怯
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]怯 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 心土戈 (PGI), four-corner 94031, composition ⿰忄去)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 382, character 18
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10491
- Dae Jaweon: page 712, character 8
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2283, character 6
- Unihan data for U+602F
Chinese
[edit]simp. and trad. |
怯 |
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Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 怯 |
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Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Small seal script |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): hip3
- Northern Min (KCR): kiĕ
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄝˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ciè
- Wade–Giles: chʻieh4
- Yale: chyè
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chieh
- Palladius: це (ce)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄝˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cyuè
- Wade–Giles: chʻüeh4
- Yale: chywè
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiueh
- Palladius: цюэ (cjue)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰy̯ɛ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: hip3
- Yale: hip
- Cantonese Pinyin: hip8
- Guangdong Romanization: hib3
- Sinological IPA (key): /hiːp̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: kiĕ
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰiɛ²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Southern Min
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: khjaep
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*kʰab/
Definitions
[edit]怯
- timid; cowardly
- 2013 August 15, Dante Lam, 激戰 [jīzhàn, Unbeatable], spoken by 程輝 [Ching Fai] (Nick Cheung Ka Fai), Bona Film Group:
- to fear; to be afraid of
- (dialectal) vulgar; tawdry
- weak; feeble
Compounds
[edit]- 三好兩怯/三好两怯
- 不怯氣/不怯气
- 劣怯
- 勞怯/劳怯
- 卑怯 (bēiqiè)
- 喬怯/乔怯
- 大勇若怯
- 嬌怯/娇怯
- 嬌怯怯/娇怯怯
- 寒怯
- 小怯大勇
- 弱怯怯
- 心怯 (xīnqiè)
- 怯上
- 怯口 (quèkǒu)
- 怯場/怯场
- 怯夫 (qièfū)
- 怯床
- 怯弱 (qièruò)
- 怯怯
- 怯怯喬喬/怯怯乔乔
- 怯怯羞羞
- 怯憐戶/怯怜户
- 怯懦 (qiènuò)
- 怯死
- 怯殼兒/怯壳儿
- 怯生 (qièshēng)
- 怯生生
- 怯症
- 怯禮/怯礼
- 怯聲怯氣/怯声怯气
- 怯話/怯话
- 怯陣/怯阵
- 怯頭怯惱/怯头怯恼
- 恇怯
- 情怯
- 懼怯/惧怯 (jùquè)
- 畏怯 (wèiqiè)
- 瘦怯怯
- 羞怯 (xiūqiè)
- 羞怯怯
- 脆怯
- 膽怯/胆怯 (dǎnqiè)
- 臨死不怯/临死不怯
- 薄怯
- 薄怯怯
- 薄薄怯怯
- 虛怯/虚怯
- 軟怯怯/软怯怯
- 近鄉情怯/近乡情怯
- 退怯怯
- 露怯 (lòuqiè)
- 餒怯/馁怯
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- “Query for 怯”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Hokkien and Mandarin), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]怯
- to be scared, to be frightened
- timid; cowardly
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: こう (kō)←こふ (kofu, historical)
- Kan-on: きょう (kyō)←けふ (kefu, historical)
- Kun: おびえる (obieru, 怯る)、おじける (ojikeru, 怯じける)、おそれる (osoreru, 怯れる)、ひるむ (hirumu, 怯む)、よわい (yowai, 怯い)
Compounds
[edit]Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 怯 (MC khjaep).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [kʌ̹p̚]
- Phonetic hangul: [겁]
Hanja
[edit]怯 (eumhun 겁(怯)낼 겁 (geomnael geop))
Compounds
[edit]- 겁나 (怯懦, geomna)
- 겁눌 (怯訥, geomnul)
- 겁렬 (怯劣, geomnyeol)
- 겁부 (怯夫, geopbu)
- 겁설 (怯薛, geopseol)
- 겁성 (怯聲, geopseong)
- 겁심 (怯心, geopsim)
- 겁약 (怯弱, geobyak)
- 겁의 (怯疑, geobui)
- 겁침 (怯鍼, geopchim)
- 겁타 (怯惰, geopta)
- 겁포 (怯怖, geop'po)
- 겁협 (怯脅, geophyeop)
- 경겁 (驚怯, gyeonggeop)
- 공겁 (恐怯, gonggeop)
- 과겁 (過怯, gwageop)
- 기겁 (氣怯, gigeop)
- 나겁 (愞怯, nageop)
- 나겁 (懦怯, nageop)
- 노겁 (老怯, nogeop)
- 다겁 (多怯, dageop)
- 대겁 (大怯, daegeop)
- 무겁 (無怯/無㥘, mugeop)
- 비겁 (卑怯, bigeop)
- 생겁 (生怯, saenggeop)
- 식겁 (食怯, sikgeop)
- 신겁 (腎怯, sin'geop)
- 심겁 (心怯, simgeop)
- 여겁 (餘怯, yeogeop)
- 외겁 (畏怯, oegeop)
- 자겁 (自怯, jageop)
- 취겁 (脆怯, chwigeop)
- 파겁 (破怯, pageop)
- 허겁 (虛怯, heogeop)
- 혼겁 (魂怯, hon'geop)
- 황겁 (惶怯, hwanggeop)
- 끽겁 (喫怯, kkikgeop)
References
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]怯: Hán Nôm readings: khiếp, khép
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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- Japanese kanji with goon reading こう
- Japanese kanji with historical goon reading こふ
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading きょう
- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading けふ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading おびえ・る
- Japanese kanji with kun reading お・じける
- Japanese kanji with kun reading おそ・れる
- Japanese kanji with kun reading ひる・む
- Japanese kanji with kun reading よわ・い
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