Vietnamese

See also: Viëtnamese

English

Alternative forms

• Viet-Namese (obsolete)

Etymology

From Vietnam +‎ -ese.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˌviː.ət.nəˈmiːz/, /viˌɛt.nəˈmiːz/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -iːz

Adjective

Vietnamese (not comparable)

1. Of or pertaining to Vietnam.
   • 2019, Ocean Vuong, On Earth We're Briefly Gorgeous, Jonathan Cape, page 228:

     As I rubbed my face, a middle-aged man gripped my neck, the way Vietnamese fathers or uncles often do when trying to pour their strength into you.

Derived terms

• anti-Vietnamese
• East Vietnamese Sea
• Vietnamese balm
• Vietnamese cassia
• Vietnamese cilantro
• Vietnamese cinnamon
• Vietnamese coffee
• Vietnamese coriander
• Vietnamese fermented glutinous rice
• Vietnamese fermented sticky rice
• Vietnamese fermented sweet rice
• Vietnamese greenfinch
• Vietnamese mint
• Vietnamese mossy frog
• Vietnameseness
• Vietnamese pot-bellied pig
• Vietnamese sandwich
• Vietnamese spring roll
• Vietnamese studies
• Vietnamese time bomb
• Vietnamese tuberculosis

Translations

of or pertaining to Vietnam

• Afrikaans: Viëtnamees (af)
• Albanian: vietnamez (sq)
• Arabic: فِيتْنَامِيّ (fitnāmiyy)
• Armenian: վիետնամական (vietnamakan)
• Asturian: vietnamita (ast)
• Azerbaijani: vyetnam
• Basque: vietnamdar
• Belarusian: в'етна́мскі (vʺjetnámski)
• Bengali: ভিয়েতনামী (bhiẏetnami)
• Bulgarian: виетна́мски (vietnámski)
• Burmese: ဗီယက်နမ် (my) (biyaknam)
• Catalan: vietnamita (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 越南的 (zh) (Yuènán de)

• Czech: vietnamský (cs)
• Danish: vietnamesisk
• Dutch: Vietnamees (nl)
• Estonian: vietnami
• Farefare: viɛtnã, viɛtga
• Finnish: vietnamilainen (fi)
• French: vietnamien (fr)
• Galician: vietnamita (gl)
• Georgian: ვიეტნამური (vieṭnamuri)
• German: vietnamesisch (de)
• Haitian Creole: vyetnamyen
• Hawaiian: Wiekanama
• Hebrew: וְיֶטְנָאמִי (vietnami)
• Hindi: वियतनामी (hi) (viyatnāmī)
• Hungarian: vietnami (hu)
• Irish: Fítneamach
• Italian: vietnamita (it)
• Japanese: ベトナムの (ja) (Betonamu no)
• Kazakh: вьетнам (vetnam), вьетнамдық (vetnamdyq)
• Khmer: យួន (km) (yuən), វៀតណាម (km) (viət naam)
• Korean: 베트남의 (ko) (beteunamui)
• Kyrgyz: вьетнам (vyetnam)
• Lao: ຫວຽດນາມ (lo) (huāit nām)
• Latin: ^{(please verify)} vietnamensis, ^{(please verify)} vietnamicus, Annamiticus
• Latvian: vjetnamiešu
• Lithuanian: vietnamiečių (lt), vietnamietiškas
• Macedonian: виетнамски (vietnamski)
• Maltese: Vjetnamiż
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: вьетнам (vʹjetnam)

  Mongolian: ᠸᠢᠶᠧᠲ᠋ᠨ᠋ᠠᠮ (wiyētnam)

• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: vietnamesisk (no)

  Nynorsk: vietnamesisk (nn)

• Persian: ویتنامی (fa) (viyatnâmi)
• Polish: wietnamski (pl)
• Portuguese: vietnamita (pt)
• Romanian: vietnamez (ro)
• Russian: вьетна́мский (ru) (vʹjetnámskij)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: ви̏јетнамскӣ

  Roman: vȉjetnamskī (sh)

