仕

仕 U+4ED5, 仕 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4ED5 ← 仔 [U+4ED4] CJK Unified Ideographs 他 → [U+4ED6]

Translingual

Han character

仕 (radical 9 人+3, 5 strokes, cangjie input 人土 (OG), four-corner 2421₀, composition ⿰亻士)

References

• KangXi: page 92, character 7
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 368
• Dae Jaweon: page 195, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 112, character 3
• Unihan data for U+4ED5

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		仕

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 仕
Bronze inscriptions b12243 Small seal script s05662 Transcribed ancient scripts L34132 L34133
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (士) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
茌	*zrɯ
士	*zrɯʔ
仕	*zrɯʔ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shì (shi⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄕˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): si⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: shì
    • Zhuyin: ㄕˋ
    • Wade-Giles: shih⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyh
    • IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: si⁶
    • Yale: sih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: si⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: xi⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /siː²²/

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• Middle Chinese: /d͡ʒɨ^X/▼

Rime
Character	仕
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	崇 (20)
Final (韻)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	鉏里切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʒɨX/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖ͡ʐɨX/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʒieX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖ͡ʐɨX/
Li Rong	/d͡ʒiəX/
Wang Li	/d͡ʒĭəX/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɖ͡ʐʱiX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhì

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter-Sagart): /*[m-s-]rəʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*zrɯʔ/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	仕
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shì
Middle Chinese	‹ dzriX ›
Old Chinese	/*[m-s-]rəʔ/
English	serve
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	仕
Reading #	1/1
No.	11512
Phonetic component	士
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	士
Old Chinese	/*zrɯʔ/

Definitions

仕

1. scholar; official; guardian
2. to serve in the government
3. (Chinese chess) adviser; guard; minister (on the red side)
4. A surname​.

Coordinate terms

• (Chinese chess pieces) 帥/將, 仕/士, 相/象, 俥/車, 傌/馬, 炮/砲, 兵/卒

Compounds

• 不仕
• 仕女 (shìnǚ)
• 仕宦
• 仕版
• 仕紳／仕绅
• 仕譯／仕译
• 仕途 (shìtú)

• 仕進／仕进
• 出仕 (chūshì)
• 學優而仕／学优而仕 (xuéyōu'érshì)
• 將仕郎／将仕郎
• 干仕
• 強仕／强仕

• 懸車致仕／悬车致仕
• 求仕 (qiúshì)
• 筮仕 (shìshì)
• 膴仕
• 致仕
• 貴仕／贵仕

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Japanese

Kanji

仕

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

• Goon: じ (ji, Jōyō, uncommon)
• Kan’on: し (shi, Jōyō)
• Kun: つかえる (tsukaeru, 仕える, Jōyō)^{←つかへる (tukaferu, historical)}; つかまつる (tsukamatsuru, 仕る)
• Nanori: つこう (tsukō)

Compounds

• 仕える (tsukaeru): serve, work for, attend
• 仕方 (shikata): way, method, means
• 仕草 (shigusa): action, acting, gesture
• 仕事 (shigoto): work, job, business
• 仕手 (shite): doer, performer
• 仕様 (shiyō): way, method, means
• 仕業 (shiwaza): deed, act, action
• 仕上げ (shiage): end, finishing touches
• 仕入れ (shiire): stocking, buying up
• 仕打ち (shiuchi): treatment, behavior, action

• 仕送り (shiokuri): allowance, remittance
• 仕掛け (shikake): device, contrivance, trick
• 仕切り (shikiri): partition, division, boundary
• 仕切る (shikiru): partition, divide, mark off
• 仕組み (shikumi): structure, construction, arrangement
• 仕込み (shikomi): training, stocking up
• 仕立て (shitate): tailoring, dressmaking, sewing
• 仕舞う (shimau): finish, do something completely
• 仕事中 (shigotochū): at work, working
• 仕事場 (shigotoba): place where one works

• 仕上がり (shiagari): finish, end, completion
• 仕上げる (shiageru): finish up, complete
• 仕入れる (shiireru): lay in stock, replenish stock
• 仕掛ける (shikakeru): commence, lay, set
• 仕立てる (shitateru): tailor, make, prepare
• 仕方ない (shikata nai): it can't be helped
• 仕事始め (shigotohajime): resuming work after New Year's vacation
• 仕方がない (shikata ga nai): it can't be helped
• お仕舞い (oshimai): the end, closing
• 奉仕 (hōshi): attendance, service, ministry

Noun

仕 (hiragana し, rōmaji shi)

1. official, civil service
   • 仕を致す
     しをいたす
     shi o itasu
     to resign from public office

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Korean

Hanja

仕 • (sa) (hangeul 사)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

仕 (sĩ, sải, sảy, sãi, sẻ, sễ, sẽ, sì, sẩy, sè, sõi, sỡi, xảy)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation