紛紛

See also: 纷纷

Chinese

		numerous; disorderly	numerous; disorderly
trad. (紛紛)		紛	紛
simp. (纷纷)		纷	纷

Etymology

Ideophonic: A reduplication of 紛 (OC *pʰɯn, “silk ribbon; disordered, confused → numerous”). Attested in Guanzi and Mengzi, meaning "disorderly, confused". Possibly cognate with 煩 (OC *ban, “annoyed; numerous”), 繁 (OC *baːl, *baːn, *ban, “numerous”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fēnfēn

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄣ ㄈㄣ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fan¹ fan¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fûn-fûn
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hun-hun

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hung¹ hung¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fēnfēn
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄣ ㄈㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fenfen
    • Wade–Giles: fên¹-fên¹
    • Yale: fēn-fēn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fenfen
    • Palladius: фэньфэнь (fɛnʹfɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fən⁵⁵ fən⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: fan¹ fan¹
    • Yale: fān fān
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fan¹ fan¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: fen¹ fen¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɐn⁵⁵ fɐn⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fûn-fûn
    • Hakka Romanization System: fun´ fun´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: fun¹ fun¹
    • Sinological IPA: /fun²⁴⁻¹¹ fun²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hun-hun
    • Tâi-lô: hun-hun
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hunhwn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hun⁴⁴⁻²² hun⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hun³³ hun³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hun⁴⁴⁻²² hun⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hun⁴⁴⁻³³ hun⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hun⁴⁴⁻³³ hun⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hung¹ hung¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hung hung
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huŋ³³⁻²³ huŋ³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: phjun phjun

Rime
Character	紛
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	滂 (2)
Final (韻)	文 (59)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	撫文切
Baxter	phjun
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʰɨun/
Pan Wuyun	/pʰiun/
Shao Rongfen	/pʰiuən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pʰun/
Li Rong	/pʰiuən/
Wang Li	/pʰĭuən/
Bernard Karlgren	/pʰi̯uən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fēn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fan1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*pʰɯn  pʰɯn/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	紛
Reading #	1/1
No.	3155
Phonetic component	分
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	芬
Old Chinese	/*pʰɯn/
Notes	撫由府校改

Adjective

紛紛

1. (ideophonic) numerous and confused; in droves; in great numbers

Synonyms

• 紛紜／纷纭 (fēnyún)
• 紛繁／纷繁 (fēnfán)
• 紛雜／纷杂 (fēnzá) (literary)

 

Derived terms

• 亂紛紛／乱纷纷
• 土雨紛紛／土雨纷纷
• 湎湎紛紛／湎湎纷纷
• 碎紛紛／碎纷纷
• 紛紛不一／纷纷不一
• 紛紛嚷嚷／纷纷嚷嚷
• 紛紛揚揚／纷纷扬扬 (fēnfēnyángyáng)
• 紛紛擁擁／纷纷拥拥
• 紛紛擾擾／纷纷扰扰
• 紛紛攘攘／纷纷攘攘
• 紛紛洋洋／纷纷洋洋
• 紛紛穰穰／纷纷穰穰
• 紛紛籍籍／纷纷籍籍
• 紛紛翼翼／纷纷翼翼
• 紛紛議論／纷纷议论
• 紛紛鬧鬧／纷纷闹闹
• 膠膠紛紛／胶胶纷纷
• 議論紛紛／议论纷纷 (yìlùnfēnfēn)
• 郁郁紛紛
• 鬧紛紛／闹纷纷

 

Adverb

紛紛

1. (ideophonic) one after another; in succession

Synonyms

• 一連／一连 (yīlián)
• 不斷／不断 (bùduàn)
• 先後／先后 (xiānhòu)
• 前後／前后 (qiánhòu)
• 勿斷／勿断 (⁸veq-doe) (Wu)
• 接連／接连 (jiēlián)
• 接連不斷／接连不断 (jiēliánbùduàn)
• 沓沓 (Hokkien)
• 相繼／相继 (xiāngjì)
• 絡繹／络绎 (luòyì) (literary)
• 連／连
• 連紲／连绁 (Hokkien)
• 連續／连续 (liánxù)
• 連連／连连 (liánlián)
• 陸續／陆续 (lùxù)
• 陸陸續續／陆陆续续 (lùlùxùxù)