极

See also: 極

极 U+6781, 极 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6781 ← 枀 [U+6780] CJK Unified Ideographs 枂 → [U+6782]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

极 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 木弓竹水 (DNHE), four-corner 4794₇, composition ⿰木及)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 514, character 17
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14519
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1161, character 9
• Unihan data for U+6781

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (及) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
趿	*sqʰɯːb
鈒	*sqʰɯːb, *sqʰrɯb
靸	*sqʰɯːb, *sqʰaːb
馺	*sqʰɯːb
砐	*ŋɡɯːb
魥	*ŋɡɯːb, *kʰab
扱	*skʰrɯːb
笈	*skʰrɯːb, *ɡrab, *ɡab, *ɡrɯb
衱	*ɡrab, *kab
极	*ɡrab, *ɡab
昅	*ɡab
雭	*sqʰrɯb
急	*krɯb
級	*krɯb
汲	*krɯb
芨	*krɯb
伋	*krɯb
彶	*krɯb
及	*ɡrɯb
岌	*ŋɡrɯb
吸	*qʰrɯb

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡrab, *ɡab) : semantic 木 (“tree, wood”) + phonetic 及 (OC *ɡrɯb).

Etymology 1

For pronunciation and definitions of 极 – see 極 (“ridgepole; ridgepiece; highest position; top rank; etc.”). (This character is the simplified form of 極).

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Etymology 2

trad.		极
simp. #		极

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jí (ji²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˊ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jí
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jí
    • Wade–Giles: chi²
    • Yale: jí
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyi
    • Palladius: цзи (czi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi³⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: gjep

Rime
Character	极
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	鹽 (156)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	其輒切
Baxter	gjep
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡˠiᴇp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡᵚiɛp̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡiæp̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/gjiap̚/
Li Rong	/ɡjɛp̚/
Wang Li	/ɡĭɛp̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/gi̯ɛp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jié
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gip6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡrab/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	极
Reading #	1/2
No.	5649
Phonetic component	及
Rime group	盍
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	衱
Old Chinese	/*ɡrab/

Definitions

极

1. ^‡ wooden rack on donkey

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jí (ji²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˊ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jí
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jí
    • Wade–Giles: chi²
    • Yale: jí
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyi
    • Palladius: цзи (czi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi³⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: gjaep

Rime
Character	极
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	嚴 (147)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	巨業切
Baxter	gjaep
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡɨɐp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡiɐp̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡiɐp̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/gɨap̚/
Li Rong	/ɡiap̚/
Wang Li	/ɡĭɐp̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/gi̯ɐp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jié
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gip6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡab/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	极
Reading #	2/2
No.	5654
Phonetic component	及
Rime group	盍
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	跲
Old Chinese	/*ɡab/

Definitions

极

1. ^‡ to insert

Japanese

Kanji

极

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. extreme
2. utmost
3. furthest
4. final

Readings

(Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this pronunciation?)

• Go-on: ごう (gō)^{←ごふ (gofu, historical)}
• Kan-on: きゅう (kyū)^{←きふ (kifu, historical)}
• Kun: にぐら (nigura, 极)

Korean

Hanja

极 • (geuk) (hangeul 극, revised geuk, McCune–Reischauer kŭk, Yale kuk)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

极: Hán Nôm readings: cực

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.