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聞

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 闻, 間, and 閒
聞 U+805E, 聞
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-805E
← 聝
[U+805D] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 聟 →
[U+805F]

Translingual

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Japanese 聞
Simplified 闻
Traditional 聞
Stroke order
14 strokes
Stroke order (Japan)
14 strokes

Alternative forms

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This character has a slight difference between Chinese and Japanese forms.

  • In Chinese: 聞
  • in Japanese: 聞
  • in Korean: 聞

Han character

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聞 (Kangxi radical 128, 耳+8, 14 strokes, Cangjie input 日弓尸十 (ANSJ), four-corner 77401, composition ⿵門耳)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 968, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29104
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1418, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4294, character 12
  • Unihan data for U+805E

Chinese

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trad. 聞
simp. 闻
alternative forms 𦔵

Glyph origin

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This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term. Particularly: “ancient glyph form images”

Characters in the same phonetic series (門) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
蔄 *roːs, *mruːns
闅 *min, *mrɯn, *mɯn
閩 *mrɯn, *mɯn
蕄 *mɯːŋ, *mrɯːŋ
門 *mɯːn
捫 *mɯːn
悶 *mɯːns
聞 *mɯn, *mɯns
閿 *mɯn
問 *mɯns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *mɯn, *mɯns): phonetic 門 (OC *mɯːn) + semantic 耳 (“ear”). Compare 問 (OC *mɯns).

Etymology

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Schuessler derives this from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *mnəm (“to smell”), whence Tibetan མནམ་པ (mnam pa, “to smell of”), Tibetan སྣོམ་པ (snom pa, “to smell”), Jingpho manam (mə³¹ nam⁵⁵, “smell”), Burmese နမ် (nam, “to smell”), Burmese နံ (nam, “to stink”) (Schuessler, 2007). It is very phonetically difficult, requiring an inversion of n and m in Chinese (which Schuessler attributes to labial dissimilation or prefix-preemption) in addition to rejecting the Baxter-Sagart reconstruction with a *u in favour of reconstructing *ə instead (*u and *ə are difficult to distinguish before *-n). The reconstruction with *u is solidified by rhyming patterns in the Classic of Poetry, making Schuessler's etymology impossible.

In almost all major Tibeto-Burman languages, this etymon means only "to smell". Schuessler explains the application of "to hear" in Chinese via various influences. He sees a parallel in Tibeto-Burman *na "ear ~ nose" and hence perhaps in Sino-Tibetan (see *r/g-na (“ear”)). The Chinese stem may have converged with a Mon-Khmer etymon (cf. Proto-Monic *smaaɲ (“to inquire”) (ibid.). Schuessler also notes Tibetan མཉན་པ (mnyan pa, “to listen to; to hear”), which he deems phonologically quite close to Chinese.

Pronunciation 2 ("be heard about; renowned; fame") is a derivation of pronunciation 1, with passive suffix *-s (ibid.).

問 (OC *mɯns, “to ask”) is the exoactive derivation of pronunciation 1 with suffix *-s, literally "let (me) hear" (ibid.).

Pronunciation 1

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Note:
  • muei2/muai2/mui2 - vernacular;
  • mong2/muerng2/muong2 - literary.
Note:
  • mui5 - vernacular;
  • bhieng5 - literary.
Note:
  • men - colloquial;
  • ven - literary.
Rime
Character 聞
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 明 (4)
Final (韻) 文 (59)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 無分切
Baxter mjun
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/mɨun/
Pan
Wuyun 		/miun/
Shao
Rongfen 		/miuən/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/mun/
Li
Rong 		/miuən/
Wang
Li 		/mĭuən/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/mi̯uən/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		wén
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		man4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 聞
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		wén
Middle
Chinese 		‹ mjun ›
Old
Chinese 		/*mu[n]/
English hear (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 聞
Reading # 1/2
No. 8963
Phonetic
component 		門
Rime
group 		文
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		文
Old
Chinese 		/*mɯn/

