班馬

See also: 斑馬

Chinese

Etymology 1

		team; class; rank team; class; rank; squad; a work shift; a measure word; surname	horse; surname
trad. (班馬)		班	馬
simp. (班马)		班	马

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bānmǎ

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄢ ㄇㄚˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): baan¹ maa⁵
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pan-bé

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bānmǎ
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄢ ㄇㄚˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: banmǎ
    • Wade–Giles: pan¹-ma³
    • Yale: bān-mǎ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: banmaa
    • Palladius: баньма (banʹma)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pän⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
    • Homophones:

      edit edit 斑馬 / 斑马 班馬 / 班马 班瑪 / 班玛

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: baan¹ maa⁵
    • Yale: bāan máh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: baan¹ maa⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: ban¹ ma⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /paːn⁵⁵ maː¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pan-bé
    • Tâi-lô: pan-bé
    • Phofsit Daibuun: panbea
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /pan⁴⁴⁻²² be⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /pan³³ be⁵⁵⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /pan⁴⁴⁻²² be⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /pan⁴⁴⁻³³ be⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /pan⁴⁴⁻³³ be⁴¹/

Noun

班馬

1. (literary) stray horse

   • 邢伯告中行伯曰：「有班馬之聲，齊師其遁。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     邢伯告中行伯曰：「有班马之声，齐师其遁。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4^th century BCE

     Xíng bó gào Zhōngháng bó yuē: “Yǒu bānmǎ zhī shēng, Qí shī qí dùn.” [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   • 遂乃韓分趙裂，鼓臥旗折。失羣班馬，迷輪亂轍。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
     遂乃韩分赵裂，鼓卧旗折。失群班马，迷轮乱辙。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]

     From: c. late 6^th century, 庾信 (Yu Xin),《哀江南賦》, translated by William T. Graham, Jr

     Suì nǎi Hán fēn Zhào liè, gǔ wò qí zhé. Shīqún bānmǎ, mí lún luàn zhé. [Pinyin]

     Then, partitioned like Han, split up like Chao,
     Drums toppled, standards broken,
     Riderless horses lost from the troop,
     Confused tracks from flecing chariots.

   • 揮手自茲去，蕭蕭班馬鳴。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
     挥手自兹去，萧萧班马鸣。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]

     From: mid 8^th century, 李白 (Li Bai),《送友人》(Seeing off a Friend)

     Huīshǒu zì zī qù, xiāoxiāo bānmǎ míng. [Pinyin]

     With the wave of your hand you are gone;
     So desolate, even the horses cry.

   • 背櫪嘶班馬，分洲叫斷鴻。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
     背枥嘶班马，分洲叫断鸿。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]

     From: circa 8^th century, 李嶠 (Li Jiao),《送光祿劉主簿之洛》

     Bèi lì sī bānmǎ, fēn zhōu jiào duànhóng. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Etymology 2

		short for 班固 (Bān Gù)	short for 司馬遷 (Sīmǎ Qiān)
trad. (班馬)		班	馬
simp. (班马)		班	马

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Bān-Mǎ

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄢ ㄇㄚˇ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Bān-Mǎ
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄢ ㄇㄚˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Banmǎ
    • Wade–Giles: Pan¹-ma³
    • Yale: Bān-mǎ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Banmaa
    • Palladius: Баньма (Banʹma)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pän⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Proper noun

班馬

1. (literary) Ban Gu and Sima Qian (two great historians, used to be reckoned as greatest of all time)

   • 譬如罷，作文論秦朝事，寫一句“秦始皇乃始燒書”，是不算好文章的，必須翻譯一下，使牠不容易一目了然纔好。 […] 改成“政俶燔典”，那就簡直有了班馬氣，雖然跟着也令人不大看得懂。 [MSC, trad.]
     譬如罢，作文论秦朝事，写一句“秦始皇乃始烧书”，是不算好文章的，必须翻译一下，使它不容易一目了然才好。 […] 改成“政俶燔典”，那就简直有了班马气，虽然跟着也令人不大看得懂。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 1933 November 10, 魯迅 (Lu Xun), 《作文秘訣》 (The Key to Doing a Composition)

     Pìrú ba, zuòwén lùn Qíncháo shì, xiě yījù “Qínshǐhuáng nǎi shǐ shāo shū”, shì bùsuàn hǎo wénzhāng de, bìxū fānyì yīxià, shǐ tā bùróngyì yīmùliǎorán cái hǎo. […] gǎichéng “Zhèng chù fán diǎn”, nà jiù jiǎnzhí yǒule Bān-Mǎ qì, suīrán gēnzhe yě lìngrén bùdà kàndedǒng. [Pinyin]

     For instance, when writing about the Qin dynasty, a straightforward sentence like ‘First Emperor of the Qin Dynasty began to burn books’ would be considered poor style. One must instead render it in archaic language to obscure immediate comprehension. [...] By changing it to 政俶燔典 (“‘Zheng [the name of Qin Shi Huang] chu [started] fan [burning] dian [the classics]’”), the phrasing suddenly carries the classical gravitas of historians like Ban Gu or Sima Qian—though admittedly, this also renders it nearly incomprehensible to modern readers.

Etymology 3

		team; class; rank team; class; rank; squad; a work shift; a measure word; surname	horse; surname
trad. (班馬)		班	馬
simp. (班马)		班	马

Pronunciation

• Cantonese (Jyutping): baan¹ maa⁵

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• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: baan¹ maa⁵
    • Yale: bāan máh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: baan¹ maa⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: ban¹ ma⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /paːn⁵⁵ maː¹³/

Verb

班⫽馬 (verb-object)

1. (Cantonese, slang) to gather subordinates