笑

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See also: 咲 and 笶
笑 U+7B11, 笑
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7B11
← 笐
[U+7B10] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 笒 →
[U+7B12]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
10 strokes

Han character[edit]

笑 (radical 118, 竹+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 竹竹大 (HHK), four-corner 88432, composition ⿱⺮夭)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 879, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25885
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1307, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2950, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+7B11

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 笑
alternative forms 关
咲
㗛
𥬇
𠺑
Wikipedia has an article on:

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 笑
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Chu Slip and silk script Small seal script
笑-silk.svg 笑-seal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (夭) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
笑 *sqʰows
夭 *qoːwʔ, *qrow, *qrowʔ
镺 *qoːwʔ, *qoːws
芺 *qoːwʔ, *qrowʔ
妖 *qrow
祅 *qrow
枖 *qrow
訞 *qrow
殀 *qrowʔ
仸 *qrowʔ
妋 *pa, *qu
飫 *qos
沃 *qoːwɢ
鋈 *qoːwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *sqʰows): semantic 竹 + phonetic 夭 (OC *qoːwʔ, *qrow, *qrowʔ).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • chhiò - vernacular;
  • chhiàu - vernacular (used in some compounds, may also be considered literary);
  • siàu - literary.
Note: ciê3 - Chaozhou.
Rime
Character 笑
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 心 (16)
Final (韻) 宵 (91)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 私妙切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/siᴇuH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/siɛuH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/sjæuH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/siawH/
Li
Rong 		/siɛuH/
Wang
Li 		/sĭɛuH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/si̯ɛuH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		xiào
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 笑
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		xiào
Middle
Chinese 		‹ sjewH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[s-l]aw-s/
English to laugh

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 笑
Reading # 1/1
No. 14621
Phonetic
component 		夭
Rime
group 		宵
Rime
subdivision 		3
Corresponding
MC rime 		𥬇
Old
Chinese 		/*sqʰows/
Notes 原下從犬，注或作此。漢書作八下夭

Definitions[edit]

笑

  1. (intransitive) to laugh; to smile
    笑容  ―  xiàoróng  ―  smile
    唔識笑 / 唔识笑 [Cantonese]  ―  m4 sik1 siu3 [Jyutping]  ―  never smiles
  2. (transitive) to laugh at; to ridicule
    點解你哋成日笑我㗎？ [Cantonese, trad.]
    点解你哋成日笑我㗎？ [Cantonese, simp.]
    Dim2 gaai2 nei5 dei6 seng4 jat6 siu3 ngo5 gaa3? [Jyutping]
    Why do you guys always laugh at me?
  3. (ditransitive) to laugh at; to ridicule
    笑佢唔識講廣東話 [Cantonese, trad.]
    笑佢唔识讲广东话 [Cantonese, simp.]
    siu3 keoi5 m4 sik1 gong2 gwong2 dung1 waa6-2 [Jyutping]
    to make fun of them for not knowing how to speak Cantonese
  4. funny; amusing
    笑話 / 笑话  ―  xiàohuà  ―  joke (literally, “funny words”)
  5. (rare) A surname​.

Synonyms[edit]

Dialectal synonyms of 笑 (“to laugh; to smile”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 笑
Mandarin Beijing 樂, 笑
Taiwan 笑
Harbin 樂
Jinan 笑
Wanrong 笑
Xi'an 笑
Wuhan 笑, 奢
Chengdu 笑
Yangzhou 笑
Hefei 笑
Malaysia 笑
Singapore 笑
Cantonese Guangzhou 笑
Hong Kong 笑
Yangjiang 笑
Gan Nanchang 笑
Pingxiang 笑
Hakka Meixian 笑
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 笑
Liudui (S. Sixian) 笑
Hsinchu (Hailu) 笑
Dongshi (Dabu) 笑
Hsinchu (Raoping) 笑
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 笑
Huizhou Jixi 笑
Jin Taiyuan 笑
Min Bei Jian'ou 笑
Min Dong Fuzhou 笑
Min Nan Xiamen 笑
Quanzhou 笑
Zhangzhou 笑
Chaozhou 笑
Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 笑
Shehua Fu'an 笑
Fuding 笑
Luoyuan 笑
Sanming 笑
Shunchang 笑
Hua'an 笑
Guixi 笑
Cangnan 笑
Jingning 笑
Lishui 笑
Longyou 笑
Chaozhou 笑
Fengshun 笑
Wu Shanghai 笑
Suzhou 笑
Hangzhou 笑
Wenzhou 笑
Danyang 笑
Xiang Changsha 笑
Shuangfeng 笑

See also[edit]

  • (to laugh at): 嘲 (cháo), 嗤 (chī)

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 笑

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

笑

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. to laugh; laughter
  2. to smile; a smile

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

Etymology 1[edit]

Kanji in this term
笑
わら(い)
Grade: 4
kun’yomi

The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 笑う (warau, “to laugh; to smile”).[1][2]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

笑(わらい) • (warai)  (historical kana わらひ)

  1. a laugh, laughing, laughter
  2. a smile, smiling
Usage notes[edit]

More commonly spelled with the okurigana, as 笑い.

The warai reading is more commonly associated with the laugh senses. The emi reading is more commonly associated with the smile senses.

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
笑
え(み)
Grade: 4
kun’yomi

The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 笑む (emu, “to smile; to bloom”).[1][2]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

笑(えみ) • (emi)  (historical kana ゑみ)

  1. a smile, smiling
  2. a bloom, blooming
  3. the opening of a nut or other fruit as it ripens
Usage notes[edit]

More commonly spelled with the okurigana, as 笑み.

The emi reading is more commonly associated with the smile senses. The warai reading is more commonly associated with the laugh senses.

Proper noun[edit]

笑(えみ) • (Emi)  (historical kana ゑみ)

  1. a female given name
  2. a surname

Etymology 3[edit]

Kanji in this term
笑
え
Grade: 4
kun’yomi

Likely related to the emi above.

Noun[edit]

笑(え) • (e)  (historical kana ゑ)

  1. (in compounds) smile
    Used in compounds such as 笑(え)顔(がお) (egao), 笑(え)酒(ぐし) (egushi), and 笑(え)壺(つぼ) (etsubo).

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

笑 (eumhun 웃을 소 (useul so))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

笑 (tiếu, téo)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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