葬

See also: 塟

葬 U+846C, 葬 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-846C ← 葫 [U+846B] CJK Unified Ideographs 葭 → [U+846D]

Translingual

Han character

葬 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+9, 12 strokes, Cangjie input 廿一心廿 (TMPT), four-corner 4444₁, composition ⿳艹死廾)

Derived characters

• 髒, 𠿺, 𩦦

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1046, character 5
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31448
• Dae Jaweon: page 1507, character 9
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3246, character 2
• Unihan data for U+846C

Chinese

trad.		葬
simp. #		葬
alternative forms		塟／葬 𦵏 𦽱 ancient 𧂥 ancient 𦿑 ancient 塟／葬 𦵏 𦽱 ancient 𧂥 ancient 𦿑 ancient 𦱼 ancient 𦴓 ancient

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 葬
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (葬) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
髒	*ʔsaːŋʔ
葬	*ʔsaːŋs

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 茻 (“grass”) + 死 (“dead person”) – bury the dead 死 in the grass 茻. Top is now grass radical (艹), while bottom is simplified to 廾, hence graphically 艹 + 死 + 廾.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tsaŋ (“to conceal”). Cognate to Tibetan གསང (gsang).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): zàng (zang⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄤˋ

  (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): zāng

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zong³

  (Dongguan, Jyutping++): zong³

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): dong¹

• Gan (Wiktionary): zong⁴
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chong

  (Hailu, HRS): zong^ˇ

  (Meixian, Guangdong): zong⁴

  (Changting, Changting Pinyin): zông⁴

• Jin (Wiktionary): zon³
• Northern Min (KCR): co̤̿ng
• Eastern Min (BUC): cáung
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zorng⁴
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chòng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zeng³

  (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): zang³

• Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): zaang³
• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁵tsaon / ⁵tsan
  • (Jinhua): ⁵tsaon
• Xiang

  (Changsha, Wiktionary): zan⁴

  (Loudi, Wiktionary): zong⁴

  (Hengyang, Wiktionary): zuan⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zàng
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄤˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zàng
    • Wade–Giles: tsang⁴
    • Yale: dzàng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzanq
    • Palladius: цзан (czan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɑŋ⁵¹/
  • (Xi'an)
    • Guanzhong Pinyin: zāng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zong³
    • Yale: jong
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzong³
    • Guangdong Romanization: zong³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔːŋ³³/
  • (Dongguan, Guancheng)
    • Jyutping++: zong³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔŋ³²/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: dong¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɔŋ³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: zong⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔŋ³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chong
    • Hakka Romanization System: zong
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zong⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡soŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: zong^ˇ
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡soŋ¹¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: zong⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sɔŋ⁵³/
  • (Changting)
    • Changting Pinyin: zông⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sɔŋ⁵⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: zon³
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sɒ̃⁴⁵/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: co̤̿ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔŋ³³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cáung
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɑuŋ²¹³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou, Youyang)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zorng⁴
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: co̤̍ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɒŋ⁴²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chòng
    • Tâi-lô: tsòng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zoxng
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sɔŋ²¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɔŋ⁴¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔŋ²¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /t͡sɔŋ¹¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sɔŋ²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zeng³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsṳ̀ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɯŋ²¹³/
  • (Leizhou)
    • Leizhou Pinyin: zang³
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡saŋ²¹/
• Southern Pinghua
  • (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
    • Jyutping++: zaang³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saŋ⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading, Songjiang, Chongming, Suzhou, Jiaxing, Shaoxing, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
    • Wugniu: ⁵tsaon
    • MiniDict: tsaon^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tsaan
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sɑ̃³⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Jiading): /t͡sɑ̃³⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /t͡sɒ̃³⁵/
    • Sinological IPA (Chongming): /t͡sɑ̃³³/
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡sɑ̃⁵²³/
    • Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /t͡sɑ̃³³⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /t͡sɒŋ³³/
    • Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /t͡sɔ̃⁵⁵/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /t͡sɔ⁴⁴/
  • (Northern: Changzhou, Hangzhou)
    • Wugniu: ⁵tsan
    • MiniDict: tsan^去
    • Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /t͡saŋ⁵²³/
    • Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /t͡sɑŋ⁴⁵/
  • (Jinhua)
    • Wugniu: ⁵tsaon
    • Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /t͡sɑŋ⁵⁵/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: zan⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡san⁴⁵/
  • (Loudi)
    • Wiktionary: zong⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔŋ³⁵/
  • (Hengyang)
    • Wiktionary: zuan⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡su̯an³²⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: tsangH

Rime
Character	葬
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	唐 (101)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	則浪切
Baxter	tsangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sɑŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sɑŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sɑŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡saŋH/
Li Rong	/t͡sɑŋH/
Wang Li	/t͡sɑŋH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡sɑŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zàng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zong3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ˤaŋ-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsaːŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	葬
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zàng
Middle Chinese	‹ tsangH ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]ˁaŋ-s/
English	bury
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	葬
Reading #	1/1
No.	16545
Phonetic component	葬
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	葬
Old Chinese	/*ʔsaːŋs/

Definitions

葬

1. to bury (the dead); to inter

   葬身  ―  zàngshēn  ―  to be buried

   葬花詞／葬花词  ―  Zàng Huā Cí  ―  Poem of Burying Flowers (a poem in Dream of the Red Chamber)

   佢老豆葬咗喺和合石。 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]

   keoi⁵ lou⁵ dau⁶ zong³ zo² hai² wo⁴ hap⁶ sek⁶. [Jyutping]

   His father is buried in Wo Hop Shek Cemetery.

