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See also:
U+5175, 兵
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5175

[U+5174]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5176]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
7 strokes

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 12, +5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人一金 (OMC), four-corner 72801, composition )

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 127, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1462
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 244, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+5175

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts





References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Ideogrammic compound (會意): (a short axe) + (2 hands) – a pair of hands holding a weapon.

Pronunciation[edit]


Note:
  • piaⁿ - vernacular;
  • peng - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang

    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location
    Mandarin Beijing /piŋ⁵⁵/
    Harbin /piŋ⁴⁴/
    Tianjin /piŋ²¹/
    Jinan /piŋ²¹³/
    Qingdao /piŋ²¹³/
    Zhengzhou /piŋ²⁴/
    Xi'an /piŋ²¹/
    Xining /piə̃⁴⁴/
    Yinchuan /piŋ⁴⁴/
    Lanzhou /pĩn³¹/
    Ürümqi /piŋ⁴⁴/
    Wuhan /pin⁵⁵/
    Chengdu /pin⁵⁵/
    Guiyang /pin⁵⁵/
    Kunming /pĩ/
    Nanjing /pin³¹/
    Hefei /pin²¹/
    Jin Taiyuan /piəŋ¹¹/
    Pingyao /piŋ¹³/
    Hohhot /pĩŋ³¹/
    Wu Shanghai /piŋ⁵³/
    Suzhou /pin⁵⁵/
    Hangzhou /pin³³/
    Wenzhou /peŋ³³/
    Hui Shexian /piʌ̃³¹/
    Tunxi /pɛ¹¹/
    Xiang Changsha /pin³³/
    Xiangtan /pin³³/
    Gan Nanchang /pin⁴²/
    Hakka Meixian /pin⁴⁴/
    Taoyuan /pin²⁴/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /peŋ⁵³/
    Nanning /peŋ⁵⁵/
    Hong Kong /piŋ⁵⁵/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /piŋ⁵⁵/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /piŋ⁴⁴/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /peiŋ⁵⁴/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /piã³³/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /ʔbeŋ²³/
    /ʔbia²³/

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (1)
    Final () (111)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter pjaeng
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /pˠiæŋ/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /pᵚiaŋ/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /piaŋ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /piajŋ/
    Li
    Rong
    /piɐŋ/
    Wang
    Li
    /pĭɐŋ/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /pi̯ɐŋ/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    bīng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    bing1
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    bīng
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ pjæng ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*praŋ/
    English weapon

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 865
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*praŋ/

    Definitions[edit]

    1. weapon
    2. army; troops
    3. soldier (Classifier: )
        ―  shìbīng  ―  soldier
    4. warfare
    5. (xiangqi) pawn; private; soldier (on the red side)
    6. (chess) pawn
    7. (Cantonese) Short for 觀音兵观音兵 (guānyīnbīng).
    8. (Philippines Hokkien) police

    Synonyms[edit]

    • (police):

    Coordinate terms[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    See also[edit]

    Chess pieces in Chinese · 國際象棋棋子 (layout · text)
    ♚ ♛ ♜ ♝ ♞ ♟
    (wáng),
    國王国王 (guówáng)
    (hòu),
    皇后 (huánghòu)
    (),
    城堡 (chéngbǎo)
    (xiàng),
    主教 (zhǔjiào)
    (),
    騎士骑士 (qíshì)
    (bīng)

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Readings[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    つわもの
    Grade: 4
    kun’yomi
    For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
    つわもの
    [noun] a war machine; a weapon
    [noun] military ration
    [noun] a brave and strong warrior
    [noun] a stubborn person
    Alternative spelling
    強者
    (This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    へい
    Grade: 4
    kan’on

    From Middle Chinese (MC pˠiæŋ). The kan'on, so a later borrowing.

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    (へい) (hei

    1. a soldier
    2. a war machine; a weapon
    3. a battle, a war
    4. in the old Japanese military structure, the lowest set of ranks for a soldier: a private, corporal, lance corporal

    Etymology 3[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    ひょう
    Grade: 4
    goon

    From Middle Chinese (MC pˠiæŋ). The goon, so an earlier borrowing.

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    (ひょう) (hyō

    1. soldier
    2. another name for () (fu) in shogi
    Synonyms[edit]

    References[edit]

    1. 1.0 1.1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    (eumhun 군사 (gunsa byeong))

    1. Hanja form? of (soldier).

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    : Hán Việt readings: binh ((bổ)(minh)(thiết))[1][2][3][4]
    : Nôm readings: binh[1][2][3][4][5][6], banh[1][3][4][5][6], bênh[1][3][7][5], bưng[1], bành[1]

    1. chữ Hán form of binh (military troops).

    Compounds[edit]

    References[edit]