察

See also: 詧

察	U+5BDF, 察 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BDF

← 寞
[U+5BDE]

CJK Unified Ideographs

寠 →
[U+5BE0]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

察 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 十月人火 (JBOF), four-corner 3090₁, composition ⿱宀祭)

Derived characters[edit]

擦

References[edit]

KangXi: page 290, character 16
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7283
Dae Jaweon: page 574, character 23
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 948, character 8
Unihan data for U+5BDF

Chinese[edit]

trad.		察
simp. ^#		察
2nd round simp.		𰌵

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (祭) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
蔡	*sʰlaːds
瘵	*ʔsreːds
祭	ʔsreːds, ʔsleds
際	*ʔsleds
穄	*ʔsleds
鰶	*ʔsleds
傺	*hr'eds
摖	*sʰleːds
擦	*sʰlaːd
攃	sʰlaːd, saːd
礤	*sʰlaːd
察	*sʰreːd
詧	sʰreːd, sʰeːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *sʰreːd): semantic 宀 (“roof”) + phonetic 祭 (OC *ʔsreːds, *ʔsleds) – study carefully at home.

Pronunciation[edit]

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): chá (cha²)

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄚˊ

(Chengdu, SP): ca²

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): ца (ca, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): caat³

(Taishan, Wiktionary): cat²
Gan (Wiktionary): cat⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chhat

(Meixian, Guangdong): cad⁵
Jin (Wiktionary): cah⁴
Min Bei (KCR): chuŏi
Min Dong (BUC): chák
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): chhat

(Teochew, Peng'im): cag⁴
Wu (Wiktionary): tshaq (T4)
Xiang (Wiktionary): ca⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: chá
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄚˊ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: char
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chá
  - Wade–Giles: chʻa²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: ca²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ca
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰa²¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: ца (ca, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰa²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: caat³
  - Yale: chaat
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsaat⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: cad³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰäːt̚³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: cat²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰat̚⁵⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: cat⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰat̚⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhat
  - Hakka Romanization System: cad`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: cad⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰat̚²/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: cad⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰat̚¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: cah⁴
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sʰaʔ²/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: chuŏi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰuɛ²⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: chák
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɑʔ²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhat
  - Tâi-lô: tshat
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhad
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /t͡sʰat̚⁵/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰat̚³²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: cag⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshak
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰak̚²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: tshaq (T4)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰa̱ʔ⁵⁵/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: ca⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰa̠²⁴/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 察
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʈ͡ʂʰa³⁵/
	Harbin	/ʈ͡ʂʰa²⁴/
	Tianjin	/t͡sʰɑ⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/ʈ͡ʂʰa²¹³/
	Qingdao	/ʈ͡ʂʰa⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ʈ͡ʂʰa⁴²/
	Xi'an	/t͡sʰa²¹/
	Xining	/t͡sʰa⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ʈ͡ʂʰa⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/ʈ͡ʂʰa⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/t͡sʰa⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/t͡sʰa²¹³/
	Chengdu	/t͡sʰa³¹/
	Guiyang	/t͡sʰa²¹/
	Kunming	/ʈ͡ʂʰa̠³¹/
	Nanjing	/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/ʈ͡ʂʰɐʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡sʰaʔ²/
	Pingyao	/t͡sʰʌʔ¹³/
	Hohhot	/t͡sʰaʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/t͡sʰaʔ⁵/
	Suzhou	/t͡sʰaʔ⁵/
	Hangzhou	/t͡sʰɑʔ⁵/
	Wenzhou	/t͡sʰa²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡sʰaʔ²¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/t͡sʰɔ⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡sʰa²⁴/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/t͡sʰɒ²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡sʰaʔ⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡sʰat̚¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/t͡sʰɑt̚²²/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡sʰat̚³/
	Nanning	/t͡sʰat̚³³/
	Hong Kong	/t͡sʰɐt̚³/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/t͡sʰat̚³²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/t͡sʰɑʔ²³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/t͡sʰuɛ²⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/t͡sʰak̚²/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/sak̚⁵/

