主
|
Translingual[edit]
Stroke order | |||
---|---|---|---|
![]() |
Stroke order (Japan) | |||
---|---|---|---|
![]() |
Stroke order | |||
---|---|---|---|
![]() |
Han character[edit]
主 (Kangxi radical 3, 丶+4, 5 strokes, cangjie input 卜土 (YG), four-corner 00104, composition ⿱丶王 or ⿱亠土)
Derived characters[edit]
- 住, 𠰍, 𡊲, 妵, 往, 拄, 注, 㹥, 迬, 柱, 炷, 𤖸, 砫, 紸(𰬇), 蛀, 註, 䝬, 跓, 軴, 鉒(𰽯), 䪒, 飳, 駐(驻), 黈, 𪐴, 殶
- 𠣕, 𦭦, 宔, 疰, 罜, 䇠, 麈, 𮏼, 𮢔, 𮢉
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 80, character 20
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 100
- Dae Jaweon: page 163, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 44, character 3
- Unihan data for U+4E3B
Chinese[edit]
simp. and trad. |
主 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms | 丶 宔 |
Glyph origin[edit]
Historical forms of the character 主 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | ||||||||
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | ||||||||
![]() |
![]() |
![]() | ||||||||
| ||||||||||
References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
|
Pictogram (象形): A picture of a lamp or a torch with a flame at the top.
Original form of 炷. Current meaning acquired by sound loan.
Etymology[edit]
Unclear. Compare Tibetan ཇོ་བོ (jo bo, “elder brother, nobleman, lord”), Tibetan ཇོ་མོ (jo mo, “mistress, lady, goddess”), Tibetan ཐུ། (thu, “chief”), Proto-Monic *(d)ndooʔ (“to teach, to instruct; headman”), and Thai โจก (jòok, “leader, chief”) (Schuessler, 2007)
Pronunciation 1[edit]
Definitions[edit]
主
- owner; master
- host
- (archaic, honorific) you (honorific second-person pronoun addressing a "senior official" [大夫] or his spouse)
- 季康子問于共父文伯之母曰:「主亦有以語肥也。」對曰:「吾能老而已,何以語子。」康子曰:「雖然,肥愿有聞于主。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Guoyu, circa 4th century BCE
- Jì Kāngzǐ wèn yú Gōngfǔ Wénbó zhī mǔ yuē: “Zhǔ yì yǒu yǐ yù Féi yě.” Duìyuē: “Wú néng lǎo éryǐ, héyǐ yù zǐ.” Kāngzǐ yuē: “Suīrán, Féi yuàn yǒu wén yú zhǔ.” [Pinyin]
- Ji Kangzi (Fei) consulted the mother of Gongfu Wenbo: "Would you, madame, have something to instruct me?" "I am only good at growing old. What else can I tell you?" came her reply. "Nevertheless, I, Fei, do want to hear something from you," said Kangzi.
季康子问于共父文伯之母曰:“主亦有以语肥也。”对曰:“吾能老而已,何以语子。”康子曰:“虽然,肥愿有闻于主。” [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (Christianity, Islam) Lord
- emperor
- (colloquial, derogatory) person of a specified type
- agent; agency
- party; entity
- 事主 ― shìzhǔ ― party (in a dispute, especially the one bringing forth the dispute)
- main; primary; principal; major
- to be in charge; to lead; to command
- 主事 ― zhǔshì ― to be in charge
- to indicate; to signify
- (grammar) Short for 主語/主语 (zhǔyǔ).
- (historical) Short for 公主 (gōngzhǔ).
