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銜

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 衔
銜 U+929C, 銜
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-929C
← 銛
[U+929B] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 銝 →
[U+929D]

Translingual

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Han character

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銜 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+6, 14 strokes, cangjie input 竹人金一弓 (HOCMN), four-corner 21109, composition ⿲彳釒亍)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1305, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40390
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1807, character 22
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 840, character 15
  • Unihan data for U+929C

Chinese

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trad. 銜
simp. 衔
alternative forms
䘖
衘
啣
㘅
𠼫
䘖
衘
啣
㘅
𠼫
㗸
𠷢
𠾑
𭊷
咁
嗛
 

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 銜
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡraːm): semantic 行 + phonetic 金 (OC *krɯm).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • hàng - vernacular;
  • gàng - literary.
Note:
  • gor2/gornn2 - vernacular;
  • hang2 - literary.
Note:
  • khâⁿ/hâⁿ - vernacular;
  • hâm - literary.
Note:
  • gan5 - vernacular;
  • ham5 - literary.
    • (Leizhou)
      • Leizhou Pinyin: ga5 / ham5
      • Sinological IPA: /ka²²/, /ham²²/
Note:
  • ga5 - vernacular;
  • ham5 - literary.
Note:
  • ghe/ghae/ghaen/ga - vernacular (“to hold in the mouth”);
  • nge/ngae/ngaen/a - vernacular (“rank”);
  • ye/zhian/ian - literary.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 銜
Mandarin Beijing /ɕian³⁵/
Harbin /ɕian²⁴/
Tianjin /ɕian⁴⁵/
Jinan /ɕiã⁴²/
Qingdao /ɕiã⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /ɕian⁴²/
Xi'an /ɕiã²⁴/
Xining /ɕiã²⁴/
Yinchuan /ɕian⁵³/
Lanzhou /ɕiɛ̃n⁵³/
Ürümqi /ɕian⁵¹/
/t͡ɕʰiɤ⁵¹/
Wuhan /ɕiɛn²¹³/ 頭～
/xan²¹³/ ～冤
Chengdu /xan³¹/
/ɕian³¹/
Guiyang /ɕian²¹/
/xan²¹/ 老
Kunming /ɕiɛ̃³¹/
Nanjing /ɕien²⁴/
Hefei /ɕiĩ⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /ɕie¹¹/
Pingyao /ɕie̞¹³/
Hohhot /ɕie³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ɦe²³/
Suzhou /ɦiɪ¹³/
Hangzhou /ɦẽ̞²¹³/
/ɦiẽ̞²¹³/
Wenzhou /ɦa³¹/
Hui Shexian /ɕie⁴⁴/
/xɛ⁴⁴/
Tunxi /kɔ⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /xan¹³/
Xiangtan /ɦan¹²/
Gan Nanchang /han²⁴/
Hakka Meixian /ham¹¹/
Taoyuan /hɑm¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /ham²¹/
Nanning /ham²¹/
Hong Kong /ham²¹/
/hɐm²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /ham³⁵/
/kã³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kaŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /aŋ²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /ham⁵⁵/
/kã⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /ham³¹/
/ka³¹/
Rime
Character 銜
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 銜 (149)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 戸監切
Baxter haem
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɦˠam/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɦᵚam/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɣam/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɦaɨm/
Li
Rong 		/ɣam/
Wang
Li 		/ɣam/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ɣam/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		xián
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		haam4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 銜
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		xián
Middle
Chinese 		‹ hæm ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[ɡ]ˁr[a]m/
English a bit

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 銜
Reading # 1/1
No. 13534
Phonetic
component 		銜
Rime
group 		談
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		銜
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡraːm/
Notes 當爲從金行聲

Definitions

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銜

  1. to hold in the mouth
  2. to harbor (hold in one's thoughts)
  3. to connect
    銜接／衔接  ―  xiánjiē  ―  to join together; to combine; to link up
  4. rank; title
    軍銜／军衔  ―  jūnxián  ―  military rank
  5. (literary, or in compounds) to accept
  6. (literary, or in compounds) bit (of a horse)

Synonyms

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  • (to connect):
  • (to accept):

Compounds

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References

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  • “銜”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
  • 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “衔”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 197.

Japanese

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Kanji

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銜

(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

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  • Go-on: げん (gen)
  • Kan-on: かん (kan)
  • Kan’yō-on: がん (gan)
  • Kun: くつわ (kutsuwa)、ふくむ (fukumu)

References

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Korean

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Hanja

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銜 • (ham) (hangeul 함, revised ham, McCune–Reischauer ham, Yale ham)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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銜: Hán Nôm readings: hàm

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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