驚
Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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See also: 惊
Contents
Translingual[edit]
Han character[edit]
驚 (radical 187 馬+13, 22 strokes, cangjie input 廿大尸手火 (TKSQF), four-corner 48327, composition ⿱敬馬)
Descendants[edit]
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 1446, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 45013
- Dae Jaweon: page 1970, character 18
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4576, character 6
- Unihan data for U+9A5A
Chinese[edit]
| trad. | 驚 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 惊 | |
Glyph origin[edit]
| Historical forms of the character 驚
|
|
|---|---|
| Large seal script | Small seal script |
 |
 |
| Characters in the same phonetic series (敬) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 蟼 | *kraː, *kreŋ, *kreŋʔ |
| 憼 | *kaŋʔ, *kreŋʔ |
| 驚 | *kreŋ |
| 警 | *kreŋʔ |
| 儆 | *kreŋʔ, *ɡreŋs |
| 璥 | *keŋʔ |
| 檠 | *kreŋʔ, *ɡreŋ, *ɡreŋs |
| 敬 | *kreŋs |
| 擎 | *ɡreŋ |
| 曔 | *ɡreŋs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kreŋ): phonetic 敬 (OC *kreŋs) + semantic 馬, as horses are skittish (easily startled).
Pronunciation[edit]
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): geng1, ging1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kiâng
- Min Dong (BUC): giăng / gĭng
- Min Nan
- Wu (Wiktionary): jin (T1)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥ
- Wade-Giles: ching1
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jing
- IPA (key): /t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: geng1, ging1
- Yale: gēng, gīng
- Cantonese Pinyin: geng1, ging1
- Guangdong Romanization: géng1, ging1
- IPA (key): /kɛːŋ⁵⁵/, /kɪŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
Note:
- geng1 - vernacular;
- ging1 - literary.
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiâng
- Hakka Romanization System: giang´
- Hagfa Pinyim: giang1
- IPA: /ki̯aŋ²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: giăng / gĭng
- IPA (key): /kiaŋ⁵⁵/, /kiŋ⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
Note:
- giăng - vernacular;
- gĭng - literary.
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: keⁿ
- Tâi-lô: kenn
- Phofsit Daibuun: kvef
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kẽ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Taipei, Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiⁿ
- Tâi-lô: kinn
- Phofsit Daibuun: kvy
- IPA (Taipei): /kĩ⁴⁴/
- IPA (Xiamen): /kĩ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
Note:
- kiaⁿ - vernacular;
- keⁿ/kiⁿ - vernacular (limited use, e.g. 驚蟄);
- keng - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: gian1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kiaⁿ
- IPA (key): /kĩã³³/
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: jin (T1)
- IPA (key): /t͡ɕɪɲ⁵³/
- (Shanghainese)
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 驚 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 庚 (111) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 舉卿切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/kˠiæŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/kᵚiaŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/kiaŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/kiajŋ/ |
| Li Rong |
/kiɐŋ/ |
| Wang Li |
/kĭɐŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ki̯ɐŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
jīng |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 驚 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
jīng |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ kjæng › |
| Old Chinese |
/*kreŋ/ |
| English | be afraid |
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
|
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 驚 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 6877 |
| Phonetic component |
敬 |
| Rime group |
耕 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
驚 |
| Old Chinese |
/*kreŋ/ |
Definitions[edit]
驚
- to fear; to be afraid
- (of a horse etc.) to be startled; to shy
- to frighten; to scare
- scary; frightening
- fearfully; I'm afraid that ...
Compounds[edit]
Derived terms from 驚
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
驚
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Derived terms[edit]
Readings[edit]
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
驚 • (gyeong) (hangeul 경, revised gyeong, McCune-Reischauer kyŏng, Yale kyeng)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
驚 (kinh)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
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