- a surname
Compounds[edit]
- 世主 (shìzhǔ)
- 主上 (zhǔshàng)
- 主事 (zhǔshì)
- 主人 (zhǔrén)
- 主任 (zhǔrèn)
- 主佛
- 主位 (zhǔwèi)
- 主使 (zhǔshǐ)
- 主依
- 主修 (zhǔxiū)
- 主傅
- 主僕/主仆 (zhǔpú)
- 主兒/主儿 (zhǔr)
- 主公 (zhǔgōng)
- 主刀 (zhǔdāo)
- 主刑 (zhǔxíng)
- 主力 (zhǔlì)
- 主動/主动 (zhǔdòng)
- 主動脈/主动脉 (zhǔdòngmài)
- 主名
- 主唱 (zhǔchàng)
- 主單位/主单位
- 主器
- 主因 (zhǔyīn)
- 主坐
- 主場/主场
- 主委 (zhǔwěi)
- 主婚
- 主婦/主妇 (zhǔfù)
- 主嫌
- 主子 (zhǔzi)
- 主客 (zhǔkè)
- 主家
- 主宰 (zhǔzǎi)
- 主審/主审 (zhǔshěn)
- 主將/主将 (zhǔjiàng)
- 主導/主导 (zhǔdǎo)
- 主峰 (zhǔfēng)
- 主帥/主帅 (zhǔshuài)
- 主席 (zhǔxí)
- 主幣/主币
- 主幹/主干 (zhǔgàn)
- 主座
- 主廚/主厨 (zhǔchú)
- 主張/主张 (zhǔzhāng)
- 主從/主从 (zhǔcóng)
- 主意
- 主戰/主战 (zhǔzhàn)
- 主持 (zhǔchí)
- 主持人 (zhǔchírén)
- 主控
- 主掌 (zhǔzhǎng)
- 主播 (zhǔbō)
- 主攻 (zhǔgōng)
- 主政
- 主教
- 主文
- 主日 (zhǔrì)
- 主旨 (zhǔzhǐ)
- 主星
- 主板 (zhǔbǎn)
- 主格 (zhǔgé)
- 主根
- 主機/主机 (zhǔjī)
- 主權/主权 (zhǔquán)
- 主次 (zhǔcì)
- 主歌 (zhǔgē)
- 主母
- 主治 (zhǔzhì)
- 主法
- 主流 (zhǔliú)
- 主演 (zhǔyǎn)
- 主焦點/主焦点
- 主父
- 主犯 (zhǔfàn)
- 主盟
- 主監/主监
- 主祭 (zhǔjì)
- 主稿
- 主筆/主笔 (zhǔbǐ)
- 主管 (zhǔguǎn)
- 主簿 (zhǔbù)
- 主編/主编 (zhǔbiān)
- 主線/主线 (zhǔxiàn)
- 主罰/主罚
- 主義/主义 (zhǔyì)
- 主翁
- 主考 (zhǔkǎo)
- 主脈/主脉
- 主腦/主脑 (zhǔnǎo)
- 主腰 (zhǔyāo)
- 主臣
- 主菜 (zhǔcài)
- 主要 (zhǔyào)
- 主見/主见 (zhǔjiàn)
- 主觀/主观 (zhǔguān)
- 主觀主義/主观主义 (zhǔguān zhǔyì)
- 主觀唯心主義/主观唯心主义
- 主觀能動性/主观能动性 (zhǔguān néngdòngxìng)
- 主角
- 主計/主计
- 主詞/主词
- 主試/主试
- 主語/主语 (zhǔyǔ)
- 主調/主调
- 主謀/主谋 (zhǔmóu)
- 主講/主讲 (zhǔjiǎng)
- 主議/主议
- 主軸/主轴 (zhǔzhóu)
- 主辦/主办 (zhǔbàn)
- 主辯/主辩
- 主隊/主队 (zhǔduì)
- 主靜/主静
- 主音 (zhǔyīn)
- 主頁/主页 (zhǔyè)
- 主題/主题 (zhǔtí)
- 主顧/主顾 (zhǔgù)
- 主食 (zhǔshí)
- 主體/主体 (zhǔtǐ)
- 主麻
- 事主 (shìzhǔ)
- 人主 (rénzhǔ)
- 作主 (zuòzhǔ)
- 借主
- 做主 (zuòzhǔ)
- 債主/债主 (zhàizhǔ)
- 先主
- 內主/内主
- 公主 (gōngzhǔ)
- 化主
- 原主 (yuánzhǔ)
- 名主
- 君主 (jūnzhǔ)
- 售主
- 喪主/丧主
- 嗣主
- 國主/国主
- 團主/团主
- 地主 (dìzhǔ)
- 夫主
- 太主
- 天主 (Tiānzhǔ)
- 失主 (shīzhǔ)
- 奧主/奥主
- 女主 (nǚzhǔ)
- 宗主 (zōngzhǔ)
- 家主 (jiāzhǔ)
- 寄主 (jìzhǔ)
- 宿主 (sùzhǔ)
- 寨主
- 局主
- 屋主 (wūzhǔ)
- 幼主 (yòuzhǔ)
- 店主 (diànzhǔ)
- 府主
- 座主
- 庵主
- 廟主/庙主
- 廢主/废主 (fèizhǔ)
- 後主/后主
- 得主 (dézhǔ)
- 戶主/户主 (hùzhǔ)
- 房主 (fángzhǔ)
- 故主
- 教主 (jiàozhǔ)
- 教權主義/教权主义 (jiàoquánzhǔyì)
- 施主 (shīzhǔ)
- 昏主
- 明主 (míngzhǔ)
- 易主 (yìzhǔ)
- 星主
- 木主 (mùzhǔ)
- 本主
- 板主 (bǎnzhǔ)
- 東主/东主 (dōngzhǔ)
- 業主/业主 (yèzhǔ)
- 樁主/桩主
- 母主
- 民主 (mínzhǔ)
- 浴主
- 浪漫主義/浪漫主义 (làngmàn zhǔyì)
- 火主 (huǒzhǔ)
- 無主/无主 (wúzhǔ)
- 爵主
- 牧主
- 物主 (wùzhǔ)
- 田主 (tiánzhǔ)
- 盟主 (méngzhǔ)
- 真主 (zhēnzhǔ)
- 神主 (shénzhǔ)
- 祭主
- 禁慾主義/禁欲主义 (jìnyùzhǔyì)
- 窩主/窝主
- 縣主/县主
- 翁主
- 聖主/圣主 (shèngzhǔ)
- 背主 (bèizhǔ)
- 自主 (zìzhǔ)
- 船主 (chuánzhǔ)
- 苦主
- 莊主/庄主 (zhuāngzhǔ)
- 行主
- 觀主/观主
- 誼主/谊主
- 謀主/谋主
- 財主/财主
- 貨主/货主 (huòzhǔ)
- 貴主/贵主
- 買主/买主 (mǎizhǔ)
- 賓主/宾主 (bīnzhǔ)
- 賣主/卖主 (màizhǔ)
- 車主/车主 (chēzhǔ)
- 郎主
- 郡主 (jùnzhǔ)
- 閣主/阁主
- 院主
- 隊主/队主
- 雄主
- 雇主 (gùzhǔ)
- 霸主 (bàzhǔ)
- 領主/领主 (lǐngzhǔ)
- 頭主/头主
- 題主/题主 (tízhǔ)
- 顧主/顾主
- 飼主/饲主
- 點主/点主
- 齋主/斋主
Descendants[edit]
Others:
