察

See also: 詧

察 U+5BDF, 察 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BDF ← 寞 [U+5BDE] CJK Unified Ideographs 寠 → [U+5BE0]

Translingual

Han character

察 (radical 40, 宀+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 十月人火 (JBOF), four-corner 3090₁, composition ⿱宀祭)

Derived characters

• 擦

References

• KangXi: page 290, character 16
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7283
• Dae Jaweon: page 574, character 23
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 948, character 8
• Unihan data for U+5BDF

---

Chinese

simp. and trad.		察
variant forms		⿱宀叉 (second-round simplified)

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (祭) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
蔡	*sʰlaːds
瘵	*ʔsreːds
祭	*ʔsreːds, *ʔsleds
際	*ʔsleds
穄	*ʔsleds
鰶	*ʔsleds
傺	*hr'eds
摖	*sʰleːds
擦	*sʰlaːd
攃	*sʰlaːd, *saːd
礤	*sʰlaːd
察	*sʰreːd
詧	*sʰreːd, *sʰeːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *sʰreːd): semantic 宀 (“roof”) + phonetic 祭 (OC *ʔsreːds, *ʔsleds) – study carefully at home.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chá (cha²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄚˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): caat³
• Min Bei (KCR): chuŏi
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): chhat

  (Teochew, Peng'im): cag⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: chá
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄚˊ
    • Wade–Giles: ch'a²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: char
    • IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰa̠³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: caat³
    • Yale: chaat
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsaat⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: cad³
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɑːt̚³/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: chuŏi
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰuɛ²⁴/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhat
    • Tâi-lô: tshat
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhad
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰat̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰat̚⁵/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰat̚³²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰat̚³²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰat̚³²/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: cag⁴
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshak
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰak̚²/

---

• Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 察
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʈ͡ʂʰa³⁵/
	Harbin	/ʈ͡ʂʰa²⁴/
	Tianjin	/t͡sʰɑ⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/ʈ͡ʂʰa²¹³/
	Qingdao	/ʈ͡ʂʰa⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ʈ͡ʂʰa⁴²/
	Xi'an	/t͡sʰa²¹/
	Xining	/t͡sʰa⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ʈ͡ʂʰa⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/ʈ͡ʂʰa⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/t͡sʰa⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/t͡sʰa²¹³/
	Chengdu	/t͡sʰa³¹/
	Guiyang	/t͡sʰa²¹/
	Kunming	/ʈ͡ʂʰa̠³¹/
	Nanjing	/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/ʈ͡ʂʰɐʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡sʰaʔ²/
	Pingyao	/t͡sʰʌʔ¹³/
	Hohhot	/t͡sʰaʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/t͡sʰaʔ⁵/
	Suzhou	/t͡sʰaʔ⁵/
	Hangzhou	/t͡sʰɑʔ⁵/
	Wenzhou	/t͡sʰa²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡sʰaʔ²¹/
	Tunxi	/t͡sʰɔ⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡sʰa²⁴/
	Xiangtan	/t͡sʰɒ²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡sʰaʔ⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡sʰat̚¹/
	Taoyuan	/t͡sʰɑt̚²²/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡sʰat̚³/
	Nanning	/t͡sʰat̚³³/
	Hong Kong	/t͡sʰɐt̚³/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/t͡sʰat̚³²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/t͡sʰɑʔ²³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/t͡sʰuɛ²⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/t͡sʰak̚²/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/sak̚⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: /t͡ʃʰˠɛt̚/▼

Rime
Character	察
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	初 (19)
Final (韻)	鎋 (75)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	初八切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ʃʰˠɛt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈ͡ʂʰᵚæt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ʃʰæt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈ͡ʂʰəɨt̚/
Li Rong	/t͡ʃʰɛt̚/
Wang Li	/t͡ʃʰæt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʈ͡ʂʰat̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cha

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[tsʰ]ˤret/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sʰreːd/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	察
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chá
Middle Chinese	‹ tsrhɛt ›
Old Chinese	/*[tsʰ]ˁret/
English	examine
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	察
Reading #	1/1
No.	5849
Phonetic component	祭
Rime group	月
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	𪙻
Old Chinese	/*sʰreːd/

