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舟

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
舟 U+821F, 舟
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-821F
← 舞
[U+821E] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 舠 →
[U+8220]

⾈ U+2F88, ⾈
KANGXI RADICAL BOAT
← ⾇
[U+2F87] 		Kangxi Radicals ⾉ →
[U+2F89]

Translingual

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Stroke order

Alternative forms

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  • In Chinese, the stroke at the bottom is written as a dot, ㇔.
  • In Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese, the stroke at the bottom is written as a line, ㇑, as found in the Kangxi dictionary.

Han character

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See images of
Radical 137 舟

舟 (Kangxi radical 137, 舟+0, 6 strokes, Cangjie input 竹月卜戈 (HBYI), four-corner 27440, composition ⿻𠔾⺀ or ⿻𠔾⿱丶丨)

  1. Kangxi radical #137, ⾈.

Derived characters

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See also

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1008, character 24
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30350
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1466, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3055, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+821F

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 舟
2nd round simp. 𠔾
alternative forms 𣍝

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 舟
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (舟) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
鵃 *rtɯːw, *rtɯːw, *tjiw
輈 *tɯw
侜 *tɯw
矪 *tɯw
舟 *tjɯw

Pictogram (象形) – a boat.

Later sometimes written as 月, 肉 or 凡 in components.

Etymology

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According to Schuessler (2007), a loan from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɗuuk ~ *ɗuk (“boat, canoe”), whence Khmer ទូក (tuuk) and Vietnamese nốc (< Proto-Vietic *ɗoːk (“boat”)). Foreign closed syllables having a long main vowel often correspond to open syllables in Old Chinese.

Possibly cognate of 輈 (OC *tɯw, “trunk, pole”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Yang Xiong's Fangyan says that Old Chinese 舟 (OC *tjɯw) is common in central and eastern China, while its synonym 船 (OC *ɦljon) is used in western China.

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 舟
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 尤 (136)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 職流切
Baxter tsyuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡ɕɨu/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡ɕiu/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡ɕiəu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/cuw/
Li
Rong 		/t͡ɕiu/
Wang
Li 		/t͡ɕĭəu/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/t͡ɕi̯ə̯u/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zhōu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zau1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 舟
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zhōu
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsyuw ›
Old
Chinese 		/*tu/
English boat

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 舟
Reading # 1/1
No. 17504
Phonetic
component 		舟
Rime
group 		幽
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		周
Old
Chinese 		/*tjɯw/

Definitions

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舟

  1. (literary) boat (Classifier: 葉／叶; 艘; 條／条; 隻／只)
    同舟共濟／同舟共济  ―  tóngzhōugòngjì  ―  to pull together in times of trouble (literally, “to cross a river in the same boat”)
  2. (obsolete) to ride in a boat; to sail a boat
  3. a surname

