京

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京 U+4EAC, 京
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4EAC
← 享
[U+4EAB]		 CJK Unified Ideographs 亭 →
[U+4EAD]
See also: 亰

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
京-bw.png

Han character[edit]

京 (radical 8 亠+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 卜口火 (YRF), four-corner 00906, composition ⿳亠口小)

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 88, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 299
  • Dae Jaweon: page 187, character 11
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 284, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+4EAC

See also[edit]

  • Chinese Numeral 京
    • Last: 兆
    • Next: Larger numeral exists but not used anymore. (垓)

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 京
alt. forms 亰

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 京
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Large seal script Small seal script
京-oracle.svg 京-bronze.svg 京-bigseal.svg 京-seal.svg
Oracle bone script
ACC-j13492.svg

j13492
ACC-j13493.svg

j13493
ACC-j13494.svg

j13494
ACC-j13495.svg

j13495
ACC-j13496.svg

j13496
ACC-j13497.svg

j13497
ACC-j13498.svg

j13498
ACC-j13499.svg

j13499
ACC-j13500.svg

j13500
ACC-j13501.svg

j13501
ACC-j13502.svg

j13502
ACC-j13503.svg

j13503
ACC-j13504.svg

j13504
ACC-j13505.svg

j13505
ACC-j13506.svg

j13506
ACC-j13507.svg

j13507
ACC-j13508.svg

j13508
Bronze inscriptions
ACC-b08306.svg

b08306
ACC-b08307.svg

b08307
ACC-b08308.svg

b08308
ACC-b08309.svg

b08309
ACC-b08310.svg

b08310
ACC-b08311.svg

b08311
ACC-b08312.svg

b08312
ACC-b08313.svg

b08313
ACC-b08314.svg

b08314
ACC-b08315.svg

b08315
ACC-b08316.svg

b08316
ACC-b08317.svg

b08317
ACC-b08318.svg

b08318
ACC-b08319.svg

b08319
ACC-b08320.svg

b08320
ACC-b08321.svg

b08321
ACC-b08322.svg

b08322
ACC-b08323.svg

b08323
ACC-b08324.svg

b08324
ACC-b08325.svg

b08325
ACC-b08326.svg

b08326
ACC-b08327.svg

b08327
ACC-b08328.svg

b08328
ACC-b08329.svg

b08329
ACC-b08330.svg

b08330
ACC-b08331.svg

b08331
Large seal script
ACC-L33123.svg

L33123
ACC-L33124.svg

L33124
ACC-L33125.svg

L33125
ACC-L33126.svg

L33126
ACC-L33127.svg

L33127
ACC-L33128.svg

L33128
ACC-L33129.svg

L33129
ACC-L33130.svg

L33130
ACC-L33131.svg

L33131
ACC-L10565.svg

L10565
ACC-L10566.svg

L10566
ACC-L10567.svg

L10567
ACC-L10568.svg

L10568
ACC-L10569.svg

L10569
ACC-L10570.svg

L10570
ACC-L10571.svg

L10571
ACC-L10572.svg

L10572
ACC-L10573.svg

L10573
ACC-L10574.svg

L10574
ACC-L10575.svg

L10575
ACC-L10576.svg

L10576
ACC-L10577.svg

L10577
ACC-L10578.svg

L10578
ACC-L10579.svg

L10579
ACC-L10580.svg

L10580
ACC-L10581.svg

L10581
Small seal script
ACC-s03835.svg

s03835
References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (large seal) and
  • Xu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (京) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
涼 *ɡ·raŋ, *ɡ·raŋs, *ɡ·raŋs
凉 *ɡ·raŋ
椋 *ɡ·raŋ
綡 *ɡ·raŋ
輬 *ɡ·raŋ
諒 *ɡ·raŋs
掠 *ɡ·raŋs, *ɡ·raɡ
弶 *ɡaŋs
京 *kraŋ
麖 *kraŋ
鶁 *kraŋ
景 *kraŋʔ
鯨 *ɡraŋ
黥 *ɡraŋ
勍 *ɡraŋ
剠 *ɡraŋ
倞 *ɡraŋs
影 *qraŋʔ
璟 *qraŋʔ, *kʷraŋʔ
憬 *kʷraŋʔ
暻 *kʷraŋʔ
澋 *ɡʷraːŋʔ

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • kiaⁿ - vernacular;
  • keng - literary.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 京
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/
Harbin /t͡ɕiŋ⁴⁴/
Tianjin /t͡ɕiŋ²¹/
Jinan /t͡ɕiŋ²¹³/
Qingdao /t͡ɕiŋ²¹³/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕiŋ²⁴/
Xi'an /t͡ɕiŋ²¹/
Xining /t͡ɕiə̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕiŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕĩn³¹/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕiŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
Chengdu /t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
Guiyang /t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
Kunming /t͡ɕĩ/
Nanjing /t͡ɕin³¹/
Hefei /t͡ɕin²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕiəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /t͡ɕiŋ¹³/
/t͡ɕi¹³/ ～陵城
Hohhot /t͡ɕĩŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /t͡ɕiŋ⁵³/
Suzhou /t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡ɕin³³/
Wenzhou /t͡ɕaŋ³³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕiʌ̃³¹/
Tunxi /t͡ɕiɛ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕin³³/
Xiangtan /t͡ɕin³³/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕin⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /kin⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /kin²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /keŋ⁵³/
Nanning /keŋ⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /kiŋ⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /kiŋ⁵⁵/
/kiã⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kiŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /keiŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /kiã³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /keŋ²³/
Rime
Character 京
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 庚 (111)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 舉卿切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kˠiæŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kᵚiaŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kiaŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kiajŋ/
Li
Rong		 /kiɐŋ/
Wang
Li		 /kĭɐŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ki̯ɐŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 jīng
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 京
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 jīng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ kjæng ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[k]raŋ/
English hill; capital city

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 京
Reading # 1/1
No. 6828
Phonetic
component		 京
Rime
group		 陽
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 驚
Old
Chinese		 /*kraŋ/

Definitions[edit]

京

  1. † artificial mound
  2. capital (city)
  3. Short for 北京 (Běijīng, “Beijing”).
  4. (obsolete) ten million, 107
  5. (obsolete) ten quadrillion, 1016
  6. (obsolete) septillion, 1024
  7. (obsolete) A hundred nonillion, 1032

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 京

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

京

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. capital city
  2. ten quadrillion

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

/kyau/ > /kyoː/.

Noun[edit]

京 (hiragana きょう, rōmaji kyō, historical hiragana きやう)

  1. capital (city)
  2. (abbreviation) Tokyo (東京, Tōkyō)
  3. (abbreviation) Kyoto (京都, Kyōto)

Etymology 2[edit]

宮 (miya, “imperial palace”) +‎ 処 (ko, “place”).

Noun[edit]

京 (hiragana みやこ, rōmaji miyako)

  1. the place where the emperor resides
  2. a city that acts as an economic and political center; capital
  3. metropolis

Etymology 3[edit]

Number[edit]

京 (けい, kei)

  1. 10,000,000,000,000,000, 1016, (US) ten quadrillion, (UK) ten thousand billion

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

京 • (gyeong) (hangeul 경, McCune-Reischauer kyŏng, Yale kyeng)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds[edit]

See also[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

京 (kinh)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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