賣

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See also: 𧶠, 卖, and 売
賣 U+8CE3, 賣
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8CE3
← 賢
[U+8CE2] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 賤 →
[U+8CE4]

Translingual[edit]

Traditional 賣
Shinjitai 売
Simplified 卖

Han character[edit]

賣 (Kangxi radical 154, 貝+8, 15 strokes, cangjie input 土田中金 (GWLC), four-corner 40806, composition ⿱士買)

Derived characters[edit]

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 1209, character 33
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36825
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1675, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3645, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+8CE3

Chinese[edit]

trad. 賣
simp. 卖
alternative forms 𧷓
𧷵 ‡
𧷨 ‡

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 賣
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (買) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
買 *mreːʔ
蕒 *mreːʔ
嘪 *mreːʔ
鷶 *mreːʔ
賣 *mreːs

Originally 𧷓, an ideogrammic compound (會意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *mreːs): semantic 出 (“go out”) + phonetic 買 (OC *mreːʔ, “buy”).

出, which indicates exoactive semantics (Sagart, 1999), was eventually reduced to the etymologically unrelated 士.

Etymology[edit]

Exoactive of 買 (OC *mreːʔ, “to buy”) (Sagart, 1995; Schuessler, 2007; Baxter and Sagart, 2014), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/m/s-laj ~ *r/s-lej ~ *b-rej (“to buy; to barter”); see there for more.

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • mâ̤ - vernacular;
  • mâi - literary.
  • Min Nan
    • Note:
    • bē/bōe/bǒe - vernacular;
    • māi - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Rime
    Character 賣
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 明 (4)
    Final (韻) 佳 (31)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) II
    Fanqie 莫懈切
    Baxter meaH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/mˠɛH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/mᵚæH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/mæiH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/maɨjH/
    Li
    Rong         		/mɛH/
    Wang
    Li         		/maiH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/maiH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		mài
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		maai6
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 賣
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		mài
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ meaH ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*mˁrajʔ-s/
    English sell

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 賣
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 8731
    Phonetic
    component         		買
    Rime
    group         		支
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		賣
    Old
    Chinese         		/*mreːs/

    Definitions[edit]

    賣

    1. to sell
      賣完／卖完  ―  màiwán  ―  to sell out
      這本書不賣。／这本书不卖。  ―  Zhè běn shū bù mài.  ―  This book is not for sale.
      他們在集市賣蔬菜和雞蛋。 [MSC, trad.]
      他们在集市卖蔬菜和鸡蛋。 [MSC, simp.]
      Tāmen zài jíshì mài shūcài hé jīdàn. [Pinyin]
      They sell vegetables and eggs in the marketplace.
      越賣越貴／越卖越贵 [Cantonese]  ―  jyut6 maai6 jyut6 gwai3 [Jyutping]  ―  the more it sells, the more expensive it grows
    2. to betray; to sell out
      出賣／出卖  ―  chūmài  ―  to betray
      賣國／卖国  ―  màiguó  ―  to betray one's country
      賣友求榮／卖友求荣  ―  màiyǒuqiúróng  ―  to betray someone to obtain promotion
      這個王八蛋居然把我給賣了！ [MSC, trad.]
      这个王八蛋居然把我给卖了！ [MSC, simp.]
      Zhège wángbadàn jūrán bǎ wǒ gěi mài le! [Pinyin]
      The bastard unexpectedly sold me out!
    3. to spare no effort; to do one's best
    4. to show off
      賣弄／卖弄  ―  màinòng  ―  to show off
      賣功／卖功  ―  màigōng  ―  to show off one's merit
    5. (Cantonese, of the media) to publish (a piece of news)
      琴日報紙冇賣呢單新聞嘅？ [Cantonese, trad.]
      琴日报纸冇卖呢单新闻嘅？ [Cantonese, simp.]
      kam4 jat6 bou3 zi2 mou5 maai6 nei1 daan1 san1 man4-2 ge2? [Jyutping]
      Why didn't newspaper publish this piece of news yesterday?

    Synonyms[edit]

    • (to sell):

    Antonyms[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Descendants[edit]

    • → Proto-Hmong-Mien: *mɛjH (“to sell”)

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Shinjitai

    		売

    Kyūjitai

    		賣

    Kanji[edit]

    賣

    (“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 売)

    1. to sell

    Readings[edit]

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    賣 (eumhun 팔 매 (pal mae))

    1. Hanja form? of 매 (“to sell”).

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    References[edit]

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    賣: Hán Việt readings: mại[1]
    賣: Nôm readings: mải[2], mợi[2]

    1. chữ Hán form of mại (“to sell”).

    References[edit]

    1. ^ Trần (1999).
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Hồ (1976).
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