Middle Chinese: /t͡ʃʰˠat̚/

Rime
Character	察
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	初 (19)
Final (韻)	黠 (71)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	初八切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ʃʰˠat̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈ͡ʂʰᵚat̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ʃʰɐt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈ͡ʂʰaɨt̚/
Li Rong	/t͡ʃʰat̚/
Wang Li	/t͡ʃʰat̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʈ͡ʂʰăt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cha
Expected Cantonese Reflex	caat³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[tsʰ]ˤret/

(Zhengzhang): /*sʰreːd/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	察
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chá
Middle Chinese	‹ tsrhɛt ›
Old Chinese	/*[tsʰ]ˁret/
English	examine
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	察
Reading #	1/1
No.	5849
Phonetic component	祭
Rime group	月
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	𪙻
Old Chinese	/*sʰreːd/

Definitions[edit]

察

to examine; to investigate; to notice
Short for 察哈爾／察哈尔 (Cháhā'ěr).
晉察冀邊區／晋察冀边区 ― Jìn Chá Jì Biānqū ― Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Border Region

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 察

不察 (bùchá)
京察
亮察
伺察
便衣警察
保安警察
俯察
公路警察
刑事警察 (xíngshì jǐngchá)
制服警察
勘察 (kānchá)
司法警察 (sīfǎ jǐngchá)
垂察
失察 (shīchá)
察勘
察子
察察
察察而明 (cháchá'érmíng)
察布 (Chábù)
察惠
察核
察照
察相
察看 (chákàn)
察知 (cházhī)
察警
察院
巡察 (xúnchá)
按察 (ànchá)
按察使 (àncháshǐ)
探察 (tànchá)
明察 (míngchá)
明察秋毫 (míngchá qiūháo)
未察
查察
水上警察 (shuǐshàng jǐngchá)
洞察 (dòngchá)
清察
省察 (xǐngchá)
督察 (dūchá)
稽察

考察 (kǎochá)
肐肢肐察
苛察
荃察
行政警察
警察 (jǐngchá)
警察制度
警察局 (jǐngchájú)
迫而察之
洞察其奸
仰觀俯察／仰观俯察
偵察／侦察 (zhēnchá)
偵察兵／侦察兵 (zhēnchábīng)
偵察機／侦察机 (zhēnchájī)
偵察衛星／侦察卫星
察哈爾省／察哈尔省
察察為明／察察为明 (chácháwéimíng)
察納／察纳
察聽／察听
察舉／察举
察見淵魚／察见渊鱼
察覺／察觉 (chájué)
察言觀色／察言观色 (cháyánguānsè)
察訪／察访 (cháfǎng)
察顏觀色／察颜观色 (cháyánguānsè)
審察／审察 (shěnchá)
專業警察／专业警察
彰往察來／彰往察来
明察暗訪／明察暗访 (míngchá ànfǎng)
檢察／检察 (jiǎnchá)
檢察官／检察官 (jiǎncháguān)
檢察署／检察署
檢察院／检察院 (jiǎncháyuàn)
欽察汗國／钦察汗国 (Qīnchá Hánguó)
洞察機先／洞察机先
海上偵察／海上侦察
留置觀察／留置观察
監察／监察 (jiānchá)
監察人／监察人
監察委員／监察委员
監察御史／监察御史

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

察

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

guess

Readings[edit]

Go-on: せち (sechi)
Kan-on: さつ (satsu, Jōyō)
Kun: しる (shiru, 察る); みる (miru, 察る); あきらか (akiraka, 察らか)

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

察 • (chal) (hangeul 찰, revised chal, McCune–Reischauer ch'al)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

察: Hán Nôm readings: sát, xét

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

察

Contents

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

Readings[edit]

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

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