急

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急 U+6025, 急
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6025
← 怤
[U+6024]		 CJK Unified Ideographs 怦 →
[U+6026]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
9 strokes

Han character[edit]

急 (radical 61 心+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 弓一心 (NMP) or 弓尸心 (NSP), four-corner 27337, composition ⿱刍心)

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 381, character 21
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10475
  • Dae Jaweon: page 710, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2281, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+6025

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 急

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 急
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
急-seal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (及) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
趿 *sqʰɯːb
鈒 *sqʰɯːb, *sqʰrɯb
靸 *sqʰɯːb, *sqʰaːb
馺 *sqʰɯːb
砐 *ŋɡɯːb
魥 *ŋɡɯːb, *kʰab
扱 *skʰrɯːb
笈 *skʰrɯːb, *ɡrab, *ɡab, *ɡrɯb
衱 *ɡrab, *kab
极 *ɡrab, *ɡab
昅 *ɡab
雭 *sqʰrɯb
急 *krɯb
級 *krɯb
汲 *krɯb
芨 *krɯb
伋 *krɯb
彶 *krɯb
及 *ɡrɯb
岌 *ŋɡrɯb
吸 *qʰrɯb

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *krɯb): phonetic 及 (OC *ɡrɯb) + semantic 心 (“heart”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 急
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 緝 (142)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) Chongniu III
Fanqie 居立切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kˠiɪp̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kᵚip̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kiep̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kjip̚/
Li
Rong		 /kjəp̚/
Wang
Li		 /kĭĕp̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ki̯əp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 ji
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 急
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 jí
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ kip ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[k](r)əp/
English urgent

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 急
Reading # 1/1
No. 5658
Phonetic
component		 及
Rime
group		 緝
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 急
Old
Chinese		 /*krɯb/

Definitions[edit]

急

  1. rapid; quick
  2. rapidly; quickly
  3. urgent; pressing
  4. urgency; emergency
  5. to hurry; to hasten
  6. to be eager to help
  7. irascible; hot-tempered
  8. angry; vexed
  9. to be anxious
  10. to worry; to be worried

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 急

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

急

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Adjectival noun[edit]

急 (-na inflection, hiragana きゅう, rōmaji kyū)

  1. sudden
  2. immediate, rapid

Inflection[edit]

Inflection of 急
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 急だろ きゅうだろ kyū daro
Continuative (連用形) 急で きゅうで kyū de
Terminal (終止形) 急だ きゅうだ kyū da
Attributive (連体形) 急な きゅうな kyū na
Hypothetical (仮定形) 急なら きゅうなら kyū nara
Imperative (命令形) 急であれ きゅうであれ kyū de are
Key constructions
Informal negative 急ではない
急じゃない		 きゅうではない
きゅうじゃない		 kyū de wa nai
kyū ja nai
Informal past 急だった きゅうだった kyū datta
Informal negative past 急ではなかった
急じゃなかった		 きゅうではなかった
きゅうじゃなかった		 kyū de wa nakatta
kyū ja nakatta
Formal 急です きゅうです kyū desu
Formal negative 急ではありません
急じゃありません		 きゅうではありません
きゅうじゃありません		 kyū de wa arimasen
kyū ja arimasen
Formal past 急でした きゅうでした kyū deshita
Formal negative past 急ではありませんでした
急じゃありませんでした		 きゅうではありませんでした
きゅうじゃありませんでした		 kyū de wa arimasen deshita
kyū ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive 急で きゅうで kyū de
Conditional 急なら（ば） きゅうなら（ば） kyū nara (ba)
Provisional 急だったら きゅうだったら kyū dattara
Volitional 急だろう きゅうだろう kyū darō
Adverbial 急に きゅうに kyū ni
Degree 急さ きゅうさ kyūsa

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

急 • (geup) (hangeul 급, revised geup, McCune-Reischauer kŭp, Yale kup)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

急 (cấp, gấp, kép, kíp, quắp)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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