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See also: 𧶠, , and
U+8CE3, 賣
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8CE3

[U+8CE2]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+8CE4]

Translingual

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Traditional
Shinjitai
Simplified

Han character

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(Kangxi radical 154, +8, 15 strokes, cangjie input 土田中金 (GWLC), four-corner 40806, composition )

Derived characters

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Descendants

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1209, character 33
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36825
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1675, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3645, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+8CE3

Chinese

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trad.
simp.
alternative forms 𧷓
𧷵
𧷨

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Originally 𧷓, an ideogrammic compound (會意会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *mreːs) : semantic (go out) + phonetic (OC *mreːʔ, buy).

, which indicates exoactive semantics (Sagart, 1999), was eventually reduced to the etymologically unrelated .

Unrelated to 𧶠, which is used as a phonetic component in a number of characters.

Etymology

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Exoactive of (OC *mreːʔ, “to buy”) (Sagart, 1995; Schuessler, 2007; Baxter and Sagart, 2014), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/m/s-laj ~ *r/s-lej ~ *b-rej (to buy; to barter); see there for more.

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Isn't the -s suffix in Old Chinese a causative / transitivizing element? In which case, /*mˤrajʔ-s/ "to sell" = /*mˤrajʔ/ "to buy" + /-s/ "to cause to do" → "to make someone buy", which makes sense both semantically and derivationally.”

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • mâ̤ - vernacular;
  • mâi - literary.
Note:
  • bē/bōe/bǒe - vernacular;
  • māi - literary.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (4)
Final () (31)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () II
Fanqie
Baxter meaH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/mˠɛH/
Pan
Wuyun
/mᵚæH/
Shao
Rongfen
/mæiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/maɨjH/
Li
Rong
/mɛH/
Wang
Li
/maiH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/maiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
mài
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
maai6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
mài
Middle
Chinese
‹ meaH ›
Old
Chinese
/*mˁrajʔ-s/
English sell

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 8731
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*mreːs/

Definitions

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  1. to sell
      ―  màiwán  ―  to sell out
      ―  Zhè běn shū bù mài.  ―  This book is not for sale.
    他們集市蔬菜雞蛋 [MSC, trad.]
    他们集市蔬菜鸡蛋 [MSC, simp.]
    Tāmen zài jíshì mài shūcài hé jīdàn. [Pinyin]
    They sell vegetables and eggs in the marketplace.
    [Cantonese]  ―  jyut6 maai6 jyut6 gwai3 [Jyutping]  ―  the more it sells, the more expensive it grows
  2. to betray; to sell out
      ―  chūmài  ―  to betray
      ―  màiguó  ―  to betray one's country
    友求榮友求荣  ―  màiyǒuqiúróng  ―  to betray someone to obtain promotion
    這個王八蛋居然 [MSC, trad.]
    这个王八蛋居然 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhège wángbadàn jūrán bǎ wǒ gěi mài le! [Pinyin]
    The bastard unexpectedly sold me out!
  3. to spare no effort; to do one's best
  4. to show off
      ―  màinòng  ―  to show off
      ―  màigōng  ―  to show off one's merit
  5. (Cantonese, of the media) to publish (a piece of news)
    琴日報紙新聞 [Cantonese, trad.]
    琴日报纸新闻 [Cantonese, simp.]
    kam4 jat6 bou3 zi2 mou5 maai6 nei1 daan1 san1 man4-2 ge2? [Jyutping]
    Why didn't newspaper publish this piece of news yesterday?

Synonyms

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  • (to sell):
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Antonyms

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Compounds

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Descendants

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  • Proto-Hmong-Mien: *mɛjH (to sell)

References

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Japanese

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Shinjitai

Kyūjitai

Kanji

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(Jinmeiyō kanjikyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form )

  1. to sell

Readings

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  • Go-on: (me)
  • Kan-on: ばい (bai)
  • Tō-on: まい (mai)
  • Kun: うる (uru, 賣る)うれる (ureru, 賣れる)

Korean

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Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun (pal mae))

  1. hanja form? of (to sell)

Compounds

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References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Việt readings: mại[1]
: Nôm readings: mải[2], mợi[2]

  1. chữ Hán form of mại (to sell).

References

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