維
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See also: 维
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Translingual
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Jiao-si-pang-wei.png/48px-Jiao-si-pang-wei.png)
Han character
[edit]維 (Kangxi radical 120, 糸+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 女火人土 (VFOG), four-corner 20914, composition ⿰糹隹)
Derived characters
[edit]Related characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 927, character 15
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27568
- Dae Jaweon: page 1364, character 22
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3415, character 5
- Unihan data for U+7DAD
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 維 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 维 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 維 | ||
---|---|---|
Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script |
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Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ɢʷi) : semantic 糸 (“thread”) + abbreviated phonetic 唯 (OC *ɢʷi, *ɢʷiʔ).
The original pronunciation of 隹 (OC *ɢʷi) was lost after the classical period, but can still be seen in other characters of the phonetic series:
- 惟 (OC *ɢʷi, “to think”),
- 唯 (OC *ɢʷi, *ɢʷiʔ, “only”),
- 雖 (OC *sqʰʷi, “although”),
- 帷 (OC *ɢʷril, “curtain, screen”) and
- 淮 (OC *ɡʷriːl, “Huai River”).
Pronunciation 1
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): wei2
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): ui4
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): ui1
- Northern Min (KCR): ṳ̌
- Eastern Min (BUC): mì
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6vi
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): uei2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wéi
- Wade–Giles: wei2
- Yale: wéi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wei
- Palladius: вэй (vɛj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /weɪ̯³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: wei2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ui
- Sinological IPA (key): /uei²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: wai4
- Yale: wàih
- Cantonese Pinyin: wai4
- Guangdong Romanization: wei4
- Sinological IPA (key): /wɐi̯²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: vei3
- Sinological IPA (key): /vei²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: ui4
- Sinological IPA (key): /ui³⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vì
- Hakka Romanization System: viˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: vi2
- Sinological IPA: /vi¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: ui1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /uei¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ṳ̌
- Sinological IPA (key): /y²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: mì
- Sinological IPA (key): /mi⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: î
- Tâi-lô: î
- Phofsit Daibuun: ii
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /i²³/
- IPA (Quanzhou, Taipei): /i²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bî
- Tâi-lô: bî
- Phofsit Daibuun: bii
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /bi¹³/
- IPA (Xiamen): /bi²⁴/
Note:
- ûi - literary;
- î/bî - vernacular.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: rui6 / rui5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: jŭi / jûi
- Sinological IPA (key): /d͡zui³⁵/, /d͡zui⁵⁵/
Note: rui5 - “to think, dimension”.
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 維 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /uei³⁵/ |
Harbin | /uei⁴⁴/ ~生素 /uei²⁴/ ~持 | |
Tianjin | /vei⁴⁵/ | |
Jinan | /vei⁵⁵/ | |
Qingdao | /ve⁵⁵/ | |
Zhengzhou | /uei⁵³/ | |
Xi'an | /vi²⁴/ | |
Xining | /uɨ²⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /vei⁵³/ | |
Lanzhou | /vei⁵³/ | |
Ürümqi | /vei⁵¹/ | |
Wuhan | /uei²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /uei³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /uei²¹/ | |
Kunming | /uei³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /uəi²⁴/ | |
Hefei | /ue⁵⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /uei¹¹/ |
Pingyao | /uei¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /vei³¹/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /vi²³/ |
Suzhou | /vi¹³/ | |
Hangzhou | /ɦui²¹³/ | |
Wenzhou | /vu³¹/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /ue⁴⁴/ |
Tunxi | /ue⁴⁴/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /uei¹³/ |
Xiangtan | /uəi¹²/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /ui⁴⁵/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /vi¹¹/ |
Taoyuan | /vui¹¹/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /wɐi²¹/ |
Nanning | /wɐi²¹/ | |
Hong Kong | /wɐi²¹/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /ui³⁵/ /bi³⁵/ 俗 |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /mi⁵³/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /y²¹/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /zui⁵⁵/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /vui³¹/ |
- Middle Chinese: ywij
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*ɢʷij/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷi/
Definitions
[edit]維
- † to tie; to fasten; to tie up
- † to link; to connect
- to hold together; to maintain; to preserve; to safeguard
- † thick rope for tying objects; cord
- † corner; nook; recess
- † net; mesh; netting
- (geometry) dimension
- † order; law; outline
- † long and thin object; fibre; string
- † Alternative form of 惟 (wéi, “to think; to contemplate”)
- † Alternative form of 唯 (“only”)
- † (alt. form 惟, 唯) meaningless particle of interjection
- Short for 維生素/维生素 (wéishēngsù, “vitamin”).