• Slovak: vietnamský
• Slovene: vietnamski (sl)
• Spanish: vietnamita (es)
• Swedish: vietnamesisk (sv)
• Tajik: вьетнамӣ (vyetnami)
• Thai: เวียดนาม (th) (wîiat-naam), ญวน (th) (yuuan)
• Turkish: Vietnamlı (tr), Vietnam (tr)
• Turkmen: wýetnam
• Ukrainian: в'єтна́мський (uk) (vʺjetnámsʹkyj)
• Urdu: ویتنامی (viyatnāmī)
• Uyghur: ۋيېتنام (wyëtnam)
• Uzbek: vyetnam (uz), vyetnamlik
• Vietnamese: Việt (vi), (thuộc) Việt Nam
• Welsh: Fietnamaidd

Noun

Vietnamese (countable and uncountable, plural Vietnamese)

1. (countable, chiefly in the plural) A person or people from Vietnam or of Vietnamese descent.
   • 2023, Cecile Pin, Wandering Souls, 4th Estate, page 36:

     They were buried in a gravesite near Kai Tak, alongside other Vietnamese who hadn’t made it safely to shore.

2. (uncountable) Vietnamese cuisine; traditional Vietnamese food.

Usage notes

• As with other terms for people formed with -ese, the countable singular noun in reference to a person (as in "I am a Vietnamese", "writing about Vietnamese cuisine as a Vietnamese") is uncommon and often taken as grammatically incorrect. In its place, the adjective is used, by itself (as in "I am Vietnamese") or before a noun like person, man, or woman ("writing about Vietnamese cuisine as a Vietnamese person"). See also -ish, which is similarly only primarily used as an adjective or as a plural noun.

Translations

Vietnamese person

• Afrikaans: Viëtnamees (af)
• Albanian: vietnamez (sq) m
• Arabic: فِيتْنَامِيّ (fitnāmiyy), فِيتْنَامِيَّة (ar) f (fītnāmiyya)
• Armenian: վիետնամցի (vietnamcʻi)
• Asturian: vietnamita (ast) m or f
• Azerbaijani: vyetnamlı
• Basque: vietnamdar
• Belarusian: в'етна́мец m (vʺjetnámjec), в'етна́мка f (vʺjetnámka)
• Bulgarian: виетна́мец m (vietnámec), виетна́мка f (vietnámka)
• Catalan: vietnamita (ca) m or f
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 越南人 (jyut⁶ naam⁴ jan⁴)

  Mandarin: 越南人 (zh) (yuènánrén)

• Czech: Vietnamec (cs) m, Vietnamka (cs) f
• Danish: vietnameser (da)
• Dutch: Vietnamees (nl) m, Vietnamese (nl) f
• Esperanto: (man or woman) vjetnamano, (woman) vjetnamanino
• Estonian: vietnamlane
• Finnish: vietnamilainen (fi)
• French: Vietnamien (fr) m, Vietnamienne (fr) f, niakoué (fr) m or f
• Galician: vietnamita (gl) m or f
• Georgian: ვიეტნამელი (vieṭnameli)
• German: Vietnamese (de) m, Vietnamesin (de) f
• Hawaiian: Wiekanama
• Hebrew: וְיֶטְנָאמִי (vietnami)
• Hindi: वियतनामी (hi) m or f (viyatnāmī)
• Hungarian: vietnami (hu)
• Italian: vietnamita (it) m or f
• Japanese: ベトナム人 (ja) (ベトナムじん, betonamujin)
• Jarai: Yuăn
• Kazakh: вьетнамдық (vetnamdyq)
• Khmer: វៀតណាម (km) (viət naam), (offensive) យួន (km) (yuən)
• Korean: 베트남인 (beteunamin), 베트남 사람 (beteunam saram)
• Kyrgyz: вьетнамдык (vyetnamdık)
• Latvian: vjetnamietis m, vjetnamiete f
• Lithuanian: vietnamietis (lt) m, vietnamietė (lt) f
• Macedonian: Виетнамец m (Vietnamec), Виетнамка f (Vietnamka)
• Mon: ယောန် (mnw)
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: вьетнам хүн (vʹjetnam xün)

• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: vietnameser m

  Nynorsk: vietnamesar (nn) m

• Polish: Wietnamczyk (pl) m, Wietnamka (pl) f
• Portuguese: vietnamita (pt) m or f
• Rade: Yuăn
• Romanian: vietnamez (ro) m, vietnameză (ro) f
• Russian: вьетна́мец (ru) m (vʹjetnámec), вьетна́мка (ru) f (vʹjetnámka), вьетна́мцы (ru) pl (vʹjetnámcy)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: Вијетнамац m, Вијетнамка f

  Roman: Vijetnamac m, Vijetnamka f

• Slovak: Vietnamec (sk) m, Vietnamka f
• Slovene: Vietnamec m, Vietnamka f
• Spanish: vietnamita (es) m or f
• Swahili: Mvietinamu, Mvieti
• Swedish: vietnames (sv) m, vietnamesiska (sv) f
• Tajik: вьетнамӣ (vyetnami)
• Thai: คนเวียดนาม (kon wîat-naam)
• Turkish: Vietnamlı (tr)
• Turkmen: wýetnamly
• Ukrainian: в'єтна́мець (uk) m (vʺjetnámecʹ), в'єтна́мка f (vʺjetnámka)
• Uyghur: ۋيېتناملىق (wyëtnamliq)
• Uzbek: vyetnam (uz), vyetnamlik
• Vietnamese: người Việt (𠊛越), người Việt Nam
• White Hmong: Nyab laj
• Yakut: вьетнамец (vʹetnamets)

Proper noun

Vietnamese

1. The Austroasiatic language spoken predominantly in Vietnam.

   Synonyms: Annamese, Annamite

   • 2019, Ocean Vuong, On Earth We're Briefly Gorgeous, Jonathan Cape, page 31:

     The Vietnamese I own is the one you gave me, the one whose diction and syntax reach only the second-grade level.

   • 2023 December 30, Daniel W. Hieber, “Why I hate conlangs”, in Linguistic Discovery‎^[1], archived from the original on 24 May 2024:

     If the idea of “exotic” and complex languages with features you’ve never imagined thrills you, I guarantee you’ll get more out of studying Navajo, American Sign Language, Kikuyu, Vietnamese, Cree, Cantonese, Quechua, or Nuuchahnnulth than Quenya, Klingon, or attempting to make your own.

Translations

language

• Afrikaans: Viëtnamees (af)
• Akan: viɛtnam kasa
• Arabic: اَلْفِيتْنَامِيَّة f (al-fitnamiyya), فِيتْنَامِيّ m (fitnāmiyy)
• Armenian: վիետնամերեն (hy) (vietnameren)
• Asturian: vietnamita (ast) m
• Basque: vietnamera (eu)
• Belarusian: в'етна́мская мо́ва f (vʺjetnámskaja móva), в'етна́мская (be) f (vʺjetnámskaja)
• Breton: viêtnameg m, vietnameg (br) m
• Burmese: ဗီယက်နမ် (my) (biyaknam), ဗီယက်နမ်ဘာသာ (biyaknambhasa)
• Catalan: vietnamita (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 越南話 / 越南话 (jyut⁶ naam⁴ waa^6-2)

  Mandarin: 越南語 / 越南语 (zh) (yuènányǔ)

