靈
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Contents
Translingual[edit]
| Traditional | 靈 |
|---|---|
| Shinjitai | 霊 |
| Simplified | 灵 |
Han character[edit]
靈 (radical 173 雨+16, 24 strokes, cangjie input 一月口口人 (MBRRO) or 一月口口一 (MBRRM), four-corner 10108, composition ⿱霝巫)
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 1380, character 24
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42532
- Dae Jaweon: page 1889, character 34
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 4082, character 12
- Unihan data for U+9748
Chinese[edit]
| trad. | 靈 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 灵 | |
| alt. forms | ||
Glyph origin[edit]
| Historical forms of the character 靈
|
|---|
| Small seal script |
 |
| Characters in the same phonetic series (霝) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 靈 | *reːŋ |
| 霛 | *reːŋ |
| 麢 | *reːŋ |
| 霝 | *reːŋ |
| 醽 | *reːŋ |
| 櫺 | *reːŋ |
| 蘦 | *reːŋ |
| 孁 | *reːŋ |
| 龗 | *reːŋ |
| 酃 | *reːŋ |
| 爧 | *reːŋ |
| 欞 | *reːŋ |
Found as 𩆜 in Shuowen: Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *reːŋ): phonetic 霝 (OC *reːŋ) + semantic 玉 (“jade”).
The semantic component 玉 (“jade”) may be replaced with 巫 (“witch”), as in the current form, or with 心 (“heart”) or 示 (“memorial tablet”) in the ancient bronze inscription forms.
Pronunciation[edit]
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ling4
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): lìn
- Min Dong (BUC): lìng
- Min Nan (POJ): lêng
- Wu (Wiktionary): lin (T3)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄥˊ
- Wade-Giles: ling2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ling
- IPA (key): /liŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: ling4
- Yale: lìhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: ling4
- Guangdong Romanization: ling4
- IPA (key): /lɪŋ²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lìn
- Hakka Romanization System: linˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: lin2
- IPA: /lin¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: lìng
- IPA (key): /l̃iŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: lin (T3)
- IPA (key): /lɪɲ²³/
- (Shanghainese)
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 靈 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 青 (125) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 郎丁切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/leŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/leŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/lɛŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/lɛjŋ/ |
| Li Rong |
/leŋ/ |
| Wang Li |
/lieŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/lieŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
líng |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 靈 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
líng |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ leng › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[r]ˤeŋ/ |
| English | supernatural |
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
|
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 靈 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 8259 |
| Phonetic component |
霝 |
| Rime group |
耕 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
靈 |
| Old Chinese |
/*reːŋ/ |
Definitions[edit]
靈
Compounds[edit]
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 霊)
- spirit, soul
Readings[edit]
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
靈 • (ryeong, yeong) (hangeul 령, 영, revised ryeong, yeong, McCune-Reischauer ryŏng, yŏng, Yale lyeung, yeung)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
靈 (linh, lanh, lẻng, leng, lênh, liêng, lình)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
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