- Short for 維吾爾/维吾尔 (Wéiwú'ěr, “Uyghur”).
- a surname
Compounds
[edit]- 三維空間/三维空间
- 伏維尚饗/伏维尚飨
- 八維/八维
- 創業維艱/创业维艰
- 哈維/哈维
- 四維/四维 (sìwéi)
- 國維/国维
- 地維/地维
- 坤維/坤维
- 塞爾維亞/塞尔维亚
- 多維/多维 (duōwéi)
- 奧維爾/奥维尔
- 孟什維克/孟什维克 (mèngshíwéikè)
- 屋大維/屋大维 (Wūdàwéi)
- 巴勒維/巴勒维
- 布干維爾/布干维尔 (Bùgānwéi'ěr)
- 思維/思维 (sīwéi)
- 恭維/恭维 (gōngwéi)
- 恭維話/恭维话
- 我武維揚/我武维扬
- 拉脫維亞/拉脱维亚 (Lātuōwéiyà)
- 新疆維吾爾自治區/新疆维吾尔自治区 (Xīnjiāng Wéiwú'ěr Zìzhìqū)
- 明治維新/明治维新 (Míngzhì Wéixīn)
- 步履維艱/步履维艰 (bùlǚwéijiān)
- 物力維艱/物力维艰
- 玻利維亞/玻利维亚 (Bōlìwéiyà)
- 百日維新/百日维新 (Bǎirì Wéixīn)
- 睢維/睢维
- 維也納/维也纳 (Wéiyěnà)
- 維京人/维京人 (wéijīngrén)
- 維他命/维他命 (wéitāmìng)
- 維修/维修 (wéixiū)
- 維吉尼亞/维吉尼亚 (Wéijíníyà)
- 維吾爾/维吾尔 (Wéiwú'ěr)
- 維基/维基 (wéijī)
- 維多米/维多米
- 維天之命/维天之命
- 維妙維肖/维妙维肖 (wéimiàowéixiào)
- 維持/维持 (wéichí)
- 維摩經/维摩经
- 維摩詰/维摩诘
- 維斗
- 維新/维新 (wéixīn)
- 維新圖強/维新图强
- 維新運動/维新运动 (Wéixīn Yùndòng)
- 維清/维清
- 維生/维生 (wéishēng)
- 維生素/维生素 (wéishēngsù)
- 維管束/维管束 (wéiguǎnshù)
- 維納斯/维纳斯 (Wéinàsī)
- 綱維/纲维 (gāngwéi)
- 維縶/维絷
- 維繫/维系 (wéixì)
- 維艱/维艰 (wéijiān)
- 維護/维护 (wéihù)
- 維那/维那 (wéinà)
- 縶維/絷维
- 纖維/纤维 (xiānwéi)
- 臭恭維/臭恭维
- 臺維斯杯/台维斯杯
- 舉步維艱/举步维艰 (jǔbùwéijiān)
- 蘇維埃/苏维埃 (sūwéi'āi)
- 進退維谷/进退维谷 (jìntuìwéigǔ)
Pronunciation 2
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄩㄥ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yong
- Wade–Giles: yung1
- Yale: yūng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iong
- Palladius: юн (jun)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jung1
- Yale: yūng
- Cantonese Pinyin: jung1
- Guangdong Romanization: yung1
- Sinological IPA (key): /jʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
[edit]維
- † Only used in 盧維/卢维 (“ancient river in the Yan Province”).
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]維
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: ゆい (yui)←ゆい (yui, historical)←ゆゐ (yuwi, ancient)
- Kan-on: い (i, Jōyō)←ゐ (wi, historical)
- Kun: つなぐ (tsunagu, 維ぐ); これ (kore, 維)
- Nanori: しげ (shige); すみ (sumi); ただ (tada); たもつ (tamotsu); つな (tsuna); ゆき (yuki)
Usage notes
[edit]- Most dictionaries proscribe historical -uwi readings すゐ (suwi), ずゐ (zuwi), つゐ (tuwi), ゆゐ (yuwi), and るゐ (ruwi) as attested in many historical documents.
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
維 |
い Grade: S |
kan'on |
/wi/ → /i/
From Middle Chinese 維 (MC ywij).
Pronunciation
[edit]Affix
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
維 |
これ Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 維 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 維, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]Compounds
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]維: Hán Việt readings: duy[1][2][3][4]
維: Nôm readings: duy[1]
References
[edit]Categories:
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
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- Japanese kanji with historical goon reading ゆい
- Japanese kanji with ancient goon reading ゆゐ
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading い
- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading ゐ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading つな・ぐ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading これ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading しげ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading すみ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading ただ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading たもつ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading つな
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading ゆき
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