友

友 U+53CB, 友 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-53CB ← 及 [U+53CA] CJK Unified Ideographs 双 → [U+53CC]

Translingual

Stroke order

Stroke order

Han character

友 (radical 29 又+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 大水 (KE), four-corner 4004₇, composition ⿸𠂇又)

References

• KangXi: page 165, character 6
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3119
• Dae Jaweon: page 374, character 18
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 391, character 1
• Unihan data for U+53CB

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		友

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 友
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Large seal script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (又) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
絠	*kɯːʔ
醢	*qʰɯːʔ
珛	*qʰʷɯs
栯	*ɢʷɯʔ, *qʷɯ
有	*ɢʷɯʔ
友	*ɢʷɯʔ
右	*ɢʷɯʔ, *ɢʷɯs
宥	*ɢʷɯs
囿	*ɢʷɯs, *ɡʷɯ
侑	*ɢʷɯs
酭	*ɢʷɯs
姷	*ɢʷɯs
又	*ɢʷɯs
佑	*ɢʷɯs
祐	*ɢʷɯs
賄	*qʰʷɯːʔ
蛕	*qʰʷɯːʔ, *ɡʷɯː
烠	*ɡʷɯː
倄	*ɢraːw, *ɢʷɯːʔ
鮪	*ɢʷɯʔ
洧	*ɢʷɯʔ
痏	*ɢʷɯʔ
郁	*qʷɯ
戫	*qʷɯ
哊	*ɡʷɯ

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 又 (“hand”) + 又 (“hand”) – two hands meeting in friendship. Also phono-semantic (形聲), from 又 (OC *ɢʷɯs).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yǒu (you³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄡˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jau⁵, jau^5-2
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yû
• Min Dong (BUC): iū
• Min Nan (POJ): iú
• Wu (Wiktionary): hhieu (T3)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: yǒu
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄡˇ
    • Wade-Giles: yu³
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeou
    • IPA ^(key): /i̯oʊ̯²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: jau⁵, jau^5-2
    • Yale: yáuh, yáu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jau⁵, jau^5-2
    • Guangdong Romanization: yeo⁵, yeo²
    • IPA ^(key): /jɐu̯¹³/, /jɐu̯¹³⁻³⁵/

Note:

• jau5-2 - “guy; bloke”.

• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yû
    • Hakka Romanization System: iu´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yiu¹
    • IPA: /i̯u²⁴/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yû
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)iu´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yiu¹
    • IPA: /(j)i̯u²⁴/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: iū
    • IPA ^(key): /ieu³³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iú
    • Tâi-lô: iú
    • Phofsit Daibuun: iuo
    • IPA (Xiamen): /iu⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /iu⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /iu⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /iu⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /iu⁴¹/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: hhieu (T3)
    • IPA ^(key): /ɦiɜ²³/

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• Middle Chinese: /ɦɨu^X/▼

Rime
Character	友
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	云 (35)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	云久切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦɨuX/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦiuX/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣiəuX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦuwX/
Li Rong	/ɣiuX/
Wang Li	/ɣĭəuX/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯ə̯uX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yǒu

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter-Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷəʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷɯʔ/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	友
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yǒu
Middle Chinese	‹ hjuwX ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷəʔ/
English	friend
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	友
Reading #	1/1
No.	15596
Phonetic component	又
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	有
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷɯʔ/

Definitions

友

1. friend; companion
2. fraternity
3. (Cantonese, colloquial, slightly impolite) guy; bloke (Classifier: 條／条; 班)

   西裝友 / 西装友 [Cantonese]  ―  sai¹ zong¹ jau^5-2 [Jyutping]  ―  guy in a suit

4. A surname​.

Compounds

Derived terms from 友

• 三五好友
• 三友 (sānyǒu)
• 三朋四友
• 交友 (jiāoyǒu)
• 以文會友／以文会友
• 佞徒損友／佞徒损友
• 僚友
• 兄友弟恭 (xiōngyǒudìgōng)
• 化敵為友／化敌为友
• 友于
• 友人 (yǒurén)
• 友善 (yǒushàn)
• 友好 (yǒuhǎo)
• 友好條約／友好条约
• 友婿
• 友情 (yǒuqíng)
• 友愛／友爱 (yǒu'ài)
• 友生
• 友誼／友谊 (yǒuyì)
• 友誼商店／友谊商店 (yǒuyì shāngdiàn)
• 友誼賽／友谊赛
• 友軍／友军
• 友邦 (yǒubāng)
• 友風子雨／友风子雨
• 取友
• 同窗契友
• 同門友／同门友
• 嘉祐四友
• 嚶鳴求友／嘤鸣求友
• 土網友／土网友
• 執友／执友
• 夠朋友／够朋友 (gòu péngyou)
• 契友
• 奔走之友
• 女友 (nǚyǒu)
• 好友 (hǎoyǒu)
• 好朋友 (hǎopéngyou)
• 婚友介紹／婚友介绍
• 婚友社
• 嫖友 (piáoyǒu)
• 孝友
• 學友／学友
• 室友 (shìyǒu)
• 密友 (mìyǒu)
• 小友
• 尚友
• 山友 (shānyǒu)
• 工友 (gōngyǒu)
• 師友／师友

• 幕友
• 影友會／影友会
• 徵友／征友
• 戰友／战友 (zhànyǒu)
• 探友
• 損友／损友
• 損者三友／损者三友
• 摯友／挚友 (zhìyǒu)
• 擇交而友／择交而友
• 擇友／择友
• 故友 (gùyǒu)
• 教友
• 敝友
• 昵友
• 普天共友
• 會友／会友 (huìyǒu)
• 朋友 (péngyou)
• 朋友有舊／朋友有旧
• 校友 (xiàoyǒu)
• 校友會／校友会
• 歌友會／歌友会
• 歲寒三友／岁寒三友 (suìhánsānyǒu)
• 死友
• 求其友聲／求其友声
• 求親告友／求亲告友
• 涼友／凉友
• 燮友
• 爭友／争友
• 牌友
• 狂朋怪友
• 狐朋狗友
• 玉友
• 玉昆金友
• 男朋友 (nánpéngyou)
• 畏友 (wèiyǒu)
• 發燒友／发烧友 (fāshāoyǒu)
• 益友
• 益者三友
• 盟友 (méngyǒu)
• 知友
• 石友
• 硯友／砚友
• 票友
• 窗友
• 站友
• 竟陵八友
• 竹馬之友／竹马之友
• 筆友／笔友 (bǐyǒu)

• 素友
• 結友／结友
• 網友／网友 (wǎngyǒu)
• 網路筆友／网路笔友
• 線上交友／线上交友
• 老友 (lǎoyǒu)
• 老朋友 (lǎopéngyou)
• 聽友／听友
• 股友社
• 背主賣友／背主卖友
• 腹心之友
• 膩友／腻友
• 至交契友
• 至友 (zhìyǒu)
• 至親好友／至亲好友
• 舊友／旧友 (jiùyǒu)
• 良友 (liángyǒu)
• 良師益友／良师益友
• 良朋益友
• 莫逆之友
• 血友病 (xuèyǒubìng)
• 見色忘友／见色忘友
• 親友／亲友 (qīnyǒu)
• 親朋好友／亲朋好友 (qīnpénghǎoyǒu)
• 訪友／访友
• 詩朋酒友／诗朋酒友
• 諍友／诤友
• 讀友／读友
• 豬朋狗友／猪朋狗友
• 賓友／宾友
• 賣友／卖友
• 賣友求榮／卖友求荣 (màiyǒuqiúróng)
• 農友／农友
• 道友
• 酈寄賣友／郦寄卖友
• 酒友
• 酒肉朋友 (jiǔròu-péngyou)
• 重色輕友／重色轻友 (zhòngsèqīngyǒu)
• 金友玉昆
• 釣友／钓友
• 閨中密友／闺中密友 (guīzhōng mìyǒu)
• 閨友／闺友
• 隊友／队友
• 難友／难友 (nànyǒu)
• 電腦擇友／电脑择友
• 鳳友／凤友
• 鳳友鸞交／凤友鸾交
• 龍鬚友／龙须友

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Japanese

Kanji

友

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. friend

Readings

• Goon: う (u)
• Kan’on: ゆう (yū, Jōyō)^{←いう (iu, historical)}
• Kun: とも (tomo, 友, Jōyō)

Noun

友 (hiragana とも, rōmaji tomo)

1. friend; pal

Proper noun

友 (hiragana ゆう, rōmaji Yū)

1. A male given name

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Korean

Hanja

友 • (u)

• Eumhun:
  • Sound (hangeul): 우 (revised: u, McCune-Reischauer: u, Yale: wu)
  • Name (hangeul): 벗

1. friend, companion

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Vietnamese

Han character

友 (hữu)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.