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See also: and
U+5E2B, 師
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E2B

[U+5E2A]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5E2C]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order (Sans-serif)
Stroke order

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 50, +7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 竹口一中月 (HRMLB), four-corner 21727, composition 𠂤)

Descendants[edit]

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 331, character 35
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8916
  • Dae Jaweon: page 637, character 28
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 740, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+5E2B

Chinese[edit]

trad.
simp.
alternative forms
Wikipedia has articles on:
  • (Written Standard Chinese?)
  • (Cantonese)

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character
Western Zhou Warring States
Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 𠂤 (mound, hill) + – ancient troops were usually stationed at a hill.

Each of the two components can be used as on their own in preclassical scripts. The significance of is debated.

Etymology[edit]

Starostin derives this word from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *rij (many), cognate with (OC *kriːj, “all”), (OC *kriːj, “together with”), as well as Tibetan ཁྲི (khri, ten thousand) and Burmese ရဲ (rai:, police).

Pronunciation[edit]


Note:
  • să - vernacular (“to be expert in; expert; term of address for experts”);
  • sṳ̆ - literary.
  • Min Nan
  • Note:
    • sai - vernacular;
    • su/sir - literary.
    Note:
    • se1/su1 - literary:
      • se1 - Chaozhou, Shantou, Chenghai, Jieyang;
      • su1 - Chaoyang;.
    • sai1 - vernacular, in 師父师父, 師囝师囝.
  • Wu
  • Xiang

    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location
    Mandarin Beijing /ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
    Harbin /ʂʐ̩⁴⁴/
    Tianjin /sz̩²¹/
    Jinan /ʂʐ̩²¹³/
    Qingdao /ʂʐ̩²¹³/
    Zhengzhou /ʂʐ̩²⁴/
    Xi'an /sz̩²¹/
    Xining /sz̩⁴⁴/
    Yinchuan /ʂʐ̩⁴⁴/
    Lanzhou /ʂʐ̩³¹/
    Ürümqi /sz̩⁴⁴/
    Wuhan /sz̩⁵⁵/
    Chengdu /sz̩⁵⁵/
    Guiyang /sz̩⁵⁵/
    Kunming /sz̩⁴⁴/
    Nanjing /sz̩³¹/
    Hefei /sz̩²¹/
    Jin Taiyuan /sz̩¹¹/
    Pingyao /sz̩¹³/
    Hohhot /sz̩³¹/ 老~
    /səʔ⁰/ 大~傅
    Wu Shanghai /sz̩⁵³/
    Suzhou /sz̩⁵⁵/
    Hangzhou /sz̩³³/
    Wenzhou /sz̩³³/
    Hui Shexian /sz̩³¹/
    Tunxi /sz̩¹¹/
    Xiang Changsha /sz̩³³/
    Xiangtan /sz̩³³/
    Gan Nanchang /sz̩⁴²/
    Hakka Meixian /sz̩⁴⁴/
    Taoyuan /sï²⁴/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /si⁵³/
    Nanning /sz̩⁵⁵/
    Hong Kong /si⁵⁵/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /su⁵⁵/
    /sai⁵⁵/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /sy⁴⁴/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /su⁵⁴/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /sɯ³³/
    /sai³³/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /si²³/

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (21)
    Final () (17)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter srij
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /ʃˠiɪ/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /ʃᵚi/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /ʃiɪ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /ʂji/
    Li
    Rong
    /ʃji/
    Wang
    Li
    /ʃi/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /ʂi/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    shī
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    si1
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    shī shī
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ srij › ‹ srij ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*srij/ /*srij/
    English army master

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 11433
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    2
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*sri/

    Definitions[edit]

    1. (historical, military) division of 2500 soldiers
    2. (military) division; a large body of troops composing part of an army
    3. army; troops; armed force
      • 4th cent. BC, 《竹書紀年》 (Bamboo Annals), s.v. "周宣王" (Xuan King):
        五年... 秋八月,方叔帥荊蠻
        Year 5 [c. 820 BC]... Autumn, Month 8: "Uncle" Fang led a force to slaughter the Jingman.
    4. to dispatch troops; to send troops
    5. the masses; populace; general public
    6. (historical) A former level of administrative division notionally covering 36,000 households or 1/12 of a province.
    7. capital city; metropolis
    8. strategist; military adviser
    9. leader; chief; commander; head; captain
    10. teacher; instructor
    11. master; expert; specialist
    12. (Min Dong) to be an expert in; adept at; capable
    13. (Min Dong) Respectful term of address for an expert in a trade or profession.
    14. (religion) Respectful title for monks, nuns and Taoist priests.
    15. (historical) musician
    16. model; example; fine example (Can we add an example for this sense?)
    17. to follow; to imitate; to follow the example of
    18. Army” (): the seventh hexagram of the I Ching
    19. a surname

    Synonyms[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Descendants[edit]

    Sino-Xenic ():
    • Japanese: () (shi)
    • Korean: 사(師) (sa)
    • Vietnamese: ()

    Others:

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. teacher, master, one's mentor
    2. religious leader

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    Kanji in this term

    Grade: 5
    on’yomi

    () (shi

    1. teacher, Reverend

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Proper noun[edit]

    Kanji in this term

    Grade: 5
    kun’yomi

    (もろ) (Moro

    1. a surname

    References[edit]

    1. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    2. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    From Middle Chinese (MC srij). Recorded as Middle Korean ᄉᆞ (so) (Yale: so) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

    Hanja[edit]

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    (eumhun 스승 (seuseung sa))

    1. Hanja form? of (teacher; master; one's mentor).
    2. Hanja form? of ((military) division; army).

    Compounds[edit]

    References[edit]

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [3]

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    : Hán Nôm readings:

    1. teacher, master
    2. respectful title for Buddhist monks and Buddhist nuns