洛

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洛 U+6D1B, 洛
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6D1B
← 洚
[U+6D1A] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 洜 →
[U+6D1C]
洛 U+F915, 洛
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F915
← 樂
[U+F914] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 烙 →
[U+F916]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

洛 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 水竹水口 (EHER), four-corner 37164, composition ⿰氵各)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 620, character 15
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17383
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1016, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1614, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+6D1B

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 洛

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 洛
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (各) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
髂 *kʰraːɡs
路 *ɡ·raːɡs
輅 *ɡ·raːɡs
賂 *ɡ·raːɡs
虂 *ɡ·raːɡs
露 *ɡ·raːɡs
潞 *raːɡs
鷺 *raːɡs
璐 *raːɡs
簬 *raːɡs
簵 *ɡ·raːɡs
洛 *ɡ·raːɡ
駱 *ɡ·raːɡ
絡 *ɡ·raːɡ
酪 *ɡ·raːɡ
烙 *ɡ·raːɡ
雒 *ɡ·raːɡ
珞 *ɡ·raːɡ
硌 *ɡ·raːɡ
袼 *ɡ·raːɡ, *klaːɡ
笿 *ɡ·raːɡ
鉻 *ɡ·raːɡ, *kraːɡ
鮥 *ɡ·raːɡ
鵅 *ɡ·raːɡ, *kraːɡ
挌 *ɡ·raːɡ, *kraːɡ
落 *ɡ·raːɡ
各 *klaːɡ
胳 *klaːɡ
閣 *klaːɡ
格 *klaːɡ, *kraːɡ
擱 *klaːɡ
恪 *kʰlaːɡ
愙 *kʰaːɡ
貉 *ɡlaːɡ, *mɡraːɡ
狢 *ɡlaːɡ
佫 *ɡlaːɡ
略 *ɡ·raɡ
茖 *kraːɡ
骼 *kraːɡ
觡 *kraːɡ
蛒 *kraːɡ
敋 *kraːɡ
客 *kʰraːɡ
喀 *kʰraːɡ
揢 *kʰraːɡ
額 *ŋɡraːɡ
峉 *ŋɡraːɡ
頟 *ŋɡraːɡ
詻 *ŋɡraːɡ
垎 *ɡraːɡ
楁 *ɡraːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·raːɡ): semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 各 (OC *klaːɡ).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • lo̍k - literary;
  • lo̍h - vernacular.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 洛
    Mandarin Beijing /luo⁵¹/
    Harbin /luo⁵³/
    Tianjin /lɤ⁵³/
    Jinan /luə²¹/
    Qingdao /luə⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /luo²⁴/
    Xi'an /luo²¹/
    Xining /lu⁴⁴/
    Yinchuan /luə¹³/
    Lanzhou /luə¹³/
    Ürümqi /luɤ²¹³/
    Wuhan /nuo²¹³/
    Chengdu /no³¹/
    Guiyang /no²¹/
    Kunming /lo³¹/
    Nanjing /loʔ⁵/
    Hefei /luɐʔ⁵/
    Jin Taiyuan /luaʔ²/
    Pingyao /lʌʔ⁵³/
    Hohhot /luaʔ⁴³/
    Wu Shanghai /loʔ¹/
    Suzhou /loʔ³/
    Hangzhou /loʔ²/
    Wenzhou /lo²¹³/
    Hui Shexian /lɔ²²/
    Tunxi /lo⁴⁴/
    Xiang Changsha /lo²⁴/
    Xiangtan /no²⁴/
    Gan Nanchang /lɔʔ⁵/
    Hakka Meixian /lok̚⁵/
    Taoyuan /lok̚⁵⁵/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /lɔk̚³/
    Nanning /lɔk̚³³/
    Hong Kong /lɔk̚³/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /lɔk̚⁵/
    /loʔ⁵/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /louʔ⁵/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /lɔ⁴²/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /lok̚⁵/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /lɔk̚⁵/
    Rime
    Character 洛
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 來 (37)
    Final (韻) 唐 (103)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) I
    Fanqie 盧各切
    Baxter lak
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/lɑk̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/lɑk̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/lɑk̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/lak̚/
    Li
    Rong         		/lɑk̚/
    Wang
    Li         		/lɑk̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/lɑk̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		luò
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		lok6
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 洛
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 3866
    Phonetic
    component         		各
    Rime
    group         		鐸
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		落
    Old
    Chinese         		/*ɡ·raːɡ/

    Definitions[edit]

    洛

    1. (～水, ～河) Luo River, a tributary of the Yellow River.
    2. (～河) Luo River, a tributary of the Wei River.
    3. Luoyang
    4. a surname
    5. (Mainland China) Used in the phonetic transcription of /lɒ/, /lɔː/, and /loʊ/ into Chinese characters

    Compounds[edit]

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    洛

    (“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Readings[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    洛
    らく
    Jinmeiyō
    on’yomi

    From Middle Chinese 洛 (MC lak), originally referring to 洛陽(らくよう) (Rakuyō, “Luoyang”).

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Affix[edit]

    洛(らく) • (raku) ←らく (raku)?

    1. (literary) capital city
      Synonym: 京 (kyō)
    2. (especially) Kyōto (a city in Kyōto, Japan)
      Synonym: 京 (kyō)
      上洛(じょうらく) (jōraku)

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    洛 • (rak>nak) (hangeul 락>낙, revised rak>nak, McCune–Reischauer rak>nak, Yale lak>nak)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    洛: Hán Nôm readings: rặc, chua, lạc, lặng

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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