笑

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See also: 咲 and 笶
笑 U+7B11, 笑
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7B11
← 笐
[U+7B10] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 笒 →
[U+7B12]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
10 strokes

Han character[edit]

笑 (Kangxi radical 118, 竹+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 竹竹大 (HHK), four-corner 88432, composition ⿱𥫗夭)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 879, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25885
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1307, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2950, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+7B11

Chinese[edit]

trad. 笑
simp. # 笑
alternative forms 关
咲
㗛
𥬇
𠺑
Wikipedia has articles on:

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 笑
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Chu slip and silk script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (夭) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
笑 *sqʰows
夭 *qoːwʔ, *qrow, *qrowʔ
镺 *qoːwʔ, *qoːws
芺 *qoːwʔ, *qrowʔ
妖 *qrow
祅 *qrow
枖 *qrow
訞 *qrow
殀 *qrowʔ
仸 *qrowʔ
妋 *pa, *qu
飫 *qos
沃 *qoːwɢ
鋈 *qoːwɢ

Originally ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) or phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sqʰows): phonetic 艸 (OC *sʰuːʔ, “grass”) + semantic 犬 (“dog”). Later, phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sqʰows): semantic 竹 + phonetic 夭 (OC *qoːwʔ, *qrow, *qrowʔ).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • chhiò - vernacular;
  • chhiàu - vernacular (used in some compounds, may also be considered literary);
  • siàu - literary.
Note:
  • ciê3 - Chaozhou;
  • cio3 - Shantou, Jieyang, Chaoyang.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Rime
    Character 笑
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 心 (16)
    Final (韻) 宵 (91)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 私妙切
    Baxter sjewH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/siᴇuH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/siɛuH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/sjæuH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/siawH/
    Li
    Rong         		/siɛuH/
    Wang
    Li         		/sĭɛuH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/si̯ɛuH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		xiào
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		siu3
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 笑
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		xiào
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ sjewH ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[s-l]aw-s/
    English to laugh

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 笑
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 14621
    Phonetic
    component         		夭
    Rime
    group         		宵
    Rime
    subdivision         		3
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		𥬇
    Old
    Chinese         		/*sqʰows/
    Notes 原下從犬，注或作此。漢書作八下夭
    笑

    Definitions[edit]

    笑

    1. (intransitive) to laugh; to smile
      笑容  ―  xiàoróng  ―  smile
      唔識笑／唔识笑 [Cantonese]  ―  m4 sik1 siu3 [Jyutping]  ―  never smiles
    2. (transitive) to laugh at; to ridicule
      點解你哋成日笑我㗎？ [Cantonese, trad.]
      点解你哋成日笑我㗎？ [Cantonese, simp.]
      dim2 gaai2 nei5 dei6 seng4 jat6 siu3 ngo5 gaa3? [Jyutping]
      Why do you guys always laugh at me?
    3. (ditransitive) to laugh at; to ridicule
      笑佢唔識講廣東話 [Cantonese, trad.]
      笑佢唔识讲广东话 [Cantonese, simp.]
      siu3 keoi5 m4 sik1 gong2 gwong2 dung1 waa6-2 [Jyutping]
      to make fun of them for not knowing how to speak Cantonese
    4. (literary, or in compounds) funny; amusing
      笑話／笑话  ―  xiàohuà  ―  joke (literally, “funny words”)
    5. (obsolete, figurative) to blossom; to bloom
    6. (rare) a surname

    Synonyms[edit]

    • (to laugh):
    Dialectal synonyms of 笑 (“to laugh; to smile”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 笑
    Mandarin Beijing 樂, 笑
    Taiwan 笑
    Harbin 樂
    Jinan 笑
    Wanrong 笑
    Xi'an 笑
    Wuhan 笑, 奢
    Chengdu 笑
    Guilin 笑
    Yangzhou 笑
    Hefei 笑
    Malaysia 笑
    Singapore 笑
    Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) 笑
    Cantonese Guangzhou 笑
    Hong Kong 笑
    Yangjiang 笑
    Beihai 笑
    Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 笑
    Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 笑
    Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 笑
    Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 笑
    Móng Cái 笑
    Gan Nanchang 笑
    Pingxiang 笑
    Hakka Meixian 笑
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 笑
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 笑
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 笑
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 笑
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 笑
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 笑
    Huizhou Jixi 笑
    Jin Taiyuan 笑
    Min Bei Jian'ou 笑
    Min Dong Fuzhou 笑
    Min Nan Xiamen 笑
    Quanzhou 笑
    Zhangzhou 笑
    Manila (Hokkien) 笑
    Chaozhou 笑
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 笑
    Binyang 笑
    Shehua Fu'an 笑
    Fuding 笑
    Luoyuan 笑
    Sanming 笑
    Shunchang 笑
    Hua'an 笑
    Guixi (Zhangping) 笑
    Cangnan 笑
    Jingning 笑
    Lishui 笑
    Longyou 笑
    Chaozhou 笑
    Fengshun 笑
    Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 笑
    Yuanling (Shaojiwan) 笑
    Luxi (Baisha) 笑
    Wu Shanghai 笑
    Suzhou 笑
    Danyang 笑
    Hangzhou 笑
    Wenzhou 笑
    Xiang Changsha 笑
    Shuangfeng 笑
    • (to ridicule):

    See also[edit]

    • (to laugh at): 嘲 (cháo), 嗤 (chī)

    Compounds[edit]

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    笑

    (grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. to laugh; laughter
    2. to smile; a smile

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    笑
    わら(い)
    Grade: 4
    kun’yomi

    The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 笑う (warau, “to laugh; to smile”).[1][2]

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    笑(わらい) • (warai) ←わらひ (warafi)?

    1. a laugh, laughing, laughter
    2. a smile, smiling
    Usage notes[edit]

    More commonly spelled with the okurigana, as 笑い.

    The warai reading is more commonly associated with the laugh senses. The emi reading is more commonly associated with the smile senses.

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    笑
    え(み)
    Grade: 4
    kun’yomi

    The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 笑む (emu, “to smile; to bloom”).[1][2]

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    笑(えみ) • (emi) ←ゑみ (wemi)?

    1. a smile, smiling
    2. a bloom, blooming
    3. the opening of a nut or other fruit as it ripens
    Usage notes[edit]

    More commonly spelled with the okurigana, as 笑み.

    The emi reading is more commonly associated with the smile senses. The warai reading is more commonly associated with the laugh senses.

    Proper noun[edit]

    笑(えみ) • (Emi) ←ゑみ (wemi)?

    1. a female given name
    2. a surname

    Etymology 3[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    笑
    え
    Grade: 4
    kun’yomi

    Likely related to the emi above.

    Noun[edit]

    笑(え) • (e) ←ゑ (we)?

    1. (in compounds) smile
      Used in compounds such as 笑(え)顔(がお) (egao), 笑(え)酒(ぐし) (egushi), and 笑(え)壺(つぼ) (etsubo).

    Etymology 4[edit]

    Punctuation mark[edit]

    笑(わら) • (wara) 

    1. (informal, teen slang) Alternative form of (笑): LOL

    References[edit]

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    笑 (eumhun 웃을 소 (useul so))

    1. Hanja form? of 소 (“laugh”).

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    笑: Hán Nôm readings: tiếu, téo

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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