哭

哭 U+54ED, 哭 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-54ED ← 哬 [U+54EC] CJK Unified Ideographs 哮 → [U+54EE]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

哭 (radical 30, 口+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 口口戈大 (RRIK), four-corner 6643₀, composition ⿱吅犬)

1. Shuōwén Jiězì radical №25

Descendants

• 喪

References

• KangXi: page 190, character 25
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3658
• Dae Jaweon: page 410, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 629, character 2
• Unihan data for U+54ED

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		哭

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (獄) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
嶽	*ŋroːɡ
鸑	*ŋroːɡ
哭	*ŋ̊ʰoːɡ
獄	*ŋoɡ

Shuowen interprets it to be a phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ŋ̊ʰoːɡ): semantic 吅 (“to speak loudly”) + phonetic 獄 (OC *ŋoɡ), simplified to 犬.

Alternatively, it may be an ideogrammic compound (會意): 吅 (“to speak loudly”) + 犬 (“dog”) – a dog's bark > cry; weep.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): kū (ku¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨ

  (Chengdu, SP): ku²

• Cantonese (Jyutping): huk¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): khuk

  (Meixian, Guangdong): kug⁵

• Min Bei (KCR): kŭ / kṳ̆
• Min Dong (BUC): kók
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): khàu / khok

  (Teochew, Peng'im): kao³

• Wu (Wiktionary): khoq (T4)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: kū
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄨ
    • Wade–Giles: k'u¹
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ku
    • IPA ^(key): /kʰu⁵⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: ku²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ku
    • IPA ^(key): /kʰu²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: huk¹
    • Yale: hūk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: huk⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: hug¹
    • IPA ^(key): /hʊk̚⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khuk
    • Hakka Romanization System: kug`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: kug⁵
    • IPA: /kʰuk̚²/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: kug⁵
    • IPA: /kʰʊk̚¹/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: kŭ / kṳ̆
    • IPA ^(key): /kʰu²⁴/, /kʰy²⁴/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: kók
    • IPA ^(key): /kʰouʔ²⁴/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khàu / khok
    • Tâi-lô: khàu / khok
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qaux, qog
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kʰaʊ²¹/, /kʰɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰaʊ⁴¹/, /kʰɔk̚⁵/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰaʊ²¹/, /kʰɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kʰaʊ¹¹/, /kʰɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰaʊ²¹/, /kʰɔk̚³²/

Note:

• khàu - vernacular;
• khok - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: kao³
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khàu
  • IPA ^(key): /kʰau²¹³/

Wu

• (Shanghainese)
  • Wiktionary: khoq (T4)
  • IPA ^(key): /kʰʊʔ⁵⁵/

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• Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 哭
Mandarin	Beijing	/kʰu⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/kʰu⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/kʰu²¹/
	Jinan	/kʰu²¹³/
	Qingdao	/kʰu⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/kʰu²⁴/
	Xi'an	/kʰu²¹/
	Xining	/kʰv̩⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/kʰu¹³/
	Lanzhou	/kʰu¹³/
	Ürümqi	/kʰu²¹³/
	Wuhan	/kʰu²¹³/
	Chengdu	/kʰu³¹/
	Guiyang	/kʰu²¹/
	Kunming	/kʰu³¹/
	Nanjing	/kʰuʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/kʰuəʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/kʰuəʔ²/
	Pingyao	/kʰuʌʔ¹³/
	Hohhot	/kʰuəʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/kʰoʔ⁵/
	Suzhou	/kʰoʔ⁵/
	Hangzhou	/kʰoʔ⁵/
	Wenzhou	/kʰu²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/kʰuʔ²¹/
	Tunxi	/kʰu⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/kʰu²⁴/
	Xiangtan	/kʰu²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/kʰuʔ⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/kʰuk̚¹/
	Taoyuan	/kʰuk̚²²/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/hok̚⁵/
	Nanning	/huk̚⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/huk̚⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/kʰɔk/ /kʰau¹/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/kʰouʔ²³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/kʰu²⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/kʰau²¹³/ 訓讀
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/xau³⁵/ 訓號

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• Middle Chinese: /kʰuk̚/▼

Rime
Character	哭
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	屋 (3)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	空谷切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰəwk̚/
Li Rong	/kʰuk̚/
Wang Li	/kʰuk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰuk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ku

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[kʰ]ˤok/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ŋ̊ʰoːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	哭
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	kū
Middle Chinese	‹ khuwk ›
Old Chinese	/*[kʰ]ˁok/
English	weep
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	哭
Reading #	1/1
No.	16031
Phonetic component	獄
Rime group	屋
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	哭
Old Chinese	/*ŋ̊ʰoːɡ/
Notes	說文獄省聲

Definitions

哭

1. to weep; to cry; to wail

Compounds

• 一路哭
• 乾哭／干哭
• 乾啼濕哭／干啼湿哭
• 五子哭墳／五子哭坟
• 代哭
• 卒哭
• 哀哭 (āikū)
• 哭哭啼啼
• 哭喊
• 哭喪棒／哭丧棒 (kūsāngbàng)
• 哭喪臉／哭丧脸
• 哭喪著臉／哭丧著脸
• 哭昭陵
• 哭泣 (kūqì)
• 哭牆／哭墙
• 哭窮／哭穷 (kūqióng)
• 哭窮途／哭穷途
• 哭竹
• 哭竹棒
• 哭笑不得
• 哭臨／哭临
• 哭訴／哭诉 (kūsù)
• 哭調／哭调
• 哭雨風／哭雨风

• 哭鬧／哭闹
• 啼哭 (tíkū)
• 啼啼哭哭
• 啼天哭地
• 嚎啕大哭
• 嚎啕痛哭
• 大哭 (dàkū)
• 大哭一場／大哭一场
• 崩城之哭
• 巷哭
• 慟哭／恸哭 (tòngkū)
• 慟哭流涕／恸哭流涕
• 抱頭大哭／抱头大哭
• 抱頭痛哭／抱头痛哭
• 撫尸慟哭／抚尸恸哭
• 放聲大哭／放声大哭 (fàngshēng dà kū)
• 欲哭無淚／欲哭无泪
• 死爹哭媽／死爹哭妈
• 潑哭潑鬧／泼哭泼闹
• 狼號鬼哭／狼号鬼哭
• 痛哭 (tòngkū)
• 痛哭失聲／痛哭失声
• 痛哭流涕

• 神嚎鬼哭
• 神愁鬼哭
• 神號鬼哭／神号鬼哭
• 秦庭之哭
• 窮途之哭／穷途之哭
• 號咷痛哭／号咷痛哭
• 號哭／号哭 (háokū)
• 號啕大哭／号啕大哭
• 號啕痛哭／号啕痛哭
• 號天哭地／号天哭地
• 號天大哭／号天大哭
• 行哭
• 行號巷哭／行号巷哭
• 街號巷哭／街号巷哭
• 貓哭老鼠／猫哭老鼠
• 貓哭耗子／猫哭耗子
• 野祭巷哭
• 長歌當哭／长歌当哭
• 陪哭
• 鬼哭狼嚎 (guǐkūlángháo)
• 鬼哭狼號／鬼哭狼号
• 鬼哭神嚎
• 鬼哭神號／鬼哭神号

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Japanese

Kanji

哭

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: こく (koku)
• Kan-on: こく (koku)
• Kun: なく (naku, 哭く)

Compounds

Compounds

• 哀哭 (あいこく) (aikoku)
• 憂 (う)き哭 (ね) (ukine)
• 哭 (おら)ぶ (orabu)
• 鬼哭 (きこく) (kikoku): the wailing of a ghost, or the sound thereof
• 泣哭 (きゅうこく) (kyūkoku)
• 号哭 (ごうこく) (gōkoku)
• 哭 (こく)す (kokusu)
• 哭 (こく)する (kokusuru)
• 哭声 (こくせい) (kokusei)
• 哭慟 (こくどう) (kokudō)
• 哭 (こっ)泣 (きゅう) (kokkyū)
• 痛哭 (つうこく) (tsūkoku)
• 啼哭 (ていこく) (teikoku)
• 慟哭 (どうこく) (dōkoku)
• 哭 (な)き女 (め) (nakime)
• 御 (み)哭 (ね) (mine)

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Korean

Hanja

哭 • (gok) (hangeul 곡, McCune–Reischauer kok)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

哭 (khốc, khóc)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.