Pronunciation 2[edit]
Definitions[edit]
主
References[edit]
- “主”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese[edit]
Shinjitai | 主 | ![]() |
Kyūjitai [1][2][3] |
主󠄁 主+ 󠄁 ?(Adobe-Japan1) |
![]() |
主󠄃 主+ 󠄃 ?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |
Kanji[edit]
Readings[edit]
- Go-on: す (su, Jōyō †)←す (su, historical)
- Kan-on: しゅ (shu, Jōyō)←しゆ (syu, historical)
- Kun: あるじ (aruji, 主); おも (omo, 主, Jōyō); ぬし (nushi, 主, Jōyō); つかさどる (tsukasadoru, 主る)
Compounds[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Kanji in this term |
---|
主 |
しゅ Grade: 3 |
on’yomi |
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Synonyms[edit]
- 主人 (shujin)
Proper noun[edit]
- the Lord
- 主の兄弟ヤコブ
- Shu no kyōdai Yakobu
- James, brother of the Lord
- 主の兄弟ヤコブ
Etymology 2[edit]
Kanji in this term |
---|
主 |
ぬし Grade: 3 |
kun’yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 主 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 主, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Etymology 3[edit]
Kanji in this term |
---|
主 |
おも Grade: 3 |
kun’yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 主 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 主, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Etymology 4[edit]
Kanji in this term |
---|
主 |
あるじ Grade: 3 |
kun’yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 主 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 主, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
References[edit]
- ^ 白川静 (Shirakawa Shizuka) (2014), “主”, in 字通 普及版 (Jitsū fukyūban, “Jitsū trade edition”)[1] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Heibonsha, →ISBN
- ^ 1914, 漢和大辭書 (Kanwa Dai Jisho, “The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 62 (paper), page 81 (digital), Tōkyō: 興文社 (Kōbunsha)
- ^ 1927, 新漢和辭典 (Shin Kanwa Jiten, “The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 56 (paper), page 40 (digital), Ōsaka: 松雲堂 (Shōundō)
- ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle Chinese 主 (MC tsyuX). Recorded as Middle Korean 쥬〮 (cyú) (Yale: cyu) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja[edit]
主 (eumhun 임금 주 (imgeum ju))
主 (eumhun 주인 주 (ju'in ju))
Compounds[edit]
- 주요 (主要, juyo)
- 주인 (主人, ju'in, “master, host”)
- 주권 (主權, jugwon, “sovereignty”)
- 주객 (主客, jugaek, “host and guest”)
- 주부 (主婦, jubu, “housewife”)
- 주범 (主犯, jubeom, “main culprit”)
- 주인공 (主人公, ju'in'gong, “protagonist”)
- 민주주의 (民主主義, minjujuui, “democracy”)
- 공산주의 (共産主義, gongsanjuui, “communism”)
- 공주 (公主, gongju, “princess”)
References[edit]
- Naver Hanja Dictionary: 主
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [3]
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
主: Hán Việt readings: chủ, chúa
主: Nôm readings: chúa, chủ
- chữ Hán form of chủ (“owner”).
