李
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See also: 季
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Translingual[edit]
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Han character[edit]
李 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 木弓木 (DND), four-corner 40407, composition ⿱木子)
Derived characters[edit]
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 511, character 11
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14459
- Dae Jaweon: page 895, character 9
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1162, character 8
- Unihan data for U+674E
Chinese[edit]
| trad. | 李 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 李 | |
Glyph origin[edit]
| Historical forms of the character 李 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Oracle bone script: Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *rɯʔ): phonetic 來 (OC *m·rɯːɡ, “wheat”) + semantic 子. The phonetic part 來 became gradually corrupted to yield 木 (“tree”).
Shuowen erroneously remarks that this is a phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *rɯʔ): semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 子 (OC *ʔslɯʔ).
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
李
- plum (tree and fruit)
- † Alternative form of 理 (lǐ, “judge; justice”).
- A surname, listed fourth in the Baijiaxing
- 李白 ― Lǐ Bái ― Li Bai (Li Bo) (Tang dynasty poet)
- 李連杰 / 李连杰 [Cantonese] ― lei5 lin4 git6 [Jyutping] ― Jet Li (Li Lianjie or Li Yangzhong)
Usage notes[edit]
In mainland China and among its expatriates, this surname is generally romanized as "Li" in accordance with the Hanyu Pinyin system. Although an identical transliteration is used in Wade-Giles, similarity in pronunciation to the English surname makes the romanization "Lee" more common in Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan and elsewhere. A notable example of this is Bruce Lee.
Descendants[edit]
Compounds[edit]
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References[edit]
- “李”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- “Entry #3231”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
李
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)
Readings[edit]
Compounds[edit]
- 行李 (kōri)
Etymology 1[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 李 |
| Jinmeiyō |
| kun’yomi |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 酸桃 |
Compound of 酸 (su, “vinegar; sour”) + 桃 (momo, “peach”).[1][2]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Usage notes[edit]
As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as スモモ.
Derived terms[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
From Middle Chinese 李 (MC lɨX).
Pronunciation[edit]
Affix[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
- Japanese reading of the Chinese or Korean surname
- Japanese reading of the Chinese surname
- Japanese reading of the South Korean surname
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- Entry at Nihon Jiten (in Japanese)
- Entry at Gogen Allguide (in Japanese)
Korean[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle Chinese 李 (MC lɨX).
| Historical readings |
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Pronunciation[edit]
- (initial position)
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [i(ː)]
- Phonetic hangul: [이(ː)]
- Though still prescriptive in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
- (non-initial position)
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɾi]
- Phonetic hangul: [리]
Hanja[edit]
李 (eumhun 오얏나무 리 (oyannamu ri), South Korea 오얏나무 이 (oyannamu i))
- Hanja form? of 리/이 (“Lee, the second most common Korean surname.”).
- (literary) Hanja form? of 리/이 (“plum tree”).
Usage notes[edit]
This hanja is spelled 이 (i) in South Korea due to 두음 법칙 (頭音法則, dueum beopchik).
Compounds[edit]
Compounds
References[edit]
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
- A Vietnamese family name.
- An unisex given name.
References[edit]
Categories:
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