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See also:
U+6DBC, 涼
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6DBC

[U+6DBB]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+6DBD]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 85, +8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 水卜口火 (EYRF), four-corner 30196, composition )

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 628, character 24
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17606
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1030, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1657, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+6DBC

Chinese[edit]

trad. /
simp.
alternative forms

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *ɡ·raŋ, *ɡ·raŋs, *ɡ·raŋs): semantic (water) + phonetic (OC *kraŋ).

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/s-glak ~ m-glaŋ (cold; freeze). Cognate with (OC *sraŋ, “frost”), Tibetan གྲང་ (grang, cold). According to Schuessler (2007), this etymon seems to have a wider distribution: Compare Austroasiatic Kharia raŋga (cold; freeze), Khmer រងា (rɔngiə, cold).

A derivative is probably (OC *sʰaːŋ, “cold”). A vocalic variant is (OC *raːŋʔ, *reːŋ, *reːŋʔ, “cold”).

Pronunciation 1[edit]


Note:
  • liâng - literary (cool, free from worry, heat-preventing in Zhangzhou);
  • liông - literary (heat-preventing in Quanzhou and Xiamen);
  • niû/niô͘ - vernacular.
  • Wu

  • Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/2
    Initial () (37)
    Final () (105)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter ljang
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /lɨɐŋ/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /liɐŋ/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /liɑŋ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /lɨaŋ/
    Li
    Rong
    /liaŋ/
    Wang
    Li
    /lĭaŋ/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /li̯aŋ/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    liáng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    loeng4
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    liáng
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ ljang ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*C.raŋ/
    English cold

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/3
    No. 6818
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*ɡ·raŋ/

    Definitions[edit]

    1. cool; cold
    2. discouraged; disheartened
    3. forlorn
    4. (traditional Chinese medicine) heat-preventing
    5. (slang, neologism) be done for; be finished or destroyed; gone for the dogs; curtains (for someone)
      Flash平臺 [MSC, trad.]
      Flash平台 [MSC, simp.]
      Dōu sàn le ba, Flash píngtái yǐ liáng! [Pinyin]
      [Let's] all go away; Flash platform is already dead!
      作為手機系統webOS早就 [MSC, trad.]
      作为手机系统webOS早就 [MSC, simp.]
      Zuòwéi shǒujī xìtǒng de webOS zǎojiù liáng tòu le! [Pinyin]
      webOS as a cell phone OS is dead thoroughly long since!
    6. (Quanzhou and Xiamen Hokkien) free from worry; congenial
    7. (Cantonese) to get cool (from a fan or an aircon)
    See also[edit]
    • (lěng, “cold”)

    Compounds[edit]

    Pronunciation 2[edit]



    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 2/2
    Initial () (37)
    Final () (105)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter ljangH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /lɨɐŋH/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /liɐŋH/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /liɑŋH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /lɨaŋH/
    Li
    Rong
    /liaŋH/
    Wang
    Li
    /lĭaŋH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /li̯aŋH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    liàng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    loeng6
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 2/3
    No. 6824
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*ɡ·raŋs/

    Definitions[edit]

    1. to allow (a hot object) to cool by letting it sit for a while
    2. to assist

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Alternative forms[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    りょう
    Grade: S
    on’yomi

    Kanji[edit]

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    1. cool, refreshing
    2. lonely, desolate

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    /rɨau//rjau//rjɔː//rjoː/

    From Middle Chinese (MC ljang|ljangH).

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    (りょう) (ryōりやう (ryau)?

    1. cool breeze; refreshing coolness

    Derived terms[edit]

    Proper noun[edit]

    (りょう) (Ryōりやう (ryau)?

    1. (historical) Liang, name of five of the Sixteen Kingdoms:
      1. 前涼 (Zenryō, Former Liang, 320–376 CE)
      2. 後涼 (Kōryō, Goryō, Later Liang, 386–403 CE)
      3. 南涼 (Nanryō, Southern Liang, 397–414 CE)
      4. 北涼 (Hokuryō, Northern Liang, 397–439 CE)
      5. 西涼 (Seiryō, Western Liang, 400–421 CE)
    2. a female given name

    References[edit]

    1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    (eumhun 서늘할 (seoneulhal ryang), South Korea 서늘할 (seoneulhal yang))

    1. Hanja form? of / (cool, cold).
    2. Hanja form? of / (disheartened).

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    : Hán Nôm readings: lương, ghềnh

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.