急

急	U+6025, 急 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6025

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order

Han character[edit]

急 (radical 61, 心+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 弓一心 (NMP) or 弓尸心 (NSP), four-corner 2733₇, composition ⿱刍心)

References[edit]

KangXi: page 381, character 21
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10475
Dae Jaweon: page 710, character 6
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2281, character 8
Unihan data for U+6025

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.		急

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 急
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (及) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
趿	*sqʰɯːb
鈒	sqʰɯːb, sqʰrɯb
靸	sqʰɯːb, sqʰaːb
馺	*sqʰɯːb
砐	*ŋɡɯːb
魥	ŋɡɯːb, kʰab
扱	*skʰrɯːb
笈	skʰrɯːb, ɡrab, ɡab, ɡrɯb
衱	ɡrab, kab
极	ɡrab, ɡab
昅	*ɡab
雭	*sqʰrɯb
急	*krɯb
級	*krɯb
汲	*krɯb
芨	*krɯb
伋	*krɯb
彶	*krɯb
及	*ɡrɯb
岌	*ŋɡrɯb
吸	*qʰrɯb

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *krɯb): phonetic 及 (OC *ɡrɯb) + semantic 心 (“heart”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jí (ji²)

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gap¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kip
Min Dong (BUC): gék
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): kip

(Teochew, Peng'im): gib⁴
Wu (Wiktionary): jiq (T4)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: jí
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˊ
  - Wade–Giles: chih²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyi
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: gap¹
  - Yale: gāp
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gap⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: geb¹
  - IPA ^(key): /kɐp̚⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kip
  - Hakka Romanization System: gib`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gib⁵
  - IPA: /kip̚²/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gék
  - IPA ^(key): /kɛiʔ²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kip
  - Tâi-lô: kip
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kib
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kip̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kip̚⁵/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kip̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kip̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kip̚³²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gib⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kip
  - IPA ^(key): /kip̚²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: jiq (T4)
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɪʔ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: /kˠiɪp̚/▼

Rime
Character	急
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	緝 (142)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	Chongniu III
Fanqie	居立切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠiɪp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚip̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kiep̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kjip̚/
Li Rong	/kjəp̚/
Wang Li	/kĭĕp̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ki̯əp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ji

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[k](r)əp/

(Zhengzhang): /*krɯb/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	急
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jí
Middle Chinese	‹ kip ›
Old Chinese	/*[k](r)əp/
English	urgent
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	急
Reading #	1/1
No.	5658
Phonetic component	及
Rime group	緝
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	急
Old Chinese	/*krɯb/

Definitions[edit]

急

rapid; quick
rapidly; quickly
urgent; pressing
urgency; emergency
to hurry; to hasten
唔使急。 [Cantonese] ― M⁴ sai² gap¹. [Jyutping] ― There's no need to rush / hurry.
to be eager to help
irascible; hot-tempered
angry; vexed
to be anxious
to worry; to be worried

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 急

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

Readings[edit]

Go-on: こう (kō)
Kan-on: きゅう (kyū, Jōyō)^{←きふ (kifu, historical)}
Kun: いそぐ (isogu, 急ぐ, Jōyō); いそがしい (isogashī, 急がしい); いそがしい (isogashī, 急しい); いそめく (isomeku, 急めく); せく (seku, 急く); せき (seki)

Adjectival noun[edit]

急 (-na inflection, hiragana きゅう, rōmaji kyū, historical hiragana きふ)

sudden
immediate, rapid

Inflection[edit]

Inflection of 急

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	急だろ	きゅうだろ	kyū daro
Continuative (連用形)	急で	きゅうで	kyū de
Terminal (終止形)	急だ	きゅうだ	kyū da
Attributive (連体形)	急な	きゅうな	kyū na
Hypothetical (仮定形)	急なら	きゅうなら	kyū nara
Imperative (命令形)	急であれ	きゅうであれ	kyū de are
Key constructions
Informal negative	急ではない急じゃない	きゅうではないきゅうじゃない	kyū de wa nai kyū ja nai
Informal past	急だった	きゅうだった	kyū datta
Informal negative past	急ではなかった急じゃなかった	きゅうではなかったきゅうじゃなかった	kyū de wa nakatta kyū ja nakatta
Formal	急です	きゅうです	kyū desu
Formal negative	急ではありません急じゃありません	きゅうではありませんきゅうじゃありません	kyū de wa arimasen kyū ja arimasen
Formal past	急でした	きゅうでした	kyū deshita
Formal negative past	急ではありませんでした急じゃありませんでした	きゅうではありませんでしたきゅうじゃありませんでした	kyū de wa arimasen deshita kyū ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive	急で	きゅうで	kyū de
Conditional	急なら（ば）	きゅうなら（ば）	kyū nara (ba)
Provisional	急だったら	きゅうだったら	kyū dattara
Volitional	急だろう	きゅうだろう	kyū darō
Adverbial	急に	きゅうに	kyū ni
Degree	急さ	きゅうさ	kyūsa

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

急 • (geup) (hangeul 급, revised geup, McCune–Reischauer kŭp, Yale kup)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

急 (cấp, gấp, kép, kíp, quắp)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

急

Contents

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

References[edit]

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

Readings[edit]

Adjectival noun[edit]

Inflection[edit]

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

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