玩
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Translingual
[edit]| Stroke order | |||
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Han character
[edit]玩 (Kangxi radical 96, 玉+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 一土一一山 (MGMMU), four-corner 11111, composition ⿰𤣩元)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 728, character 15
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20872
- Dae Jaweon: page 1140, character 14
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1103, character 4
- Unihan data for U+73A9
Chinese
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
玩 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 貦／𰷡 archaic 翫 archaic 反 (faan2) Cantonese 𠆩 (faan2) Cantonese 挽 (waan2) Hong Kong Internet slang | |
Glyph origin
[edit]| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 冠 | *kŋoːn, *kŋoːns |
| 莞 | *kŋoːn, *ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋroːnʔ |
| 脘 | *ŋkoːnʔ |
| 筦 | *ŋkoːnʔ |
| 梡 | *ŋ̊ʰoːnʔ, *ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋoːnʔ |
| 岏 | *ŋoːn |
| 刓 | *ŋoːn |
| 园 | *ŋoːn |
| 忨 | *ŋoːn, *ŋoːns |
| 蚖 | *ŋoːn, *ŋon |
| 黿 | *ŋoːn, *ŋon |
| 抏 | *ŋoːn |
| 玩 | *ŋoːns |
| 貦 | *ŋoːns |
| 翫 | *ŋoːns |
| 妧 | *ŋoːns |
| 完 | *ɦŋoːn |
| 捖 | *ɦŋoːn |
| 垸 | *ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋoːns |
| 綄 | *ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋoːnʔ |
| 院 | *ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋons |
| 皖 | *ɦŋoːnʔ, *ɦŋroːnʔ |
| 晥 | *ɦŋoːnʔ |
| 浣 | *ɦŋoːnʔ |
| 頑 | *ŋroːn, *ŋroːn |
| 睆 | *ɦŋroːnʔ |
| 鯇 | *ɦŋroːnʔ |
| 元 | *ŋon |
| 沅 | *ŋon |
| 芫 | *ŋon |
| 杬 | *ŋon |
| 邧 | *ŋon, *ŋonʔ |
| 阮 | *ŋon, *ŋonʔ |
| 俒 | *ɦŋuːn, *ɦŋuːns |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ŋoːns): semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 元 (OC *ŋon) – ancient toys made of jade.
Pronunciation 1
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): waan4-2 / waan4 / faan2
- Gan (Wiktionary): uan4
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngòan
- Jin (Wiktionary): van1
- Eastern Min (BUC): nguàng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6woe; 6me
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): uan2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: wán
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄢˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wán
- Wade–Giles: wan2
- Yale: wán
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wan
- Palladius: вань (vanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /wän³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (玩兒 / 玩儿)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: wánr
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄢˊㄦ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wánr
- Wade–Giles: wan2-ʼrh
- Yale: wánr
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wal
- Palladius: ваньр (vanʹr)
- Sinological IPA (key): /wɑɻ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: waan4-2 / waan4 / faan2
- Yale: wáan / wàahn / fáan
- Cantonese Pinyin: waan4-2 / waan4 / faan2
- Guangdong Romanization: wan4-2 / wan4 / fan2
- Sinological IPA (key): /waːn²¹⁻³⁵/, /waːn²¹/, /faːn³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note:
- waan4-2 - common;
- waan4 - rare;
- faan2 - variant, perhaps dialectal influence.
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: uan4
- Sinological IPA (key): /uan³⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngòan
- Hakka Romanization System: nguanˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: nguan2
- Sinological IPA: /ŋu̯an¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
Note: ngòan - literary (“to play”).
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: van1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /væ̃¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: nguàng
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋuaŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
Note: nguàng - literary (“to play”) (colloquial equivalent is 客佻).
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: goân
- Tâi-lô: guân
- Phofsit Daibuun: goaan
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡuan¹³/
- IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /ɡuan²⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: goán
- Tâi-lô: guán
- Phofsit Daibuun: goarn
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡuan⁴¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /ɡuan⁵³/
Note:
- oán - vernacular (俗);
- goân/goán - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: nguêng2 / nguang2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nguéng / nguáng
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋueŋ⁵²/, /ŋuaŋ⁵²/
Note:
- nguêng2 - Chaozhou;
- nguang2 - Shantou.
Note:
- 3hhoe - literary;
- 3me - colloquial.
