Translingual[edit]
Han character[edit]
氣 (radical 84, 气+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 人弓火木 (ONFD), four-corner 80917, composition ⿹气米)
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 599, character 12
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17059
- Dae Jaweon: page 990, character 26
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2011, character 14
- Unihan data for U+6C23
Chinese[edit]
Glyph origin[edit]
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kʰɯds, *qʰɯds): phonetic 气 (OC *kʰɯds) + semantic 米 (“rice”) – to give rice as a gift.
Later borrowed meanings of “air, flow” from 气 (OC *kʰɯds). The derivative 餼 (OC *qʰɯds) refers to the original word. Compare 乞 (OC *kʰɯds, *kʰɯd).
Pronunciation[edit]
Note: khùi - vernacular, khì - literary.
| Rime
|
| Character
|
氣
|
氣
|
| Reading #
|
1/2
|
2/2
|
| Initial (聲)
|
溪 (29)
|
曉 (32)
|
| Final (韻)
|
微 (20)
|
微 (20)
|
| Tone (調)
|
Departing (H)
|
Departing (H)
|
| Openness (開合)
|
Open
|
Open
|
| Division (等)
|
III
|
III
|
| Fanqie
|
去旣切
|
許旣切
|
| Reconstructions
|
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
|
/kʰɨiH/
|
/hɨiH/
|
Pan
Wuyun
|
/kʰɨiH/
|
/hɨiH/
|
Shao
Rongfen
|
/kʰiəiH/
|
/xiəiH/
|
Edwin
Pulleyblank
|
/kʰɨjH/
|
/hɨjH/
|
Li
Rong
|
/kʰiəiH/
|
/xiəiH/
|
Wang
Li
|
/kʰĭəiH/
|
/xĭəiH/
|
Bernard
Karlgren
|
/kʰe̯iH/
|
/xe̯iH/
|
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
|
qì
|
xì
|
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
|
| Character
|
氣
|
氣
|
| Reading #
|
1/2
|
2/2
|
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
|
qì
|
xì
|
Middle
Chinese
|
‹ khjɨjH ›
|
‹ xjɨjH ›
|
Old
Chinese
|
/*C.qʰəp-s/
|
/*qʰət-s/
|
| English
|
cloudy vapors
|
to present food
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
|
| Zhengzhang system (2003)
|
| Character
|
氣
|
氣
|
| Reading #
|
1/2
|
2/2
|
| No.
|
10140
|
10143
|
Phonetic
component
|
气
|
气
|
Rime
group
|
隊
|
隊
|
Rime
subdivision
|
1
|
1
|
Corresponding
MC rime
|
|
|
Old
Chinese
|
/*kʰɯds/
|
/*qʰɯds/
|
| Notes
|
|
後作餼
|
Definitions[edit]
氣
- air; gas
天然氣 /
天然气 ―
tiānránqì ― natural gas
出去透透氣！ /
出去透透气！ ―
Chūqù tòu tòuqì! ― Go out to breathe fresh
air!
輪胎漏氣了。 /
轮胎漏气了。 ―
Lúntāi lòu qì le. ― The tire is leaking
gas.
- breath (Classifier: 口 m; 啖 c)
喘不過氣來 /
喘不过气来 ―
chuǎnbùguòqì lái ― to be out of
breath
- (Chinese philosophy) qi; vital energy; life force
- smell; odour
- angriness
生氣 /
生气 ―
shēngqì ― to get angry
- to get angry
我很氣。 /
我很气。 ―
Wǒ hěn qì. ― I'm very angry.
- to make angry; to annoy
別氣我！ /
别气我！ ―
Bié qì wǒ! ― Don't
annoy me!
- to breathe
- quality; character; spirit; mettle
有男人氣 /
有男人气 ―
yǒu nánrén qì ― manly
Compounds[edit]
Descendants[edit]
Japanese[edit]
氣
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 気)
Readings[edit]
Usage notes[edit]
Not used in modern Japanese. Replaced by the shinjitai form 気.
氣 • (gi) (hangeul 기, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Compounds[edit]
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
氣 (khí)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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