Definitions

察

1. to examine; to investigate; to notice

Compounds

Derived terms from 察

• 不察
• 京察
• 亮察
• 仰觀俯察／仰观俯察
• 伺察
• 便衣警察
• 保安警察
• 俯察
• 偵察／侦察 (zhēnchá)
• 偵察兵／侦察兵 (zhēnchábīng)
• 偵察機／侦察机 (zhēnchájī)
• 偵察衛星／侦察卫星
• 公路警察
• 刑事警察 (xíngshì jǐngchá)
• 制服警察
• 勘察 (kānchá)
• 司法警察
• 垂察
• 失察
• 察勘
• 察哈爾省／察哈尔省
• 察子
• 察察
• 察察為明／察察为明
• 察察而明
• 察惠
• 察核
• 察照
• 察相
• 察看 (chákàn)
• 察知
• 察納／察纳
• 察聽／察听
• 察舉／察举
• 察見淵魚／察见渊鱼
• 察覺／察觉 (chájué)
• 察言觀色／察言观色 (chá yán guān sè)
• 察訪／察访 (cháfǎng)
• 察警
• 察院
• 察顏觀色／察颜观色 (chá yán guān sè)

• 審察／审察 (shěnchá)
• 專業警察／专业警察
• 巡察
• 彰往察來／彰往察来
• 按察
• 按察使
• 探察
• 明察 (míngchá)
• 明察暗訪／明察暗访 (míngchá ànfǎng)
• 明察秋毫 (míngchá qiūháo)
• 未察
• 查察
• 檢察／检察 (jiǎnchá)
• 檢察官／检察官 (jiǎncháguān)
• 檢察署／检察署
• 檢察院／检察院 (jiǎncháyuàn)
• 欽察汗國／钦察汗国
• 水上警察 (shuǐshàng jǐngchá)
• 洞察 (dòngchá)
• 洞察其奸
• 洞察機先／洞察机先
• 海上偵察／海上侦察
• 清察
• 留置觀察／留置观察
• 監察／监察 (jiānchá)
• 監察人／监察人
• 監察委員／监察委员
• 監察御史／监察御史
• 監察權／监察权
• 監察院／监察院
• 盤察／盘察
• 省察 (xǐngchá)
• 督察 (dūchá)
• 祕密警察
• 稽察
• 糾察／纠察 (jiūchá)
• 糾察隊／纠察队
• 經濟警察／经济警察
• 義勇警察／义勇警察
• 習而不察／习而不察
• 考察 (kǎochá)

• 考察團／考察团
• 聽籬察壁／听篱察壁
• 肐肢肐察
• 苛察
• 荃察
• 行政警察
• 補察／补察
• 視察／视察 (shìchá)
• 覺察／觉察 (juéchá)
• 觀察／观察 (guānchá)
• 觀察使／观察使
• 觀察員／观察员
• 觀察家／观察家
• 觀察所／观察所
• 觀察法／观察法
• 觀形察色／观形察色
• 觀貌察色／观貌察色
• 訪察／访察
• 診察／诊察 (zhěnchá)
• 詗察
• 詢察／询察
• 詳察／详察
• 諒察／谅察
• 譏察／讥察
• 警察 (jǐngchá)
• 警察制度
• 警察勤務／警察勤务
• 警察學／警察学
• 警察學校／警察学校
• 警察局 (jǐngchájú)
• 警察權／警察权
• 警察節／警察节
• 軍事警察／军事警察
• 軍法警察／军法警察
• 迫而察之
• 鎮暴警察／镇暴警察
• 鐵路警察／铁路警察
• 鑒察／鉴察
• 駐衛警察／驻卫警察
• 體察／体察 (tǐchá)

---

Japanese

Kanji

察

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. guess

Readings

• Go-on: せち (sechi)
• Kan-on: さつ (satsu, Jōyō)
• Kun: しる (shiru, 察る); みる (miru, 察る); あきらか (akiraka, 察らか)

---

Korean

Hanja

察 • (chal) (hangeul 찰, revised chal, McCune–Reischauer ch'al)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

---

Vietnamese

Han character

察 (sát, xét)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.