獄
Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 狱
Translingual[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Ideogrammic compound (會意): 㹜 (“two dogs”) + 言 (“words”) (㹜 = 犭 + 犬, two forms of “dog”). A place where dogs are barking (言) at each other, a jail with guard dogs.
Han character[edit]
獄 (radical 94 犬+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 大竹卜口大 (KHYRK), four-corner 43234, composition ⿲犭言犬)
Descendants[edit]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 717, character 3
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20603
- Dae Jaweon: page 1128, character 22
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1365, character 16
- Unihan data for U+7344
Chinese[edit]
| trad. | 獄 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 狱 | |
Pronunciation[edit]
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄩˋ
- Wade-Giles: yü4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yiw
- IPA (key): /y⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: juk6
- Yale: yuhk
- Cantonese Pinyin: juk9
- IPA (key): /jʊk̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiu̍k
- Hakka Romanization System: ngiug
- Hagfa Pinyim: ngiug6
- IPA: /ɲi̯uk̚⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ga̍k / ge̍k
- Tâi-lô: ga̍k / gi̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: gak, gek
- IPA (Taipei): /gak̚⁴/, /giɪk̚⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /gak̚¹²¹/, /giɪk̚¹²¹/
- Note: ga̍k - vernacular, ge̍k - literary.
- (Hokkien)
-
Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 獄 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /y⁵¹/ |
| Harbin | /y⁵³/ | |
| Tianjin | /y⁵³/ | |
| Jinan | /y²¹/ | |
| Qingdao | /y⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /y²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /y²¹/ | |
| Xining | /y⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /y¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /y¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /y²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /iəu²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu | /yo³¹/ /y¹³/ |
|
| Guiyang | /iu²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /iu³¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /ʐuʔ⁵/ | |
| Hefei | /yəʔ⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /yəʔ²/ |
| Pingyao | /yʌʔ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /y⁵⁵/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /iɦoʔ⁵/ /ɦyɪʔ¹/ |
| Suzhou | /ȵioʔ³/ | |
| Hangzhou | /ɦioʔ²/ | |
| Wenzhou | /ȵo²¹³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /niu²²/ |
| Tunxi | /ȵiu¹¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ʐəu²⁴/ |
| Xiangtan | /iəɯ²⁴/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /ȵiuʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /ŋiuk̚⁵/ |
| Taoyuan | /ŋiuk̚⁵⁵/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /jok̚²/ |
| Nanning | /juk̚²²/ | |
| Hong Kong | /juk̚²/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /giɔk̚⁵/ /gak̚⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /ŋoʔ⁵/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /ŋy⁴²/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /gek̚⁵/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /zok̚³/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 獄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 燭 (8) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 魚欲切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ŋɨok̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ŋiok̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ŋiok̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ŋuawk̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/ŋiok̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/ŋĭwok̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ŋi̯wok̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
yù |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 獄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
yù |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ ngjowk › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[ŋ]rok/ |
| English | lawsuit; prison |
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
|
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 獄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 16032 |
| Phonetic component |
獄 |
| Rime group |
屋 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
玉 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ŋoɡ/ |
Definitions[edit]
獄
References[edit]
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
獄
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Readings[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 獄 |
| ごく Grade: S |
| on'yomi |
From Middle Chinese 獄 (ngjowk, “prison”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 獄 |
| ひとや Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
Compound of 人 (hito, “human”) + 屋 (ya, “house”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Noun[edit]
獄 (hiragana ひとや, romaji hitoya)
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
獄 • (ok) (hangeul 옥, revised ok, McCune-Reischauer ok, Yale ok)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
獄 (ngục)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Readings[edit]
- Nôm: ngục
References[edit]
- Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
- Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
- Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm , NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
Categories:
- Han ideogrammic compounds
- Han script characters
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Min Nan lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Min Nan nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese hanzi
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese Han characters
- Japanese Han characters
- Common kanji
- Japanese kanji read as ごく
- Japanese kanji read as ぎょく
- Japanese terms spelled with 獄 read as ごく
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji
- Japanese terms written with one Han script character
- Japanese terms spelled with 獄
- Japanese terms spelled with 獄 read as ひとや
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese compound words
- ja:Buildings
- ja:Prison
- Korean lemmas
- Korean Han characters
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters
