友

友 U+53CB, 友 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-53CB ← 及 [U+53CA] CJK Unified Ideographs 双 → [U+53CC]

Translingual

Stroke order

Stroke order

Han character

友 (radical 29 又+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 大水 (KE), four-corner 4004₇, composition ⿸𠂇又)

References

• KangXi: page 165, character 6
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3119
• Dae Jaweon: page 374, character 18
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 391, character 1
• Unihan data for U+53CB

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		友

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 友
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (又) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
絠	*kɯːʔ
醢	*qʰɯːʔ
珛	*qʰʷɯs
栯	*ɢʷɯʔ, *qʷɯ
有	*ɢʷɯʔ
友	*ɢʷɯʔ
右	*ɢʷɯʔ, *ɢʷɯs
宥	*ɢʷɯs
囿	*ɢʷɯs, *ɡʷɯ
侑	*ɢʷɯs
酭	*ɢʷɯs
姷	*ɢʷɯs
又	*ɢʷɯs
佑	*ɢʷɯs
祐	*ɢʷɯs
賄	*qʰʷɯːʔ
蛕	*qʰʷɯːʔ, *ɡʷɯː
烠	*ɡʷɯː
倄	*ɢraːw, *ɢʷɯːʔ
鮪	*ɢʷɯʔ
洧	*ɢʷɯʔ
痏	*ɢʷɯʔ
郁	*qʷɯ
戫	*qʷɯ
哊	*ɡʷɯ

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 又 (“hand”) + 又 (“hand”) – two hands meeting in friendship. Also phono-semantic (形聲), from 又 (OC *ɢʷɯs).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yǒu (you³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄡˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jau⁵, jau^5-2
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yû
• Min Dong (BUC): iū
• Min Nan (POJ): iú
• Wu (Wiktionary): hhieu (T3)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: yǒu
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄡˇ
    • Wade-Giles: yu³
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeou
    • IPA ^(key): /i̯oʊ̯²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: jau⁵, jau^5-2
    • Yale: yáuh, yáu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jau⁵, jau^5-2
    • Guangdong Romanization: yeo⁵, yeo²
    • IPA ^(key): /jɐu̯¹³/, /jɐu̯¹³⁻³⁵/

Note:

• jau5-2 - “guy; bloke”.

• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yû
    • Hakka Romanization System: iu´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yiu¹
    • IPA: /i̯u²⁴/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yû
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)iu´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yiu¹
    • IPA: /(j)i̯u²⁴/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: iū
    • IPA ^(key): /ieu³³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iú
    • Tâi-lô: iú
    • Phofsit Daibuun: iuo
    • IPA (Xiamen): /iu⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /iu⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /iu⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /iu⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /iu⁴¹/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: hhieu (T3)
    • IPA ^(key): /ɦiɜ²³/

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• Middle Chinese: /ɦɨu^X/▼

Rime
Character	友
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	云 (35)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	云久切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦɨuX/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦiuX/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣiəuX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦuwX/
Li Rong	/ɣiuX/
Wang Li	/ɣĭəuX/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯ə̯uX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yǒu

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter-Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷəʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷɯʔ/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	友
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yǒu
Middle Chinese	‹ hjuwX ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷəʔ/
English	friend
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	友
Reading #	1/1
No.	15596
Phonetic component	又
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	有
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷɯʔ/

Definitions

友

1. friend; companion
2. fraternity
3. (Cantonese, colloquial, slightly impolite) guy; bloke (Classifier: 條／条; 班)

   西裝友 / 西装友 [Cantonese]  ―  sai¹ zong¹ jau^5-2 [Jyutping]  ―  guy in a suit

4. A surname​.

Compounds

Derived terms from 友

• 三五好友
• 三友 (sānyǒu)
• 三朋四友
• 交友 (jiāoyǒu)
• 以文會友／以文会友
• 佞徒損友／佞徒损友
• 僚友
• 兄友弟恭 (xiōngyǒudìgōng)
• 化敵為友／化敌为友
• 友于
• 友人 (yǒurén)
• 友善 (yǒushàn)
• 友好 (yǒuhǎo)
• 友好條約／友好条约
• 友婿
• 友情 (yǒuqíng)
• 友愛／友爱 (yǒu'ài)
• 友生
• 友誼／友谊 (yǒuyì)
• 友誼商店／友谊商店 (yǒuyì shāngdiàn)
• 友誼賽／友谊赛
• 友軍／友军
• 友邦 (yǒubāng)
• 友風子雨／友风子雨
• 取友
• 同窗契友
• 同門友／同门友
• 嘉祐四友
• 嚶鳴求友／嘤鸣求友
• 土網友／土网友
• 執友／执友
• 夠朋友／够朋友 (gòu péngyou)
• 契友
• 奔走之友
• 女友 (nǚyǒu)
• 好友 (hǎoyǒu)
• 好朋友 (hǎopéngyou)
• 婚友介紹／婚友介绍
• 婚友社
• 嫖友 (piáoyǒu)
• 孝友
• 學友／学友
• 室友 (shìyǒu)
• 密友 (mìyǒu)
• 小友
• 尚友
• 山友 (shānyǒu)
• 工友 (gōngyǒu)
• 師友／师友

• 幕友
• 影友會／影友会
• 徵友／征友
• 戰友／战友 (zhànyǒu)
• 探友
• 損友／损友
• 損者三友／损者三友
• 摯友／挚友 (zhìyǒu)
• 擇交而友／择交而友
• 擇友／择友
• 故友 (gùyǒu)
• 教友
• 敝友
• 昵友
• 普天共友
• 會友／会友 (huìyǒu)
• 朋友 (péngyou)
• 朋友有舊／朋友有旧
• 校友 (xiàoyǒu)
• 校友會／校友会
• 歌友會／歌友会
• 歲寒三友／岁寒三友 (suìhánsānyǒu)
• 死友
• 求其友聲／求其友声
• 求親告友／求亲告友
• 涼友／凉友
• 燮友
• 爭友／争友
• 牌友
• 狂朋怪友
• 狐朋狗友 (húpénggǒuyǒu)
• 玉友
• 玉昆金友
• 男朋友 (nánpéngyou)
• 畏友 (wèiyǒu)
• 發燒友／发烧友 (fāshāoyǒu)
• 益友 (yìyǒu)
• 益者三友
• 盟友 (méngyǒu)
• 知友
• 石友
• 硯友／砚友
• 票友 (piàoyǒu)
• 窗友
• 站友
• 竟陵八友
• 竹馬之友／竹马之友
• 筆友／笔友 (bǐyǒu)

• 素友
• 結友／结友
• 網友／网友 (wǎngyǒu)
• 網路筆友／网路笔友
• 線上交友／线上交友
• 老友 (lǎoyǒu)
• 老朋友 (lǎopéngyou)
• 聽友／听友
• 股友社
• 背主賣友／背主卖友
• 腹心之友
• 膩友／腻友
• 至交契友
• 至友 (zhìyǒu)
• 至親好友／至亲好友
• 舊友／旧友 (jiùyǒu)
• 良友 (liángyǒu)
• 良師益友／良师益友
• 良朋益友
• 莫逆之友
• 血友病 (xuèyǒubìng)
• 見色忘友／见色忘友
• 親友／亲友 (qīnyǒu)
• 親朋好友／亲朋好友 (qīnpénghǎoyǒu)
• 訪友／访友
• 詩朋酒友／诗朋酒友
• 諍友／诤友
• 讀友／读友
• 豬朋狗友／猪朋狗友
• 賓友／宾友
• 賣友／卖友
• 賣友求榮／卖友求荣 (màiyǒuqiúróng)
• 農友／农友
• 道友
• 酈寄賣友／郦寄卖友
• 酒友
• 酒肉朋友 (jiǔròu-péngyou)
• 重色輕友／重色轻友 (zhòngsèqīngyǒu)
• 金友玉昆
• 釣友／钓友
• 閨中密友／闺中密友 (guīzhōng mìyǒu)
• 閨友／闺友
• 隊友／队友
• 難友／难友 (nànyǒu)
• 電腦擇友／电脑择友
• 鳳友／凤友
• 鳳友鸞交／凤友鸾交
• 龍鬚友／龙须友

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Japanese

Kanji

友

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. friend

Readings

• Goon: う (u)
• Kan’on: ゆう (yū, Jōyō)^{←いう (iu, historical)}
• Kun: とも (tomo, 友, Jōyō)

Noun

友 (hiragana とも, rōmaji tomo)

1. friend; pal

   好敵手 (とも)の記 (き)憶 (おく)

   Tomo no Kioku

   Memory of a Frenemy

Proper noun

友 (hiragana ゆう, rōmaji Yū)

1. A male given name

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Korean

Hanja

友 • (u)

• Eumhun:
  • Sound (hangeul): 우 (revised: u, McCune-Reischauer: u, Yale: wu)
  • Name (hangeul): 벗

1. friend, companion

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Vietnamese

Han character

友 (hữu)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.