• Chuanqiandian Cluster Miao: please add this translation if you can
• Czech: vietnamština (cs) f
• Danish: vietnamesisk
• Dutch: Vietnamees (nl)
• Estonian: vietnami
• Farefare: viɛtnãnnɛ, viɛtnɛ
• Finnish: vietnam (fi)
• French: vietnamien (fr) m
• Galician: vietnamita (gl) m
• Georgian: ვიეტნამური (vieṭnamuri)
• German: Vietnamesisch (de) n
• Greek: βιετναμικά (el) n pl (vietnamiká)
• Green Hmong: please add this translation if you can
• Hindi: वियतनामी (hi) f (viyatnāmī)
• Hungarian: vietnami (hu)
• Italian: vietnamita (it) m
• Japanese: ベトナム語 (ja) (ベトナムご, betonamugo)
• Khmer: ភាសាវៀតណាម (phiəsaaviətnaam)
• Korean: 베트남어 (ko) (beteunameo)
• Kyrgyz: вьетнамча (vyetnamca)
• Lao: ພາສາຫວຽດນາມ (lo) (phā sā huāit nām)
• Latvian: vjetnamiešu
• Lithuanian: vietnamiečių (lt)
• Navajo: Biʼednam Dineʼé bizaad
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: vietnamesisk (no) m

  Nynorsk: vietnamesisk (nn) m

• Persian: ویتنامی (fa) (viyatnâmi)
• Polish: wietnamski (pl) m, język wietnamski m
• Portuguese: vietnamita (pt)
• Rade: klei Yuăn
• Romanian: vietnameză (ro) f
• Russian: вьетна́мский (ru) m (vʹjetnámskij) (язы́к), вьетна́мский язы́к (ru) m (vʹjetnámskij jazýk)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: вијетнамски m (језик)

  Roman: vijetnamski (sh) m (jezik)

• Slovak: vietnamčina (sk) f
• Slovene: vietnamščina (sl) f
• Spanish: vietnamita (es) m
• Swahili: Kivietinamu, Kivieti
• Swedish: vietnamesiska (sv)
• Tagalog: Biyetnames
• Thai: ภาษาเวียดนาม (paa-săa wîat-naam)
• Turkish: Vietnamca (tr), Vietnam dili (tr)
• Ukrainian: в'єтна́мська мо́ва (uk) f (vʺjetnámsʹka móva), в'єтна́мська (uk) f (vʺjetnámsʹka) (мо́ва)
• Urdu: ویتنامی f (viyatnāmī)
• Vietnamese: tiếng Việt (vi), tiếng Việt Nam (vi), Việt ngữ (vi), tiếng Kinh
• Welsh: Fietnameg (cy)
• White Hmong: nyab laj
• Zhuang: vah Yeznanz

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Vietnamese terms
• Appendix:Vietnamese Swadesh list for a Swadesh list of basic vocabulary words in Vietnamese

Further reading

• ISO 639-1 code vi, ISO 639-3 code vie (SIL)
• Ethnologue entry for Vietnamese, vie ⁠

Anagrams

• Sementivae

Dutch

Etymology

From Vietnamees +‎ -e.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: Viet‧na‧me‧se
• Rhymes: -eːsə

Noun

Vietnamese f (plural Vietnamesen, no diminutive, masculine Vietnamees)

1. woman from Vietnam

Related terms

• Vietnam
• Vietnamees

Adjective

Vietnamese

1. inflection of Vietnamees:
   1. masculine/feminine singular attributive
   2. definite neuter singular attributive
   3. plural attributive

Anagrams

• Vietnamees

German

Etymology

Vietnam +‎ -ese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˌvi̯ɛtnaˈmeːzə/, [ˌvjɛt-], [viˌɛt-], [ʋ-]
• IPA^(key): /ˌviːrtnaˈmeːzə/, [ˌvi(ː)ɐ̯t-] (colloquial variant)

  • Audio (Germany (Berlin)):

    (file)

Noun

Vietnamese m (weak, genitive Vietnamesen, plural Vietnamesen)

1. a Vietnamese person (male or unspecified sex)
2. (informal) a Vietnamese restaurant

Declension

Declension of Vietnamese [masculine, weak]

	singular			plural
	indef.	def.	noun	def.	noun
nominative	ein	der	Vietnamese	die	Vietnamesen
genitive	eines	des	Vietnamesen	der	Vietnamesen
dative	einem	dem	Vietnamesen	den	Vietnamesen
accusative	einen	den	Vietnamesen	die	Vietnamesen

Derived terms

• Vietnamesin

Further reading

• “Vietnamese” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache