班

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班 U+73ED, 班
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-73ED
← 珬
[U+73EC] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 珮 →
[U+73EE]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
10 strokes

Han character[edit]

班 (Kangxi radical 96, 玉+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 一土戈中土 (MGILG), four-corner 11114, composition ⿲𤣩刂王 or ⿴玨刂)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 731, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20976
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1142, character 29
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1113, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+73ED

Chinese[edit]

trad. 班
simp. # 班
alternative forms 𤤻
𤦦
𣪂
𤼬

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 班
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (班) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
班 *praːn
斑 *praːn

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 玨 (“two jade”) + 刀 (“knife”) – to cut jade to pieces with knife.

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(b/p)ral (“to leave, depart, separate”) (STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan བྲལ་བ་ (bral ba, “to be separated”), [script needed] ('phral.ba, “to cause to be separated, to separate”), Miju phɑ̆l⁵³ (“to pull (weeds)”), phɹɯl⁵⁵ lɑ³⁵ (“to collapse”), Thulung phal si- (“to collapse”), Burmese ပြား (pra:, “various”), Jingpho pə³¹-ran³¹.

Karlgren (1933) grouped 班 (OC *praːn), 半 (OC *paːns), and 釆 (OC *brens) into one word family.

Schuessler (2007) also pointed to Austroasiatic comparanda semantically closer to Chinese; such as Khmer រាល (riəl, “to spread, extend, distribute”) and Khmer ព្រាល (priəl, “to spread”) with causative prefix *p-.

Possibly the same etymon as 斑 (OC *praːn, “variegated, spotted, striped”), which may be cognate to 羆 (OC *pral, “brown bear”) (Zhang, 2019).

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 班
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 刪 (69)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 布還切
Baxter paen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/pˠan/
Pan
Wuyun 		/pᵚan/
Shao
Rongfen 		/pɐn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/paɨn/
Li
Rong 		/pan/
Wang
Li 		/pan/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/pan/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		bān
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		baan1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 班
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		bān
Middle
Chinese 		‹ pæn ›
Old
Chinese 		/*pˁ<r>an/
English divide, distribute

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 班
Reading # 1/1
No. 224
Phonetic
component 		班
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		班
Old
Chinese 		/*praːn/

Definitions[edit]

班

  1. group; party; class
  2. (military) squad
  3. shift; work shift
  4. Classifier for a group of people.
  5. Classifier for scheduled forms of transportation, such as flights and trains.
  6. Alternative form of 斑 (bān, “spotted; striped”)
  7. a surname
    班固  ―  Bān Gù  ―  Ban Gu (historian)

Usage notes[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Sino-Xenic (班):
  • → Japanese: 班(はん) (han)
  • → Korean: 반(班) (ban)
  • → Vietnamese: ban (班)

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Shinjitai 班
Kyūjitai
[1]
班󠄁
班+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
班󠄃
班+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji[edit]

班

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. group, party, section

Readings[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Suffix[edit]

班(はん) • (-han) 

  1. group, party
  2. (military) section

References[edit]

  1. ^ 1914, 漢和大辭書 (Kanwa Dai Jisho, “The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 1431 (paper), page 766 (digital), Tōkyō: 興文社 (Kōbunsha)
  2. ^ 2011, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Seventh Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

班 (eumhun 나눌 반 (nanul ban))

  1. Hanja form? of 반 (“group; class”).

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

班: Hán Nôm readings: ban, băn

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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