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See also: 𠅙
U+4EAE, 亮
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4EAE

[U+4EAD]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+4EAF]
U+F977, 亮
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F977

[U+F976]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
[U+F978]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order (Mainland China)
9 strokes

Alternative forms[edit]

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 8, +7, 9 strokes, cangjie input 卜口月山 (YRBU), four-corner 00217, composition or ⿱⿳(G) or ⿱⿳(HTJK or U+F977))

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 89, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 304
  • Dae Jaweon: page 188, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 286, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+4EAE

Chinese[edit]

trad.
simp. #
alternative forms 𠅙

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character




References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Ideogrammic compound (會意会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *raŋs): semantic (person) + phonetic (OC *kraŋ, building; tower).

Etymology[edit]

Part of an Austroasiatic word family; compare Khmer [script needed] (-rāṃṅa, to be light; to be bright) (Schuessler, 2007), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *raaŋʔ (light; to shine); as well as:

  • ស្រាំង (srang, to be pale; to be colourless) with (OC *sraŋʔ),
  • [script needed] (brāṅa, to grow light (after dark)) with (OC *praŋʔ).
  • បំព្រាង (bɑmpriəng, to shed a pale light) with (OC *mraŋ).

Alternatively, STEDT compares it to Proto-Kuki-Chin *klaaŋ-I, *klaan-II (to shine; light; bright).

Pronunciation[edit]


Note:
  • Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taiwan:
    • liāng - colloquial;
    • liōng - literary.
  • (Teochew)
  • Wu
  • Xiang

    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location
    Mandarin Beijing /liɑŋ⁵¹/
    Harbin /liaŋ⁵³/
    Tianjin /liɑŋ⁵³/
    Jinan /liaŋ²¹/
    Qingdao /liaŋ⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /liaŋ³¹²/
    Xi'an /liaŋ⁴⁴/
    Xining /liɔ̃²¹³/
    Yinchuan /liɑŋ¹³/
    Lanzhou /liɑ̃¹³/
    Ürümqi /liɑŋ²¹³/
    Wuhan /niaŋ³⁵/
    Chengdu /niaŋ¹³/
    Guiyang /niaŋ²¹³/
    Kunming /liã̠²¹²/
    Nanjing /liaŋ⁴⁴/
    Hefei /liɑ̃⁵³/
    Jin Taiyuan /liɒ̃⁴⁵/
    Pingyao /liɑŋ³⁵/
    /luə³⁵/
    Hohhot /liɑ̃⁵⁵/
    Wu Shanghai /liã²³/
    Suzhou /liã³¹/
    Hangzhou /liɑŋ¹³/
    Wenzhou /li²²/
    Hui Shexian /lia²²/
    Tunxi /liau¹¹/
    Xiang Changsha /lian⁵⁵/
    /lian¹¹/
    Xiangtan /nian²¹/
    Gan Nanchang /liɔŋ²¹/
    Hakka Meixian /lioŋ⁵³/
    Taoyuan /lioŋ⁵⁵/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /lœŋ²²/
    Nanning /lœŋ²²/
    Hong Kong /lœŋ²²/
    Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /liɔŋ²²/
    Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /luɔŋ²⁴²/
    Jian'ou (Northern Min) /liɔŋ⁴⁴/
    Shantou (Teochew) /liaŋ³⁵/
    Haikou (Hainanese) /liaŋ³⁵/

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (37)
    Final () (105)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter ljangH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /lɨɐŋH/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /liɐŋH/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /liɑŋH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /lɨaŋH/
    Li
    Rong
    /liaŋH/
    Wang
    Li
    /lĭaŋH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /li̯aŋH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    liàng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    loeng6
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    liàng
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ ljangH ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*[r]aŋ-s/
    English brightness

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 8062
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*raŋs/

    Definitions[edit]

    1. bright; brilliant; radiant
    2. loud and clear
    3. (dialectal Mandarin, dialectal Wu, Xiang) lamp; light
    4. to shine; to illuminate
      [Eastern Min]  ―  Liông-dō̤ / [l̃uoŋ²⁴²⁻⁵³ (t-)no³³] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]  ―  Liang Island, Beigan, Lienchiang (Matsu), ROC (Taiwan)
    5. (neologism) to be the highlight; to be epic
    6. to make one's voice loud and clear; to raise one's voice
    7. to reveal; to disclose
    8. a surname

    Synonyms[edit]

    • (loud and clear):

    Compounds[edit]

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

    1. clear
    2. help

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Proper noun[edit]

    (りょう) (Ryōりやう (ryau)?

    1. a male given name

    (あきら) (Akira

    1. a male given name

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    (eum (ryang))

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    : Hán Nôm readings: lượng, lương

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    References[edit]