Definitions

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聞

  1. (literary or Jiangyong Tuhua) to hear; to listen
    百聞不如一見／百闻不如一见  ―  bǎi wén bùrú yī jiàn  ―  seeing is believing (literally, “hearing something one hundred times is not as good as seeing it once”)
  2. to smell; to detect; to get a sniff at
    聞味道／闻味道  ―  wén wèidào  ―  to smell the scent
    我乜嘢都聞唔到嘅？ [Cantonese, trad.]
    我乜嘢都闻唔到嘅？ [Cantonese, simp.]
    ngo5 mat1 je5 dou1 man4 m4 dou3 ge2? [Jyutping]
    Why don't I smell anything?
  3. (literary) to spread; to transmit
  4. (literary) to be famous
  5. knowledge; expertise
  6. news; message
    新聞／新闻  ―  xīnwén  ―  news
    奇聞／奇闻  ―  qíwén  ―  thrilling or fantastic story
  7. a surname
    聞一多／闻一多  ―  Wén Yīduō  ―  Wen Yiduo (Chinese poet)
Synonyms
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Dialectal synonyms of 聽 (“to hear; to listen”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 聞, 聽, 聆
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 聽
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 聽
Taiwan 聽
Malaysia 聽
Singapore 聽
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 聽
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 聽
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 聽
Wanrong 聽
Xi'an 聽
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 聽
Wuhan 聽
Guilin 聽
Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 聽
Hefei 聽
Cantonese Guangzhou 聽
Hong Kong 聽
Macau 聽
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 聽
Zhuhai (Doumen) 聽
Taishan 聽
Yangjiang 聽
Beihai 聽
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 聽
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 聽
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 聽
Danzhou 聽
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 聽
Singapore (Guangfu) 聽
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 聽
Móng Cái 聽
Gan Nanchang 聽
Lichuan 聽
Pingxiang 聽
Hakka Meixian 聽
Xingning 聽
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 聽
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 聽
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 知
Changting 知
Wuping 聽
Wuping (Pingyu) 聽
Liancheng 聽
Ninghua 聽
Ruijin 聽
Shicheng 知
Shangyou (Shexi) 聽
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 聽
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 聽
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 聽
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 聽
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 聽
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 聽
Kuching (Hepo) 聽
Huizhou Jixi 聽
Jin Taiyuan 聽
Northern Min Jian'ou 聽聆
Jian'ou (Dikou) 聽聆
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 聽
Pucheng (Shibei) 聽聆
Eastern Min Fuzhou 聽
Southern Min Xiamen 聽
Xiamen (Tong'an) 聽
Quanzhou 聽
Zhangzhou 聽
Zhao'an 聽
Taipei 聽 GT
Penang (Hokkien) 聽
Singapore (Hokkien) 聽
Manila (Hokkien) 聽
Chaozhou 聽
Shantou 聽
Jieyang 聽
Singapore (Teochew) 聽
Pontianak (Teochew) 聽
Leizhou 聽
Wenchang 聽
Haikou 聽
Qionghai 聽
Singapore (Hainanese) 聽
Puxian Min Putian 聽
Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) 聽
Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) 聽
Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) 聽
Xianyou 聽
Xianyou (Fengting) 聽
Xianyou (Youyang) 聽
Wu Shanghai 聽
Shanghai (Chongming) 聽
Suzhou 聽
Wuxi 聽
Danyang 聽
Wenzhou 聽
Lishui 聽
Jinhua 聽
Xiang Changsha 聽
Shuangfeng 聽
Xiangnan Tuhua Jiangyong 聞
Note GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)
Dialectal synonyms of 聞 (“to smell”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 聞, 嗅
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 聞, 嗅
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 聞
Taiwan 聞
Harbin 聞
Malaysia 嗅
Singapore 嗅, 聞
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 聞
Jinan 聞
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 聽
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 聞
Wanrong 聞
Xi'an 聞
Xining 聞
Xuzhou 聞
Lanyin Mandarin Ürümqi 聞
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 聞
Wuhan 聞
Guiyang 聞
Guilin 聞
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 聞
Yangzhou 聞
Hefei 聞
Cantonese Guangzhou 聞, 嗅
Hong Kong 聞
Taishan 聞
Dongguan 聞
Yangjiang 聞
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 聞
Singapore (Guangfu) 聞
Gan Nanchang 嗅
Lichuan 聽
Pingxiang 聽
Hakka Meixian 鼻
Xingning 鼻
Huidong (Daling) 鼻
Dongguan (Qingxi) 鼻, 聞
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 鼻
Wuhua (Huacheng) 鼻
Wuhua (Changbu) 鼻
Wuhua (Mianyang) 鼻
Heyuan (Bendihua) 嗅
Wengyuan 鼻
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 聞
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 鼻
Liannan 聞
Jiexi 鼻
Luhe 鼻
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 鼻
Changting 鼻
Wuping 鼻
Wuping (Yanqian) 鼻
Wuping (Pingyu) 鼻
Liancheng 鼻
Ninghua 鼻
Ningdu 鼻
Ruijin 鼻
Shicheng 嗅
Shangyou (Shexi) 嗅
Tonggu (Sandu) 嗅
Ganzhou (Panlong) 嗅
Dayu 嗅
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 鼻
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 鼻
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 鼻
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 鼻
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 鼻
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 鼻
Hong Kong 鼻
Mengshan (Xihe) 鼻
Luchuan 嗅
Senai (Huiyang) 鼻
Kuching (Hepo) 鼻
Jin Taiyuan 聞
Xinzhou 聞
Northern Min Jian'ou 鼻
Jian'ou (Dikou) 鼻
Songxi 鼻
Zhenghe 鼻
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 鼻
Jianyang 鼻
Wuyishan 鼻
Pucheng (Shibei) 鼻
Eastern Min Fuzhou 鼻
Fuzhou (Changle) 鼻
Fuqing 鼻
Yongtai 鼻
Gutian 嗅
Fu'an 嗅
Ningde 嗅
Shouning 嗅
Zhouning 嗅
Fuding 嗅
Matsu 鼻
Southern Min Xiamen 鼻
Xiamen (Tong'an) 鼻
Quanzhou 鼻
Yongchun 鼻
Zhangzhou 鼻
Zhao'an 鼻
Tainan 鼻
Penang (Hokkien) 味
Singapore (Hokkien) 鼻
Manila (Hokkien) 鼻
Medan (Hokkien) 味
Chaozhou 鼻
Shantou 鼻
Shantou (Chenghai) 鼻
Shantou (Chaoyang) 鼻
Jieyang 鼻
Haifeng 鼻
Bangkok (Teochew) 鼻
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 鼻
Singapore (Teochew) 鼻
Leizhou 鼻
Wenchang 鼻
Haikou 鼻
Singapore (Hainanese) 鼻
Puxian Min Putian 鼻
Xianyou 鼻
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 聞
Wu Shanghai 聞, 嗅 dated
Shanghai (Chongming) 聽
Suzhou 聞
Danyang 聞
Hangzhou 聞
Ningbo 嗅
Wenzhou 嗅, 聽
Lishui 聞
Jinhua 聞
Xiang Changsha 聞, 嗅
Loudi 聞
Shuangfeng 嗅
Xiangnan Tuhua Jiangyong 聞

