師

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師 U+5E2B, 師
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E2B
← 帪
[U+5E2A]		 CJK Unified Ideographs 帬 →
[U+5E2C]
See also: 师 and 帥

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

師 (radical 50 巾+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 竹口一中月 (HRMLB), four-corner 21727, composition ⿰𠂤帀)

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 331, character 35
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8916
  • Dae Jaweon: page 637, character 28
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 740, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+5E2B

Chinese[edit]

trad. 師
simp. 师
alt. forms
 
𠦵
𠵀
𢂖
𢃋
𨸲
𨸴
𩇱

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (師) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
篩 *sreːl, *srel, *sri
師 *sri
鰤 *sri
蒒 *sri
獅 *sri
螄 *sri

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 𠂤 (“mound, hill”) + 帀 – ancient troops were usually stationed at a hill.

Each of the two components can be used as 師 on their own in preclassical scripts. The significance of 帀 is debated.

Etymology[edit]

Starostin derives this word from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *rij (“many”), cognate with 皆 (OC *kriːj, “all”), 偕 (OC *kriːj, “together with”), as well as Tibetan ཁྲི (khri, “ten thousand”) and Burmese ရဲ (rai:, “police”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • să - vernacular (“to be expert in; expert; term of address for experts”);
  • sṳ̆ - literary.
Note:
  • sai - vernacular;
  • su/sir - literary.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 師
Mandarin Beijing /ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
Harbin /ʂʐ̩⁴⁴/
Tianjin /sz̩²¹/
Jinan /ʂʐ̩²¹³/
Qingdao /ʂʐ̩²¹³/
Zhengzhou /ʂʐ̩²⁴/
Xi'an /sz̩²¹/
Xining /sz̩⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ʂʐ̩⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /ʂʐ̩³¹/
Ürümqi /sz̩⁴⁴/
Wuhan /sz̩⁵⁵/
Chengdu /sz̩⁵⁵/
Guiyang /sz̩⁵⁵/
Kunming /sz̩⁴⁴/
Nanjing /sz̩³¹/
Hefei /sz̩²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /sz̩¹¹/
Pingyao /sz̩¹³/
Hohhot /sz̩³¹/ 老～
/səʔ⁰/ 大～傅
Wu Shanghai /sz̩⁵³/
Suzhou /sz̩⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /sz̩³³/
Wenzhou /sz̩³³/
Hui Shexian /sz̩³¹/
Tunxi /sz̩¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /sz̩³³/
Xiangtan /sz̩³³/
Gan Nanchang /sz̩⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /sz̩⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /sï²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /si⁵³/
Nanning /sz̩⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /si⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /su⁵⁵/
/sai⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /sy⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /su⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /sɯ³³/
/sai³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /si²³/
Rime
Character 師
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 生 (21)
Final (韻) 脂 (17)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) Chongniu III
Fanqie 疏夷切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʃˠiɪ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʃᵚi/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʃiɪ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʂji/
Li
Rong		 /ʃji/
Wang
Li		 /ʃi/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʂi/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 shī
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 師 師
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 shī shī
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ srij › ‹ srij ›
Old
Chinese		 /*srij/ /*srij/
English army master

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 師
Reading # 1/1
No. 11433
Phonetic
component		 師
Rime
group		 脂
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 師
Old
Chinese		 /*sri/

Definitions[edit]

師

  1. (historical, military) division of 2500 soldiers
  2. (military) division; a large body of troops composing part of an army
  3. army; troops; armed force
  4. to dispatch troops; to send troops
  5. the masses; populace; general public
  6. (historical) A level of administrative division comprising ten major cities.
  7. capital city; metropolis
  8. strategist; military adviser
  9. leader; chief; commander; head; captain
  10. teacher; instructor
  11. master; expert; specialist
  12. (Min Dong) to be an expert in; adept at; capable
  13. (Min Dong) Respectful term of address for an expert in a trade or profession.
  14. (religion) Respectful title for monks, nuns and Taoist priests.
  15. (historical) musician
  16. model; example; fine example
  17. to follow; to imitate; to follow the example of
  18. “Army” (䷆): the seventh hexagram of the I Ching
  19. A surname​.

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 師

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

師

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. teacher, master, one's mentor
  2. religious leader

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

師 • (sa) (hangeul 사, revised sa, McCune-Reischauer sa, Yale sa)

  1. teacher, master, one's mentor

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

師 (sư)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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