- Nôm form of chúa (“retired father of a king”).
- Nôm form of Chúa (“God; Christ; Lord”).
Usage notes[edit]
- Despite being a non-Sino-Vietnamese reading, chúa is still used as Sino-Vietnamese in a few compounds such as Chúa nhật, công chúa, quận chúa, lãnh chúa, Thiên Chúa.
Compounds[edit]
References[edit]
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han pictograms
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Dungan lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Taishanese lemmas
- Gan lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Jin lemmas
- Min Bei lemmas
- Min Dong lemmas
- Min Nan lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Xiang lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Dungan nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Taishanese nouns
- Gan nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Jin nouns
- Min Bei nouns
- Min Dong nouns
- Min Nan nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Wu nouns
- Xiang nouns
- Chinese adjectives
- Mandarin adjectives
- Dungan adjectives
- Cantonese adjectives
- Taishanese adjectives
- Gan adjectives
- Hakka adjectives
- Jin adjectives
- Min Bei adjectives
- Min Dong adjectives
- Min Nan adjectives
- Teochew adjectives
- Wu adjectives
- Xiang adjectives
- Chinese proper nouns
- Mandarin proper nouns
- Dungan proper nouns
- Cantonese proper nouns
- Taishanese proper nouns
- Gan proper nouns
- Hakka proper nouns
- Jin proper nouns
- Min Bei proper nouns
- Min Dong proper nouns
- Min Nan proper nouns
- Teochew proper nouns
- Wu proper nouns
- Xiang proper nouns
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Dungan verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Taishanese verbs
- Gan verbs
- Hakka verbs
- Jin verbs
- Min Bei verbs
- Min Dong verbs
- Min Nan verbs
- Teochew verbs
- Wu verbs
- Xiang verbs
- Chinese pronouns
- Mandarin pronouns
- Dungan pronouns
- Cantonese pronouns
- Taishanese pronouns
- Gan pronouns
- Hakka pronouns
- Jin pronouns
- Min Bei pronouns
- Min Dong pronouns
- Min Nan pronouns
- Teochew pronouns
- Wu pronouns
- Xiang pronouns
- Sichuanese Mandarin
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese hanzi
- Chinese Han characters
- Chinese terms with archaic senses
- Chinese honorific terms
- Literary Chinese terms with quotations
- zh:Christianity
- zh:Islam
- Chinese colloquialisms
- Chinese derogatory terms
- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- zh:Grammar
- Chinese short forms
- Chinese terms with historical senses
- Chinese surnames
- Chinese classifiers
- Mandarin classifiers
- Japanese Han characters
- Grade 3 kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading す
- Japanese kanji with historical goon reading す
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading しゅ
- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading しゆ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading あるじ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading おも
- Japanese kanji with kun reading ぬし
- Japanese kanji with kun reading つかさど-る
- Japanese terms spelled with 主 read as しゅ
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji
- Japanese terms written with one Han script character
- Japanese terms spelled with 主
- Japanese single-kanji terms
- Japanese proper nouns
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- Japanese terms spelled with 主 read as ぬし
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms spelled with 主 read as おも
- Japanese adjectives
- Japanese terms spelled with 主 read as あるじ
- ja:God
- Korean terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Middle Korean Han characters
- Korean lemmas
- Korean Han characters
- Vietnamese Han tu
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters
- Vietnamese Nom