Synonyms

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  • (boat):
Dialectal synonyms of 船 (“watercraft; vessel”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 舟, 船
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 船, 船隻
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 船
Taiwan 船
Chengde 船
Chifeng 船
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 船
Heihe 船
Qiqihar 船
Harbin 船
Jiamusi 船
Baicheng 船
Changchun 船
Tonghua 船
Shenyang 船
Jinzhou 船
Malaysia 船
Singapore 船
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 船
Tangshan 船
Cangzhou 船
Baoding 船
Shijiazhuang 船
Lijin 船
Jinan 船
Jiaoliao Mandarin Dalian 船
Dandong 船
Yantai 船
Qingdao 船
Zhucheng 船
Central Plains Mandarin Lingbao 船
Jining 船
Linfen 船
Shangqiu 船
Yuanyang 船
Zhengzhou 船
Xinyang 船
Baihe 船
Xi'an 船
Baoji 船
Tianshui 船
Xining 船
Dunhuang (Hedong dialect) 船
Xuzhou 船
Fuyang 船
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 船
Lanzhou 船
Hami 船
Ürümqi 船
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 船
Nanchong 船
Dazhou 船
Hanyuan 船
Xichang 船
Zigong 船
Chongqing 船
Wuhan 船
Yichang 船
Xiangyang 船
Tianmen 船
Zunyi 船
Bijie 船
Liping 船
Zhaotong 船
Dali 船
Kunming 船
Mengzi 船
Guilin 船
Liuzhou 船
Nanning (Wuming) 船
Jishou 船
Changde 船
Hanzhong 船
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 船
Yangzhou 船
Lianyungang 船
Lianshui 船
Nantong 船
Anqing 船
Wuhu 船
Hefei 船
Hong'an 船
Cantonese Guangzhou 船
Hong Kong 船
Yangjiang 船
Sanya (Yanglan; Maihua) 船
Singapore (Guangfu) 船
Gan Nanchang 船
Hakka Meixian 船, 船仔
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 船仔
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 船仔
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 船仔
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 船
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 船
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 船
Kuching (Hepo) 船
Huizhou Shexian 船
Jin Taiyuan 船
Yangyuan 船
Datong 船
Xinzhou 船
Lüliang (Lishi) 船
Changzhi 船
Linhe 船
Jining 船
Hohhot 船
Erenhot 船
Pingshan 船
Zhangjiakou 船
Handan 船
Linzhou 船
Suide 船
Northern Min Jian'ou 船
Eastern Min Fuzhou 船
Southern Min Xiamen 船
Quanzhou 船
Jinjiang 船
Zhangzhou 船
Zhao'an 船
Taipei 船
New Taipei (Tamsui) 船
New Taipei (Sanxia) 船
New Taipei (Pingxi) 船
Kaohsiung 船
Kaohsiung (Cijin) 船
Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) 船
Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) 船
Kaohsiung (Tianliao) 船
Yilan (Toucheng) 船
Tainan 船仔
Tainan (Anping) 船
Kinmen 船
Penghu (Magong) 船
Penghu (Xiyu) 船
Penang (Hokkien) 船
Singapore (Hokkien) 船
Manila (Hokkien) 船
Chaozhou 船
Wu Shanghai 船
Suzhou 船
Wenzhou 船
Xiang Changsha 船
Xiangxiang 船
Shuangfeng 船

Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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舟

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. boat, ship, small ship

Readings

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  • Go-on: しゅ (shu)
  • Kan-on: しゅう (shū, Jōyō)
  • Kun: ふね (fune, 舟, Jōyō)、ふな (funa, 舟, Jōyō †)

Etymology 1

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Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
Kanji in this term
舟
ふね
Grade: S
kun'yomi


For pronunciation and definitions of 舟 – see the following entry.
【ふね】
[noun] 船, 舟: [from 712] a boat:
[noun] [from 712] a boat, ship, small ship
[noun] 船, 舟, 槽: [from 712] a box for storing:
[noun] 船, 舟: [from 712] a container used for storing liquids such as water and sake
[noun] 船, 舟: [unknown] a box used for pressing sake and soy sauce
[noun] 船, 舟, 槽: [from c. 934] a horse trough
[noun] 船, 舟: [from c. 1797] a coffin
[noun] 船, 舟: [unknown] the base of a shallow container that fish, shellfish, and sashimi is sold out of
[noun] 船, 舟: [from 1840] a box used to store candy
[noun] 船, 舟: [from mid. Edo period] an 桶 (oke) used to store rice and grains
[noun] 船, 舟: [from 1463] a container for storing bonsai trees and other objects
[noun] 船, 舟: [unknown] a treasure ship
[noun] 船, 舟: [from 1829] abbreviation of 引船 (hikifune, “a tugboat”); seating at a theatre that directly faces the stage
[noun] This term needs a translation to English.
[noun] 船, 舟: [from 1786] synonym of 船饅頭 (funamanjū, “a prostitute who worked from a boat on the river Sumida”)
[counter] 船, 舟, 槽: items in a box-shaped container
Alternative spellings
船, 槽
(This term, 舟, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
舟
ふな
Grade: S
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 舟 – see the following entry.
【ふな】
[noun] 船, 舟: a boat:
[noun] a boat, ship, small ship
Alternative spelling
船
(This term, 舟, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References

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Korean

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Hanja

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舟 (eum 주 (ju))

  1. boat, ship
  2. KangXi radical 137

Vietnamese

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Han character

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舟: Hán Nôm readings: chu, châu

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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