連

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See also: 连 and 運
連 U+9023, 連
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9023
← 逢
[U+9022] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 逤 →
[U+9024]

連 U+F99A, 連
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F99A
← 蓮
[U+F999] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 鍊 →
[U+F99B]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
11 strokes

Han character[edit]

連 (Kangxi radical 162, 辵+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 卜十田十 (YJWJ), four-corner 35300, composition ⿺辶車)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1259, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38902
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1747, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3836, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9023

Chinese[edit]

trad. 連
simp. 连*

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (連) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
連 *ren
漣 *ren
鰱 *ren
翴 *ren
鏈 *ren, *rens, *r̥ʰen
璉 *renʔ
僆 *renʔ, *reːns
摙 *renʔ, *rens
蓮 *renʔ, *reːn
嗹 *reːn
縺 *reːn

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意): 辶 (“to walk”) + 車 (“chariot”) – man-drawn carriage.

According to Duan Yucai, 聯／联 (lián) and 連 are two characters for a same word, with the former used in the Zhou dynasty and the latter in the Han dynasty.

Etymology 1[edit]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-rjan (“equal; to place in a row; to align; row”); related to 聯 (OC *ɡ·ron) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • liân/lên - literary (incl. surname);
  • nî (黃連), liâm (連鞭) - vernacular.
Note:
  • liang5 - Shantou;
  • liêng5 - Chaozhou;
  • hian5 - alternative pronunciation for surname sense.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Rime
    Character 連
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 來 (37)
    Final (韻) 仙 (77)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 力延切
    Baxter ljen
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/liᴇn/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/liɛn/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ljæn/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/lian/
    Li
    Rong         		/liɛn/
    Wang
    Li         		/lĭɛn/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/li̯ɛn/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		lián
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		lin4
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 連 連
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		lián lián
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ ljen › ‹ ljen ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*C.ra[n]/ /*[r]a[n]/
    English [surname] connect in a row

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 連
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 7992
    Phonetic
    component         		連
    Rime
    group         		元
    Rime
    subdivision         		2
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		連
    Old
    Chinese         		/*ren/

    Definitions[edit]

    連

    1. (historical) man-drawn carriage
    2. to link; to join; to connect
      我們忘了把電腦連上網線了。 [MSC, trad.]
      我们忘了把电脑连上网线了。 [MSC, simp.]
      Wǒmen wàng le bǎ diànnǎo lián shàng wǎngxiàn le. [Pinyin]
      We forgot to connect the computer to the network cable.
      新運河將兩條河連在一起。 [MSC, trad.]
      新运河将两条河连在一起。 [MSC, simp.]
      Xīn yùnhé jiāng liǎng tiáo hé lián zàiyīqǐ. [Pinyin]
      The new canal links the two rivers.
    3. to ally with; to unite
    4. to involve; to implicate
    5. to simultaneously gain
    6. to include; including; counting
      連我在內共有十人出席。 [MSC, trad.]
      连我在内共有十人出席。 [MSC, simp.]
      Lián wǒ zài nèi gòngyǒu shí rén chūxí. [Pinyin]
      There were ten present including myself.
    7. continuously; successively; one after one; repeatedly
      連勝三局／连胜三局  ―  lián shèng sān jú  ―  to win three games in succession
      這種新鞭炮叫爆珠，可以連響。 [MSC, trad.]
      这种新鞭炮叫爆珠，可以连响。 [MSC, simp.]
      Zhè zhǒng xīn biānpào jiào Bàozhū, kěyǐ lián xiǎng. [Pinyin]
      This new firecracker called Bao Zhu could sound continuously.
    8. from; counting from
    9. and; with
    10. together; with each other
    11. hard; difficult; tough
    12. full; entire; whole
    13. (used in the 連…都/也… structures for emphasis) even; paradoxically
      他連畜生都不如，連自己的父母都不養活。 [MSC, trad.]
      他连畜生都不如，连自己的父母都不养活。 [MSC, simp.]
      Tā lián xùshēng dōu bùrú, lián zìjǐ de fùmǔ dōu bù yǎnghuó. [Pinyin]
      He is no better than an animal, because he doesn't even support his own parents.
      甚至連孩子都看得懂這本書。 [MSC, trad.]
      甚至连孩子都看得懂这本书。 [MSC, simp.]
      Shènzhì lián háizǐ dōu kàn dé dǒng zhè běn shū. [Pinyin]
      Even a child can understand the book
    14. affinity; relationship by marriage
    15. (military) company (consisting of platoons (排) and forming part of a battalion (營))
      他以為新兵連都是“刀光劍影”“舞槍弄棒”的生活，沒想到卻是三點一線的固定生活模式和枯燥乏味的訓練內容。 [MSC, trad.]
      他以为新兵连都是“刀光剑影”“舞枪弄棒”的生活，没想到却是三点一线的固定生活模式和枯燥乏味的训练内容。 [MSC, simp.]
      Tā yǐwèi xīnbīng lián dōu shì “dāo guāng jiàn yǐng” “wǔ qiāng nòng bàng” de shēnghuó, méi xiǎngdào què shì sāndiǎnyīxiàn de gùdìng shēnghuó móshì hé kūzào fáwèi de xùnliàn nèiróng. [Pinyin]
      He thought that life in a company made up of new recruits would be filled with exciting maneuvers, but he did not expect it to be a monotonous routine with boring training content.
    16. (grammar) Short for 連詞／连词 (liáncí, “conjunction”).
    17. a surname
      連戰／连战  ―  Lián Zhàn  ―  Lien Chan (chairman of the Kuomintang from 2000 to 2005)
    Synonyms[edit]
    • (to link):
    • (to include):
    • (continuously):
    • (even):

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    連

    1. † difficult

    Etymology 3[edit]

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    連

    1. ‡ to reach
    2. † to remove

    Etymology 4[edit]

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    連

    1. Only used in 連石／连石.

    Japanese[edit]

    Shinjitai 連
    Kyūjitai
    [1]
    連
    &#xF99A;
    or
    連+&#xFE00;?
    連󠄀
    連+&#xE0100;?
    (Adobe-Japan1)
    連󠄃
    連+&#xE0103;?
    (Hanyo-Denshi)
    (Moji_Joho)
    The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
    See here for details.

    Kanji[edit]

    連

    (grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 連)

    1. take along; lead; join; connect
    2. (used as a suffix) party; company; group; set

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    連
    れん
    Grade: 4
    on’yomi

    Middle Chinese 連 (liᴇn)

    Noun[edit]

    連(れん) • (ren) 

    1. (of paper) a ream
    2. (poetry) a stanza; a verse

    Suffix[edit]

    連(れん) • (-ren) 

    1. a group of people
    2. amount of times consecutively

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    連
    むらじ
    Grade: 4
    nanori

    Old Japanese [Term?], from 村 (mura, “village”) +‎ 主 (nushi, “chief”)

    Proper noun[edit]

    連(むらじ) • (Muraji) 

    1. (historical) the second-lowest of the 八色の姓 (Yakusa no Kabane, “eight hereditary titles promulgated by Emperor Tenmu”) [from 675 CE]

    See also[edit]

    References[edit]

    1. ^ “連”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎[1] (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015–2023

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    連 (eumhun 잇닿을 련 (itda'eul ryeon), South Korea 잇닿을 연 (itda'eul yeon))

    1. Hanja form? of 련/연 (“take along; lead; join; connect”).

    Compounds[edit]

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    連: Hán Nôm readings: liên, liền

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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