駱

See also: 骆

駱 U+99F1, 駱 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-99F1 ← 駰 [U+99F0] CJK Unified Ideographs 駲 → [U+99F2]

駱 U+F91A, 駱 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F91A ← 酪 [U+F919] CJK Compatibility Ideographs 亂 → [U+F91B]

Translingual

Han character

駱 (Kangxi radical 187, 馬+6, 16 strokes, cangjie input 尸火竹水口 (SFHER), four-corner 7736₄, composition ⿰馬各)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1438, character 17
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44734
• Dae Jaweon: page 1962, character 35
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4554, character 20
• Unihan data for U+99F1

• Unihan data for U+F91A

Chinese

trad.		駱
simp.		骆

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 駱
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (各) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
髂	*kʰraːɡs
路	*ɡ·raːɡs
輅	*ɡ·raːɡs
賂	*ɡ·raːɡs
虂	*ɡ·raːɡs
露	*ɡ·raːɡs
潞	*raːɡs
鷺	*raːɡs
璐	*raːɡs
簬	*raːɡs
簵	*ɡ·raːɡs
洛	*ɡ·raːɡ
駱	*ɡ·raːɡ
絡	*ɡ·raːɡ
酪	*ɡ·raːɡ
烙	*ɡ·raːɡ
雒	*ɡ·raːɡ
珞	*ɡ·raːɡ
硌	*ɡ·raːɡ
袼	*ɡ·raːɡ, *klaːɡ
笿	*ɡ·raːɡ
鉻	*ɡ·raːɡ, *kraːɡ
鮥	*ɡ·raːɡ
鵅	*ɡ·raːɡ, *kraːɡ
挌	*ɡ·raːɡ, *kraːɡ
落	*ɡ·raːɡ
各	*klaːɡ
胳	*klaːɡ
閣	*klaːɡ
格	*klaːɡ, *kraːɡ
擱	*klaːɡ
恪	*kʰlaːɡ
愙	*kʰaːɡ
貉	*ɡlaːɡ, *mɡraːɡ
狢	*ɡlaːɡ
佫	*ɡlaːɡ
略	*ɡ·raɡ
茖	*kraːɡ
骼	*kraːɡ
觡	*kraːɡ
蛒	*kraːɡ
敋	*kraːɡ
客	*kʰraːɡ
喀	*kʰraːɡ
揢	*kʰraːɡ
額	*ŋɡraːɡ
峉	*ŋɡraːɡ
頟	*ŋɡraːɡ
詻	*ŋɡraːɡ
垎	*ɡraːɡ
楁	*ɡraːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·raːɡ) : semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 各 (OC *klaːɡ).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): luò (luo⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄛˋ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): no²

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): луә (luə, III)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): lok³, lok⁶

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): lok²

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): lo̍k

  (Meixian, Guangdong): log⁶

• Jin (Wiktionary): le³
• Northern Min (KCR): lǒ̤
• Eastern Min (BUC): lŏk
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): lo̍h / lo̍k

  (Teochew, Peng'im): loh⁸ / log⁸

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁸loq
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): lo⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: luò
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄛˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: luò
    • Wade–Giles: lo⁴
    • Yale: lwò
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luoh
    • Palladius: ло (lo)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lu̯ɔ⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: no²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: lo
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /no²¹/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: луә (luə, III)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /luə⁴⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: lok³, lok⁶
    • Yale: lok, lohk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: lok⁸, lok⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: log³, log⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɔːk̚³/, /lɔːk̚²/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: lok²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɔk̚⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lo̍k
    • Hakka Romanization System: log
    • Hagfa Pinyim: log⁶
    • Sinological IPA: /lok̚⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: log⁶
    • Sinological IPA: /lɔk̚⁵/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: le³
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /lɤ⁴⁵/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: lǒ̤
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɔ²¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: lŏk
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /l̃ouʔ⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lo̍h
    • Tâi-lô: lo̍h
    • Phofsit Daibuun: loih
    • IPA (Xiamen): /loʔ⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /loʔ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /loʔ¹²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lo̍k
    • Tâi-lô: lo̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: lok
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /lɔk̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /lɔk̚¹²¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /lɔk̚⁴/

Note:

• lo̍h - vernacular;
• lo̍k - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: loh⁸ / log⁸
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lo̍h / lo̍k
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /loʔ⁴/, /lok̚⁴/

Note:

• loh8 - vernacular (“camel”);
• log8 - literary (including surname).

• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁸loq
    • MiniDict: loh^入
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁵loq
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /loʔ¹²/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: lo⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lo²⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: lak

Rime
Character	駱
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	唐 (103)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	盧各切
Baxter	lak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/lɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/lɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lak̚/
Li Rong	/lɑk̚/
Wang Li	/lɑk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/lɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	luò
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lok6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]ˤak/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡ·raːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	駱
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	luò
Middle Chinese	‹ lak ›
Old Chinese	/*[r]ˁak/
English	white horse with black mane
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	駱
Reading #	1/1
No.	3867
Phonetic component	各
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	落
Old Chinese	/*ɡ·raːɡ/

Definitions

駱

1. (obsolete) white horse with black mane

   • 我馬維駱，六轡沃若。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     我马维骆，六辔沃若。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Wǒ mǎ wéi luò, liù pèi wò ruò. [Pinyin]

     My horses are white and black-maned;
     The six reins look glossy.

2. (obsolete) Luoyue (Lạc Việt)

   • 佗因此以兵威邊，財物賂遺閩越、西甌、駱，役屬焉，東西萬餘里。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     佗因此以兵威边，财物赂遗闽越、西瓯、骆，役属焉，东西万余里。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE

     Tuó yīncǐ yǐ bīng wēi biān, cáiwù lùwèi Mǐnyuè, Xī'ōu, Luò, yìshǔ yān, dōngxī wàn yú lǐ. [Pinyin]

     (Zhao) Tuo consequently used his troops to menace the border-regions and used his wealth to bribe the Minyue, the West Ou, and the Luo into submission to him; [his territory spanned] over ten thousand li from east to west.

3. Used in 駱駝／骆驼 (luòtuo, “camel”).
4. a surname

   駱賓王／骆宾王  ―  Luò Bīnwáng  ―  Luo Binwang (Tang dynasty Chinese poet)

Synonyms

• (Luoyue): 駱越／骆越 (Luòyuè)

Compounds

• 單峰駱駝／单峰骆驼 (dānfēng luòtuo)
• 巴駱和／巴骆和
• 拉駱駝／拉骆驼
• 駱店／骆店 (Luòdiàn)
• 駱樓／骆楼 (Luòlóu)
• 駱畈／骆畈 (Luòfàn)
• 駱莊／骆庄 (Luòzhuāng)
• 駱馬／骆马 (luòmǎ)
• 駱駝／骆驼 (luòtuo)
• 駱駝絨／骆驼绒
• 駱驛／骆驿 (luòyì)
• 駱驛不絕／骆驿不绝

 

References

• “駱”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

駱

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: らく (raku)
• Kan-on: らく (raku)
• Kun: かわらげ (kawarage, 駱)

Korean

Hanja

駱 • (rak>nak) (hangeul 락>낙, revised rak>nak, McCune–Reischauer rak>nak, Yale lak>nak)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

駱: Hán Nôm readings: lạc

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.