忍

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忍 U+5FCD, 忍
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5FCD
← 忌
[U+5FCC]		 CJK Unified Ideographs 忎 →
[U+5FCE]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

忍 (radical 61 心+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 尸戈心 (SIP), four-corner 17332, composition ⿱刃心)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 376, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10312
  • Dae Jaweon: page 702, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2271, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+5FCD

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 忍

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 忍
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script
忍-bronze.svg 忍-seal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (刃) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
涊 *nɯːnʔ, *njɯnʔ
紉 *nɯn
忍 *njɯnʔ
荵 *njɯnʔ
刃 *njɯns
認 *njɯns, *njɯŋs
仞 *njɯns
軔 *njɯns
韌 *njɯns
肕 *njɯns
牣 *njɯns
杒 *njɯns
訒 *njɯns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *njɯnʔ): phonetic 刃 (OC *njɯns, “blade”) + semantic 心 (“heart”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • lím/jím - literary;
  • lún - vernacular.
Note:
  • 3nyin - colloquial;
  • 3zen - literary.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 忍
Mandarin Beijing /ʐən²¹⁴/
Harbin /ʐən²¹³/
Tianjin /in¹³/
/ʐən¹³/
Jinan /ʐẽ⁵⁵/
Qingdao /iə̃⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /ʐən⁵³/
Xi'an /ʐẽ⁵³/
Xining /ʐə̃⁵³/
Yinchuan /ʐəŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /ʐə̃n⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /ʐɤŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /nən⁴²/
Chengdu /zən⁵³/
Guiyang /zen⁴²/
Kunming /ʐə̃⁵³/
Nanjing /ʐən²¹²/
Hefei /ʐən²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /zəŋ⁵³/
Pingyao /ʐəŋ⁵³/
Hohhot /ʐə̃ŋ⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /ȵiŋ²³/
/zəŋ²³/
Suzhou /zən³¹/
Hangzhou /zen¹³/
Wenzhou /ȵaŋ³⁵/
Hui Shexian /niʌ̃³⁵/
Tunxi /ȵin²⁴/
Xiang Changsha /ʐən⁴¹/
Xiangtan /in⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /ȵɨn²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /ŋiun⁴⁴/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /jɐn³⁵/
Nanning /jɐn²⁴/
Hong Kong /jɐn³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /lim⁵³/
/lun⁵³/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /yŋ³²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /neiŋ²¹/
Shantou (Min Nan) /zim⁵³/
/luŋ⁵³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /zin²¹³/
/zun²¹³/
/nun²¹³/
Rime
Character 忍
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 日 (38)
Final (韻) 眞 (43)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 而軫切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ȵiɪnX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ȵinX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ȵʑjenX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ȵinX/
Li
Rong		 /ȵiĕnX/
Wang
Li		 /ȵʑĭĕnX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ȵʑi̯ĕnX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 rěn
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 忍 忍
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 rěn rěn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ nyinX › ‹ nyinX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*nə[n]ʔ/ /*nə[n]ʔ/
English cruel endure

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 忍
Reading # 1/1
No. 10828
Phonetic
component		 刃
Rime
group		 文
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 忍
Old
Chinese		 /*njɯnʔ/

Definitions[edit]

忍

  1. to endure; to bear; to suffer
  2. to forbear
    忍笑  ―  rěn xiào  ―  to stifle a laugh
    忍著眼淚 / 忍着眼泪  ―  rěn zhe yǎnlèi  ―  to hold back tears

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

忍

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. patience, endurance, stamina.

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Proper noun[edit]

忍 (hiragana しのぶ, rōmaji Shinobu)

  1. A male or female given name
  2. A surname​.

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

忍 • (in)

  • Eumhun:
    • Sound (hangeul): 인 (revised: in, McCune-Reischauer: in, Yale: in)
    • Name (hangeul): 참다

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

忍 (nhẫn, nhịn, những, nhẩn, nhẵn)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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