驚

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See also: 惊
驚 U+9A5A, 驚
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9A5A
← 驙
[U+9A59] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 驛 →
[U+9A5B]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

驚 (radical 187, 馬+12, 22 strokes, cangjie input 廿大尸手火 (TKSQF), four-corner 48327, composition ⿱敬馬)

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 1446, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 45013
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1970, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4576, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+9A5A

Chinese[edit]

trad. 驚
simp. 惊*

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 驚
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
驚-seal.svg 驚-bigseal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (敬) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
蟼 *kraː, *kreŋ, *kreŋʔ
憼 *kaŋʔ, *kreŋʔ
驚 *kreŋ
警 *kreŋʔ
儆 *kreŋʔ, *ɡreŋs
璥 *keŋʔ
檠 *kreŋʔ, *ɡreŋ, *ɡreŋs
敬 *kreŋs
擎 *ɡreŋ
曔 *ɡreŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kreŋ): phonetic 敬 (OC *kreŋs) + semantic 馬, as horses are skittish (easily startled).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • geng1 - vernacular;
  • ging1 - literary.
  • Hakka
  • Min Dong
    • Note:
    • giăng - vernacular;
    • gĭng - literary.
  • Min Nan
    • Note:
    • kiaⁿ - vernacular;
    • keⁿ/kiⁿ - vernacular (limited use, e.g. 驚蟄);
    • keng - literary.
  • Wu
    • Rime
    Character 驚
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 見 (28)
    Final (韻) 庚 (111)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 舉卿切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/kˠiæŋ/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/kᵚiaŋ/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/kiaŋ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/kiajŋ/
    Li
    Rong         		/kiɐŋ/
    Wang
    Li         		/kĭɐŋ/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/ki̯ɐŋ/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		jīng
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 驚
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		jīng
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ kjæng ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*kreŋ/
    English be afraid

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 驚
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 6877
    Phonetic
    component         		敬
    Rime
    group         		耕
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		驚
    Old
    Chinese         		/*kreŋ/

    Definitions[edit]

    驚

    1. to fear; to be afraid
    2. (of a horse etc.) to be startled; to shy
    3. to frighten; to scare
    4. scary; frightening
    5. fearfully; I'm afraid that ...
    Synonyms[edit]
    Dialectal synonyms of 害怕 (“to fear; to be afraid of”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 懼、畏、恐、怯、驚、惶、悚、懾、恇
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 害怕、懼怕、畏懼
    Mandarin Beijing 害怕
    Taiwan 害怕、怕
    Harbin 害怕、發毛
    Jinan 害怕、怕、打怵
    Muping 害怕、怵
    Luoyang 害怕、怕
    Jiedian 驚
    Xi'an 害怕、怕、怯火
    Xuzhou 嫌怕、打怵
    Yinchuan 害怕、嚇
    Lanzhou 害怕、怯、怯乎、怯豁
    Ürümqi 害怕
    Wuhan 嚇不過、怕
    Chengdu 害怕、虛火、虛
    Guiyang 害怕、怕
    Liuzhou 慌
    Yangzhou 害怕、怕、怕懼、懼乎
    Nanjing 嚇怕、怕
    Hefei 怕
    Cantonese Guangzhou 驚、怕、慌、窒
    Hong Kong 驚、怕、慌
    Shunde 慌
    Foshan 驚、窒
    Zhongshan 驚
    Dongguan 狂
    Hong Kong (Weitou) 狂
    Taishan 𢗉
    Doumen 驚
    Kaiping 𢗉
    Shaoguan 驚、窒
    Yunfu 怕、驚
    Yangjiang 𢗉
    Xinyi 狂
    Lianjiang 驚
    Kuala Lumpur 驚
    Gan Nanchang 怕
    Lichuan 怕
    Hakka Meixian 驚、怕畏、畏、怕
    Changting 怕
    Wuping 怕
    Ninghua 怕
    Yudu 怕
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 驚
    Liudui (S. Sixian) 驚
    Hsinchu (Hailu) 驚
    Dongshi (Dabu) 驚
    Zhuolan (Raoping) 驚
    Yunlin (Zhao'an) 驚
    Hong Kong 狂
    Sabah 狂
    Senai 狂
    Singkawang 驚
    Huizhou Jixi 怕、嚇
    Jin Taiyuan 害怕、怕
    Xinzhou 著怕、怕
    Min Bei Jian'ou 驚、怕、怯、畏
    Dikou 驚
    Songxi 驚
    Zhenghe 驚
    Zhenqian 驚
    Jianyang 驚
    Wuyishan 嚇
    Shibei 嚇
    Min Dong Fuzhou 驚
    Changle 驚
    Fuqing 驚
    Yongtai 驚
    Gutian 驚
    Fu'an 驚
    Ningde 驚
    Shouning 驚
    Zhouning 驚
    Fuding 驚
    Min Nan Xiamen 驚、驚惶、懾、懾屎
    Quanzhou 驚、懾、懾屎
    Zhangzhou 驚、驚惶、懾
    Taipei 驚
    Kaohsiung 驚
    Tainan 驚
    Taichung 驚
    Wuqi 驚惶
    Hsinchu 驚
    Taitung 驚
    Lukang 驚
    Yilan 驚
    Magong 驚
    Penang 驚
    Chaozhou 驚
    Johor Bahru 驚
    Haikou 驚
    Leizhou 驚
    Puxian Min Putian 驚
    Pinghua Nanning 狂、怕
    Wu Shanghai 怕、嚇
    Suzhou 怕、嚇
    Hangzhou 怕、嚇、慌、怕慌、發毛
    Wenzhou 怕、嚇
    Chongming 嚇
    Danyang 怕
    Jinhua 光
    Ningbo 怕、嚇
    Xiang Changsha 怕、畏怯
    Shuangfeng 怕
    Loudi 怕

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 驚

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    驚

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Derived terms[edit]

    Readings[edit]

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    驚 • (gyeong) (hangeul 경, revised gyeong, McCune–Reischauer kyŏng, Yale kyeng)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    驚 (kinh)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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