.”).
- a unisex given name
References[edit]
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- CJK Compatibility Ideographs block
- Translingual lemmas
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- zh:Prunus genus plants
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- Japanese kanji with kun reading すもも
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- Japanese kanji with nanori reading い
- Japanese terms spelled with 李
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