擾亂

See also: 扰乱 and 擾乱

Chinese

		disturb	in confusion; disorderly
trad. (擾亂)		擾	亂
simp. (扰乱)		扰	乱

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): rǎoluàn

  (Zhuyin): ㄖㄠˇ ㄌㄨㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jiu² lyun⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yéu-lon
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): liáu-loān / jiáu-loān

  (Teochew, Peng'im): riao² luang⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: rǎoluàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄠˇ ㄌㄨㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: rǎoluàn
    • Wade–Giles: jao³-luan⁴
    • Yale: rǎu-lwàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: raoluann
    • Palladius: жаолуань (žaoluanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯än⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: jiu² lyun⁶
    • Yale: yíu lyuhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jiu² lyn⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: yiu² lün⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːu̯³⁵ lyːn²²/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yéu-lon
    • Hakka Romanization System: ieu` lon
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yeu<sup>3</sup> lon<sup>4</sup>
    • Sinological IPA: /i̯eu̯³¹ lon⁵⁵/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yéu-lon
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)ieu` lon
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yeu³ lon⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯eu̯³¹ lon⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liáu-loān
    • Tâi-lô: liáu-luān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: liawloan
    • IPA (Taipei): /liau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ luan³³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /liau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ luan⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /liau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ luan²²/
  • (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jiáu-loān
    • Tâi-lô: jiáu-luān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: jiawloan
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ziau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ luan³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ziau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ luan²²/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: riao² luang⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: jiáu luăng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /d͡ziau⁵²⁻³⁵ luaŋ³⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: nyewX lwanH

Rime
Character	擾	亂
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	日 (38)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	宵 (91)	桓 (62)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	而沼切	郎段切
Baxter	nyewX	lwanH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵiᴇuX/	/luɑnH/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵiɛuX/	/lʷɑnH/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑjæuX/	/luɑnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵiawX/	/lwanH/
Li Rong	/ȵiɛuX/	/luɑnH/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭɛuX/	/luɑnH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯ɛuX/	/luɑnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	rǎo	luàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jiu5	lyun6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*njiwʔ  roːns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	亂
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	luàn
Middle Chinese	‹ lwanH ›
Old Chinese	/*[r]ˁo[n]-s/
English	disorder, rebellion
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	擾	亂
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	9369	8645
Phonetic component	夒	亂
Rime group	幽	元
Rime subdivision	3	3
Corresponding MC rime	擾	亂
Old Chinese	/*njiwʔ/	/*roːns/

Verb

擾亂

1. to throw into disorder; to disturb; to harass; to disrupt; to perturb

   擾亂課堂秩序／扰乱课堂秩序  ―  rǎoluàn kètáng zhìxù  ―  to disrupt classroom order

Synonyms

• 告擾／告扰 (gàorǎo) (formal, humble, polite)
• 吵擾／吵扰 (chǎorǎo)
• 困擾／困扰 (kùnrǎo)
• 干擾 (gānrǎo)
• 打亂／打乱 (dǎluàn)
• 打擾／打扰 (dǎrǎo)
• 打攪／打搅 (dǎjiǎo)
• 搗／捣 (dǎo) (literary, or in compounds)
• 攪／搅 (jiǎo)
• 攪亂／搅乱 (jiǎoluàn)
• 攪動／搅动 (jiǎodòng)
• 攪吵／搅吵 (Hokkien)
• 攪擾／搅扰 (jiǎorǎo)
• 梟亂／枭乱 (xiāoluàn) (literary)
• 殽亂／淆乱 (xiáoluàn) (literary)
• 煩／烦 (fán)
• 煩擾／烦扰 (fánrǎo)
• 糾紛／纠纷 (jiūfēn) (literary)
• 糾纏／纠缠 (jiūchán)
• 纏／缠 (chán)
• 纏擾／缠扰 (chánrǎo)
• 纏磨／缠磨 (chánmo) (colloquial)
• 纏繞／缠绕 (chánrào)
• 驚／惊 (jīng)
• 驚動／惊动 (jīngdòng)

 

Adjective

擾亂

1. (Classical) in a state of turmoil

   • 君臣擾亂，上下不分別。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     君臣扰乱，上下不分别。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Lü Buwei, Master Lü's Spring and Autumn Annals, 239 BCE

     Jūnchén rǎoluàn, shàngxià bù fēnbié. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
擾	亂
じょう Hyōgaiji	らん Hyōgaiji
kan’on	on’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 擾亂 – see the following entry.

【擾乱じょうらん】 [noun] disturbance [noun] (sciences) disturbance [verb] to disturb

(This term, 擾亂, is the kyūjitai of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja in this term
擾	亂

Noun

擾亂 • (yoran) (hangeul 요란)

1. Hanja form^? of 요란.