漣

See also: 涟

漣 U+6F23, 漣 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6F23 ← 漢 [U+6F22] CJK Unified Ideographs 漤 → [U+6F24]

漣 U+F992, 漣 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F992 ← 撚 [U+F991] CJK Compatibility Ideographs 煉 → [U+F993]

Translingual

Han character

漣 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 水卜十十 (EYJJ), four-corner 3513₀, composition ⿰氵連)

Derived characters

• 𢣣, 𬮖

Related characters

• 涟 (Simplified Chinese)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 646, character 21
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18155
• Dae Jaweon: page 1056, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1695, character 3
• Unihan data for U+6F23

• Unihan data for U+F992

Chinese

trad.		漣
simp.		涟

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (連) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
連	*ren
漣	*ren
鰱	*ren
翴	*ren
鏈	*ren, *rens, *r̥ʰen
璉	*renʔ
僆	*renʔ, *reːns
摙	*renʔ, *rens
蓮	*renʔ, *reːn
嗹	*reːn
縺	*reːn

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ren): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 連 (OC *ren)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): lián (lian²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): lin⁴
• Eastern Min (BUC): lièng
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): leng²
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): liân

  (Teochew, Peng'im): liêng⁵ / liang⁵

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: lián
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: lián
    • Wade–Giles: lien²
    • Yale: lyán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lian
    • Palladius: лянь (ljanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /li̯ɛn³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: lin⁴
    • Yale: lìhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: lin⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: lin⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /liːn²¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: lièng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /l̃ieŋ⁵³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: leng²
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: léng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɛŋ¹³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: leng²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɛŋ²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liân
    • Tâi-lô: liân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: lieen
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /liɛn²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /liɛn²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /liɛn¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /liɛn²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /liɛn²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: liêng⁵ / liang⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: liêng / liâng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lieŋ⁵⁵/, /liaŋ⁵⁵/

Note:

• liêng5 - Chaozhou;
• liang5 - Shantoum Jieyang, Chenghai, Chaoyang, Puning, Huilai.

---

• Middle Chinese: ljen, ljenH

Rime
Character	漣	漣
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	來 (37)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	仙 (77)	仙 (77)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	力延切	連彦切
Baxter	ljen	ljenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/liᴇn/	/liᴇnH/
Pan Wuyun	/liɛn/	/liɛnH/
Shao Rongfen	/ljæn/	/ljænH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lian/	/lianH/
Li Rong	/liɛn/	/liɛnH/
Wang Li	/lĭɛn/	/lĭɛnH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/li̯ɛn/	/li̯ɛnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lián	liàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lin4	lin6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]a[n]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ren/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	漣
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	lián
Middle Chinese	‹ ljen ›
Old Chinese	/*[r]a[n]/
English	ripple; drip
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	漣
Reading #	1/1
No.	7993
Phonetic component	連
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	連
Old Chinese	/*ren/

Definitions

漣

1. (of water) ripple
2. appearance of continuous weeping
3. (～水) river in Hunan province

Compounds

• 楊漣 / 杨涟
• 泣血漣如 / 泣血涟如
• 流漣 / 流涟 (liúlián)
• 清漣 / 清涟
• 淪漣 / 沦涟
• 漣水 / 涟水 (Liánshuǐ)
• 漣波 / 涟波
• 漣洳 / 涟洳
• 漣洏 / 涟洏
• 漣漣 / 涟涟 (liánlián)
• 漪漣 / 漪涟
• 漣漪 / 涟漪 (liányī)

References

• “漣”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “涟”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 137.

Japanese

Shinjitai (extended)	Shinjitai (extended)	漣󠄁 漣+󠄁? (Adobe-Japan1)
漣󠄂 漣+󠄂? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
Print standard	漣
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

漣

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

1. ripple
2. (of tears) continuously flowing

Readings

• Go-on: れん (ren)
• Kan-on: れん (ren)
• Kun: さざなみ (sazanami, 漣)

Compounds

• 砂(さ)漣(れん) (saren, “sand ripple”)
• 漣(れん)漪(い) (ren'i, “ripple”)
• 漣(れん)音(おん) (ren'on, “mordent”)
• 漣(れん)痕(こん) (renkon, “ripple mark”)
• 漣(れん)漣(れん) (renren, “(of tears) continuously flowing”)

Definitions

Kanji in this term
漣
さざなみ Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 漣 – see the following entry.

【細波さざなみ】 [noun] ripple Alternative spelling 小波

(This term, 漣, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References

• “^▲漣”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025

Korean

Hanja

漣 (eum 련 (ryeon), word-initial (South Korea) 연 (yeon))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

• 연흔 (漣痕, yeonheun)

Vietnamese

Han character

漣: Hán Việt readings: liên (靈(linh)年(niên)切(thiết))
漣: Nôm readings: trơn, lăn, liên

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.