Compounds

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Pronunciation 2

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Rime
Character 聞
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 明 (4)
Final (韻) 文 (59)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 亡運切
Baxter mjunH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/mɨunH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/miunH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/miuənH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/munH/
Li
Rong 		/miuənH/
Wang
Li 		/mĭuənH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/mi̯uənH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		wèn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		man6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 聞
Reading # 2/2
No. 8968
Phonetic
component 		門
Rime
group 		文
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		問
Old
Chinese 		/*mɯns/

Definitions

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聞

  1. (literary) reputation; renown; prestige
  2. (literary) famous; renowned

Compounds

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Japanese

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Kanji

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聞

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. to hear
  2. to ask

Readings

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  • Go-on: もん (mon, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: ぶん (bun, Jōyō)
  • Kun: きく (kiku, 聞く, Jōyō)、きこえる (kikoeru, 聞こえる, Jōyō)、きこえ (kikoe)

Compounds

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Etymology

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Kanji in this term
聞
ぶん
Grade: 2
kan'on

From Middle Chinese 聞 (MC mjun|mjunH).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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聞(ぶん) • (bun) 

  1. the act of hearing something

Korean

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Hanja

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聞 (eumhun 들을 문 (deureul mun))

  1. hanja form? of 문 (“hear”)

Compounds

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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聞: Hán Nôm readings: văn, vẳn

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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