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See also:
U+6E90, 源
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6E90

[U+6E8F]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+6E91]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

Stroke order
13 strokes

(Kangxi radical 85, +10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 水一竹火 (EMHF), four-corner 31196, composition )

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 639, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17926
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1046, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1697, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+6E90

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
2nd round simp.
alternative forms

Glyph origin[edit]

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ŋʷan) and ideogrammic compound (會意): semantic (water) + phonetic (OC *ŋʷan, origin).

Etymology[edit]

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Related to (OC *ŋon, “head; principal; first; great”)?”

Pronunciation[edit]


Note:
  • nguang5 - Shantou;
  • nguêng5 - Chaozhou.
  • Wu

  • Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (31)
    Final () (66)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter ngjwon
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /ŋʉɐn/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /ŋʷiɐn/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /ŋiuɐn/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /ŋuan/
    Li
    Rong
    /ŋiuɐn/
    Wang
    Li
    /ŋĭwɐn/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /ŋi̯wɐn/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    yuán
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    jyun4
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    yuán
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ ngjwon ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*N-ɢʷar/
    English spring, source

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 16187
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*ŋʷan/
    Notes

    Definitions[edit]

    1. source of a river; headwaters; headspring; fountainhead
    2. source; origin; root
    3. a surname

    Synonyms[edit]

    Descendants[edit]

    Sino-Xenic ():
    • Japanese: (げん) (gen)
    • Korean: 원(源) (won)
    • Vietnamese: nguyên ()

    Compounds[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Readings[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    みなもと
    Grade: 6
    kun’yomi

    Derived from (mi, water, combining form) +‎ (na, Old Japanese possessive particle) +‎ , (moto, origin, source).[1][2]

    Vovin believes that the na in the initial mina- element is not a genitive particle, but rather actually meant "water", contending that the mi was instead the honorific prefix (mi-).[3]

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    (みなもと) (minamoto

    1. a fountainhead (source of a river)
      Synonym: 水源 (suigen)
    2. a source, origin
      Synonyms: 起源 (kigen), 根源 (kongen), 本源 (hongen)

    Proper noun[edit]

    (みなもと) (Minamoto

    1. a surname, especially those who are descendants of Emperor Saga

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    げん
    Grade: 6
    kan’on

    From Middle Chinese (MC ngjwon).

    Noun[edit]

    (げん) (gen

    1. a source, origin

    Affix[edit]

    (げん) (gen

    1. fountainhead
    2. source, origin
    3. Short for 源氏 (Genji): Minamoto clan
    Derived terms[edit]

    References[edit]

    1. ^ 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
    2. 2.0 2.1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    3. ^ Vovin, Alexander (2012,) Man'yoshu, Book 14: A New English Translation Containing the Original Text, Kana Transliteration, Romanization, Glossing and Commentary, Brill, page 57

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    (won) (hangeul , revised won, McCune–Reischauer wŏn, Yale wen)

    1. a spring
    2. source

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    : Hán Nôm readings: nguồn, nguyên, ngùn, nguyễn

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    References[edit]