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: uan2
- Sinological IPA (key): /u̯an¹³/
- (Changsha)
Definitions
[edit]玩
- to play with; to toy with
- to play; to engage in sports or recreational activities
- to dabble in
- to play; to hang out; to have a good time; to have fun; to spend time socially (e.g. with friends); to go out
- to tease; to trifle with
Synonyms
[edit]- (to play):
Dialectal synonyms of 玩 (“to play; to play with”) [map]
Descendants
[edit]- Wutunhua: wan
Compounds
[edit]- 不是玩兒的 / 不是玩儿的 (bùshì wánr de)
- 不是玩的
- 好玩
- 愛玩 / 爱玩
- 撫玩 / 抚玩
- 擁兵玩寇 / 拥兵玩寇
- 混吃混玩
- 玩不得的
- 玩不轉 / 玩不转
- 玩伴 (wánbàn)
- 玩兒命 / 玩儿命 (wánrmìng)
- 玩兒完 / 玩儿完 (wánrwán)
- 玩命 (wánmìng)
- 玩嘢
- 玩完 (wánwán)
- 玩家 (wánjiā)
- 玩帥 / 玩帅
- 玩弄
- 玩得轉 / 玩得转
- 玩意 (wányì)
- 玩把戲 / 玩把戏
- 玩死
- 玩殘 / 玩残
- 玩火 (wánhuǒ)
- 玩票 (wánpiào)
- 玩笑 (wánxiào)
- 玩笑旦
- 玩耍 (wánshuǎ)
- 玩花招
- 玩花頭 / 玩花头
- 玩藝 / 玩艺 (wányì)
- 玩謝 / 玩谢
- 玩陰的 / 玩阴的 (wán yīnde)
- 白玩 (báiwán)
- 童玩
- 說著玩 / 说著玩
- 貪玩 / 贪玩 (tānwán)
- 鬧著玩 / 闹著玩 (nàozhewán)
Pronunciation 2
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): wun6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngóan
- Eastern Min (BUC): nguâng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6woe; 6me
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): onn4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, colloquial; standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: wán
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄢˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wán
- Wade–Giles: wan2
- Yale: wán
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wan
- Palladius: вань (vanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /wän³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, literary; variant in Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: wàn
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄢˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wàn
- Wade–Giles: wan4
- Yale: wàn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wann
- Palladius: вань (vanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /wän⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, colloquial; standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: wun6
- Yale: wuhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: wun6
- Guangdong Romanization: wun6
- Sinological IPA (key): /wuːn²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngóan
- Hakka Romanization System: nguanˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: nguan3
- Sinological IPA: /ŋu̯an³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
Note:
- ngóan - literary (“to tease; toy”).
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: nguâng
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋuɑŋ²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
Note:
- nguâng - literary (“to tease; to enjoy; toy”).
Note:
- nguêng2 - Chaozhou;
- nguang2 - Shantou.
- Middle Chinese: ngwanH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ŋ]ˤo[n]-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ŋoːns/
Definitions
[edit]玩
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to hold and fondle; to play with; to toy with; to dally with
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to enjoy; to appreciate
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) toy; plaything; object for appreciation
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to trifle with; to treat without seriousness or respect
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to savour; to deliberate
Compounds
[edit]- 古玩 (gǔwán)
- 好玩 (hàowán, hàowàn)
- 寶玩 / 宝玩 (bǎowán)
- 怠玩
- 把玩 (bǎwán)
- 披玩
- 探異玩奇 / 探异玩奇
- 日久玩生
- 清玩
- 熟讀玩味 / 熟读玩味
- 狎玩
- 玩世 (wánshì)
- 玩人喪德 / 玩人丧德
- 玩偶 (wán'ǒu)
- 玩具 (wánjù)
- 玩其磧礫，不窺玉淵 / 玩其碛砾，不窥玉渊
- 玩味 (wánwèi)
- 玩好 (wánhào)
- 玩弄
- 玩忽
- 玩愒
- 玩日愒歲 / 玩日愒岁
- 玩樂 / 玩乐 (wánlè)
- 玩歲愒日 / 玩岁愒日
- 玩法
- 玩物
- 玩習 / 玩习
- 玩賞 / 玩赏
- 珍玩 (zhēnwán)
- 細玩 / 细玩
- 耽玩
- 褻玩 / 亵玩 (xièwán)
- 賞玩 / 赏玩 (shǎngwán)
- 遊山玩水 / 游山玩水 (yóushānwánshuǐ)
- 遊玩 / 游玩 (yóuwán)
- 雅玩
- 電玩 / 电玩 (diànwán)
References
[edit]- “玩”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]玩
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: がん (gan, Jōyō)←ぐわん (gwan, historical)
- Kan-on: がん (gan, Jōyō)←ぐわん (gwan, historical)
- Kun: もてあそぶ (moteasobu, 玩ぶ)
Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 玩 (MC ngwanH).
Historical readings
- Recorded as Middle Korean ᅌᅪᆫ〮 (Yale: ngwán) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
- Recorded as Middle Korean 완 (wan) (Yale: wan) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [wa̠(ː)n]
- Phonetic hangul: [완(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Hanja
[edit]
Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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