   • 子曰：「生事之以禮；死葬之以禮，祭之以禮。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     子曰：「生事之以礼；死葬之以礼，祭之以礼。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Zǐ yuē: “Shēng shì zhī yǐ lǐ; sǐ zàng zhī yǐ lǐ, jì zhī yǐ lǐ.” [Pinyin]

     The Master replied, "That parents, when alive, be served according to propriety; that, when dead, they should be buried according to propriety; and that they should be sacrificed to according to propriety."

   • 以色列人將他葬在他地業的境內，就是在以法蓮山地的亭拿西拉，在迦實山的北邊。 [MSC, trad.]
     以色列人将他葬在他地业的境内，就是在以法莲山地的亭拿西拉，在迦实山的北边。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 新標點和合本 (Chinese Union Version with New Punctuation), 約書亞記 (Joshua) 24:30

     Yǐsèlièrén jiāng tā zàng zài tā dìyè de jìngnèi, jiùshì zài Yǐfǎlián shān dì de Tíngnáxīlā, zài Jiāshí shān de běibiān. [Pinyin]

     And they buried him in the border of his inheritance in Timnathheres, in the mount of Ephraim, on the north side of the hill Gaash.

2. to bury in a specified way according to local customs

   火葬  ―  huǒzàng  ―  to cremate

3. a surname, Zang

Synonyms

• (to bury):

edit

• 下葬 (xiàzàng)
• 入土 (rùtǔ)
• 埋葬 (máizàng)
• 埋藏 (máicáng)
• 安厝 (āncuò) (literary, or Quanzhou Hokkien)
• 安土 (Hokkien)
• 安葬 (ānzàng)
• 掩埋 (yǎnmái)
• 落塗 / 落涂 (Hokkien)
• 落葬 (luòzàng)

Compounds

• 下葬 (xiàzàng)
• 亂葬埂 / 乱葬埂 (luànzànggěng)
• 亂葬崗 / 乱葬岗 (luànzànggǎng)
• 亂葬崗子 / 乱葬岗子 (luànzànggǎngzi)
• 厚葬 (hòuzàng)
• 叢葬 / 丛葬
• 合葬 (hézàng)
• 喪葬 / 丧葬 (sāngzàng)
• 國葬 / 国葬 (guózàng)
• 土葬 (tǔzàng)
• 埋葬 (máizàng)
• 壁葬 (bìzàng)
• 天葬 (tiānzàng)
• 安葬 (ānzàng)
• 懸棺葬 / 悬棺葬
• 拾骨葬 (shígǔzàng)
• 改葬 (gǎizàng)
• 敕葬
• 族葬
• 會葬 / 会葬 (huìzàng)
• 歸葬 / 归葬 (guīzàng)
• 殉葬 (xùnzàng)
• 殉葬品
• 殯葬 / 殡葬 (bìnzàng)
• 水葬 (shuǐzàng)
• 海葬 (hǎizàng)
• 渴葬
• 濫葬 / 滥葬
• 火葬 (huǒzàng)
• 燒葬 / 烧葬
• 營葬 / 营葬
• 碧葬
• 稿葬
• 臝葬 / 裸葬
• 葬儀社 / 葬仪社
• 葬師 / 葬师
• 葬玉埋香
• 葬禮 / 葬礼 (zànglǐ)
• 葬身 (zàngshēn)
• 葬身之地 (zàngshēnzhīdì)
• 葬身火窟
• 葬身魚腹 / 葬身鱼腹
• 葬送 (zàngsòng)
• 賣身葬父 / 卖身葬父
• 送葬 (sòngzàng)
• 遷葬 / 迁葬 (qiānzàng)
• 野葬
• 陪葬 (péizàng)
• 陪葬品 (péizàngpǐn)
• 隨葬 / 随葬 (suízàng)
• 鳥葬 / 鸟葬 (niǎozàng)
• 黛玉葬花

References

• “葬”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

葬

(Jōyō kanji)

1. funeral, bury

Readings

• Go-on: そう (sō, Jōyō)^{←さう (sau, historical)}
• Kan-on: そう (sō, Jōyō)^{←さう (sau, historical)}
• Kun: ほうむる (hōmuru, 葬る, Jōyō)^{←はうむる (faumuru, 葬る, historical)}

Compounds

• 葬式(そうしき) (sōshiki): funeral
• 葬儀(そうぎ) (sōgi): funeral service
• 土葬(どそう) (dosō): burial, interment
• 水葬(すいそう) (suisō): sea burial
• 鳥葬(ちょうそう) (chōsō): vulture burial, sky burial
• 火葬(かそう) (kasō): cremation

Kanji in this term
葬
そう Grade: S
on'yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 葬 (tsang^H, “burial”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [so̞ː]

Noun

葬(そう) • (sō) ^{←さう (sau)?}

1. burial

Korean

Hanja

葬 (eum 장 (jang))

1. hanja form^? of 장 (“burial; burial place; burial customs”)

Vietnamese

Han character

葬: Hán Nôm readings: táng

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.