不能

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Chinese

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not; no
ability; can; may
ability; can; may; capable; energy; able
 
trad. (不能)
simp. #(不能)

Etymology

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The slang usage is a mimicry of Japanese syntax.

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3 2/4
Initial () (1) (1) (1) (8)
Final () (136) (136) (60) (129)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X) Checked (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open Closed Open
Division () III III III I
Fanqie
Baxter pjuw pjuwX pjut nong
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/pɨu/ /pɨuX/ /pɨut̚/ /nəŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/piu/ /piuX/ /piut̚/ /nəŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/piəu/ /piəuX/ /piuət̚/ /nəŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/puw/ /puwX/ /put̚/ /nəŋ/
Li
Rong
/piu/ /piuX/ /piuət̚/ /nəŋ/
Wang
Li
/pĭəu/ /pĭəuX/ /pĭuət̚/ /nəŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/pi̯ə̯u/ /pi̯ə̯uX/ /pi̯uət̚/ /nəŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
fōu fǒu fu néng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
fau1 fau2 fat1 nang4
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
néng
Middle
Chinese
‹ pjuw › ‹ nong ›
Old
Chinese
/*pə/ /*nˁə(ʔ)/ (~ *nˁəŋ)
English not able; ability

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3 3/4
No. 1025 1029 1048 9415
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0 0 1 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*pɯ/ /*pɯʔ/ /*pɯ'/ /*nɯːŋ/
Notes

Verb

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不能

  1. cannot; must not; should not
    不能瘋子講道理 [MSC, trad.]
    不能疯子讲道理 [MSC, simp.]
    Rén shì bùnéng gēn fēngzi jiǎngdàolǐ de. [Pinyin]
    You can't talk reason with crazy people.
    不能處分 [MSC, trad.]
    不能处分 [MSC, simp.]
    Nǐ shì bùnéng táo guò chǔfèn de. [Pinyin]
    You can't get away with it.
    不能未成年人 [MSC, trad.]
    不能未成年人 [MSC, simp.]
    bùnéng bǎ jiǔ mài gěi wèichéngniánrén. [Pinyin]
    You cannot sell alcohol to minors.
  2. to be unable to; to fail to

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (不能):
  • Japanese: ()(のう) (funō)
  • Korean: 불능(不能) (bulleung)

Particle

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不能

  1. (neologism, slang) A verbal complement expressing incapability.
    實在理解不能 [MSC, trad.]
    实在理解不能 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒ shízài lǐjiě bùnéng. [Pinyin]
    I really cannot understand.

Japanese

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Kanji in this term

Grade: 4
のう
Grade: 5
on'yomi

Adjective

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()(のう) (funō-na (adnominal ()(のう) (funō na), adverbial ()(のう) (funō ni))

  1. incompetent
  2. incapable, inefficient
  3. impossible

Inflection

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Synonyms

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Noun

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()(のう) (funō

  1. incompetence
  2. incapability, inefficiency
  3. impossibility

Derived terms

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References

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  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.