public

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See also: públic

English[edit]

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Anglo-Norman publik, public, Middle French public, publique et al., and their source, Latin pūblicus (“pertaining to the people”). Compare people.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈpʌblɪk/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Rhymes: -ʌblɪk
  • Hyphenation: pub‧lic

Adjective[edit]

public (comparative more public, superlative most public)

  1. Able to be seen or known by everyone; open to general view, happening without concealment. [from 14th c.]
    • 1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Sixt”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene vi], page 100, column 1:
      VVith ſcoffs and ſcornes, and contumelious taunts, / In open Market-place produc't they me, / To be a publique ſpectacle to all: / Here, ſayd they, is the Terror of the French, / The Scar-Crovv that affrights our Children ſo.
    • 2011 April 18, Sandra Laville, The Guardian:
      Earlier this month Godwin had to make a public apology to the family of Daniel Morgan after the collapse of a £30m inquiry into his murder in 1987.
    • 2013 June 28, Joris Luyendijk, “Our banks are out of control”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 3, page 21:
      Seeing the British establishment struggle with the financial sector is like watching an alcoholic […]. Until 2008 there was denial over what finance had become. When a series of bank failures made this impossible, there was widespread anger, leading to the public humiliation of symbolic figures.
  2. Pertaining to the people as a whole (as opposed to a private group); concerning the whole country, community etc. [from 15th c.]
    • 2010, Adam Vaughan, The Guardian, 16 Sep 2010:
      A mere 3% of the more than 1,000 people interviewed said they actually knew what the conference was about. It seems safe to say public awareness of the Convention on Biological Awareness in Nagoya - and its goal of safeguarding wildlife - is close to non-existent.
    • 2013 May 17, George Monbiot, “Money just makes the rich suffer”, in The Guardian Weekly‎[1], volume 188, number 23, page 19:
      In order to grant the rich these pleasures, the social contract is reconfigured. […]  The public realm is privatised, the regulations restraining the ultra-wealthy and the companies they control are abandoned, and Edwardian levels of inequality are almost fetishised.
  3. Officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the state on behalf of the community. [from 15th c.]
    • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XXII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:
      From another point of view, it was a place without a soul. The well-to-do had hearts of stone; the rich were brutally bumptious; the Press, the Municipality, all the public men, were ridiculously, vaingloriously self-satisfied.
    • 2004, The Guardian, Leader, 18 Jun 2004:
      But culture's total budget is a tiny proportion of all public spending; it is one of the government's most visible success stories.
  4. Open to all members of a community; especially, provided by national or local authorities and supported by money from taxes. [from 15th c.]
    • 2011, David Smith, The Guardian, 10 May 2011:
      Some are left for dead on rubbish tips, in refuge bags or at public toilets.
    • 2013 June 14, Jonathan Freedland, “Obama's once hip brand is now tainted”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 1, page 18:
      Now we are liberal with our innermost secrets, spraying them into the public ether with a generosity our forebears could not have imagined. Where we once sent love letters in a sealed envelope, or stuck photographs of our children in a family album, now such private material is despatched to servers and clouds operated by people we don't know and will never meet.
  5. (of a company) Traded publicly via a stock market.
  6. (not comparable, object-oriented programming) Accessible to the program in general, not only to the class or any subclasses.

Antonyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Terms derived from public (adjective)

Related terms[edit]

Terms etymologically related to public

Translations[edit]

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Noun[edit]

public (plural publics)

  1. The people in general, regardless of membership of any particular group.
    Members of the public may not proceed beyond this point.
    • 1905, Baroness Emmuska Orczy, chapter 2, in The Tremarn Case‎[2]:
      “Two or three months more went by ; the public were eagerly awaiting the arrival of this semi-exotic claimant to an English peerage, and sensations, surpassing those of the Tichbourne case, were looked forward to with palpitating interest. […] ”
    • 2007 May 4, Martin Jacques, The Guardian
      Bush and Blair stand condemned by their own publics and face imminent political extinction.
  2. (public relations) A particular group or demographic to be targeted.
    • 2005, Donald Treadwell, Jill B. Treadwell, Public Relations Writing: Principles in Practice (page 19)
      To the extent that you will use them to reach many other publics, the news media will also be one of your publics.
  3. (archaic) A public house; an inn.

Derived terms[edit]

Translations[edit]

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

References[edit]

  • public at OneLook Dictionary Search
  • public in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
  • public in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913
  • public in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911

French[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Latin pūblicus. The noun is from the adjective.

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

public (feminine publique, masculine plural publics, feminine plural publiques)

  1. public (various meanings)
    1. (relational) of the people as a whole; public [from 1238]
      l'intérêt public ― the public interest
      le bien public ― the public good
      La voix publique est pour lui. ― The public voice is for him.
    2. public; seen or known by everyone [from 1330]
      C'est une nouvelle qui est déjà publique. ― It's already public news.
    3. public; representing the state on behalf of the community [from 1390]
      Synonym: étatique
      pouvoirs publics ― public powers
      notaire public ― public notary
    4. public; open to all [from 1538]
      Synonym: commun
      lieu public ― public place
      fille publique ― streetwalker, prostitute (literally, “public girl”)

Derived terms[edit]

Noun[edit]

public m (plural publics)

  1. public (people in general) [from 1320]
    • 2015 October 3, Romain Gueugneau, “Le smartphone tout terrain s’aventure dans le grand public”, in LesEchos‎[3]:
      Et la demande augmente dans le grand public.
      And the demand is increasing amongst the general public.
  2. audience [from 1671]
    Il devait plaire à son public. ― He had to please his audience.
    • 2016, Claudine Monfette, Robert Charlebois, & Pierre Nadeau (lyrics and music), “Ordinaire”, in Encore un soir‎[4], performed by Céline Dion:
      Quand je chante, c'est pour le public
      When I sing, it's for the audience

Derived terms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Ladin[edit]

Adjective[edit]

public m pl

  1. plural of publich

Occitan[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin publicus.

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

public m (feminine singular publica, masculine plural publics, feminine plural publicas)

  1. public
    Antonym: privat

Derived terms[edit]

Noun[edit]

public m (plural publics)

  1. public, audience

Old French[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Adjective[edit]

public m (oblique and nominative feminine singular publique)

  1. public (not private; available to the general populace)

Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

Romanian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from French public, from Latin publicus.

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

public m or n (feminine singular publică, masculine plural publici, feminine and neuter plural publice)

  1. public

Declension[edit]

Declension of public
singular plural
masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
nominative/
accusative 		indefinite public publică publici publice
definite publicul publica publicii publicele
genitive/
dative 		indefinite public publice publici publice
definite publicului publicei publicilor publicelor

Noun[edit]

public n (plural publice)

  1. the public
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