完

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See also: 宗
完 U+5B8C, 完
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5B8C
← 宋
[U+5B8B] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 宍 →
[U+5B8D]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
7 strokes

Han character[edit]

完 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 十一一山 (JMMU), four-corner 30211, composition ⿱宀元)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 282, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7079
  • Dae Jaweon: page 555, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 914, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+5B8C

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 完

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (元) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
冠 *kŋoːn, *kŋoːns
莞 *kŋoːn, *ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋroːnʔ
脘 *ŋkoːnʔ
筦 *ŋkoːnʔ
梡 *ŋ̊ʰoːnʔ, *ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋoːnʔ
岏 *ŋoːn
刓 *ŋoːn
园 *ŋoːn
忨 *ŋoːn, *ŋoːns
蚖 *ŋoːn, *ŋon
黿 *ŋoːn, *ŋon
抏 *ŋoːn
玩 *ŋoːns
貦 *ŋoːns
翫 *ŋoːns
妧 *ŋoːns
完 *ɦŋoːn
捖 *ɦŋoːn
垸 *ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋoːns
綄 *ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋoːnʔ
院 *ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋons
皖 *ɦŋoːnʔ, *ɦŋroːnʔ
晥 *ɦŋoːnʔ
浣 *ɦŋoːnʔ
頑 *ŋroːn, *ŋroːn
睆 *ɦŋroːnʔ
鯇 *ɦŋroːnʔ
元 *ŋon
沅 *ŋon
芫 *ŋon
杬 *ŋon
邧 *ŋon, *ŋonʔ
阮 *ŋon, *ŋonʔ
俒 *ɦŋuːn, *ɦŋuːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɦŋoːn) : semantic 宀 (“roof”) + phonetic 元 (OC *ŋon).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note: vòn - “whole”.
Note:
  • uang5 - Shantou;
  • uêng5 - Chaozhou.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 完
Mandarin Beijing /uan²¹⁴/
Harbin /uan²⁴/
Tianjin /van⁴⁵/
Jinan /vã⁴²/
Qingdao /vã⁴²/
Zhengzhou /uan⁴²/
Xi'an /uã²⁴/
Xining /uã²⁴/
Yinchuan /van⁵³/
Lanzhou /vɛ̃n⁵³/
Ürümqi /van⁵¹/
Wuhan /uan²¹³/
Chengdu /uan³¹/
Guiyang /uan²¹/
Kunming /uã̠³¹/
Nanjing /uaŋ²⁴/
Hefei /ʊ̃⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /væ̃¹¹/
Pingyao /uɑŋ¹³/
Hohhot /væ̃³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ɦuø²³/
Suzhou /ɦuø¹³/
Hangzhou /ɦuõ²¹³/
Wenzhou /jy³¹/
Hui Shexian /uɛ⁴⁴/
Tunxi /uːə⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /õ¹³/ ～好
/yẽ¹³/ ～姑妈
Xiangtan /ɔn¹²/
Gan Nanchang /uɵn⁴⁵/
/fɵn⁴⁵/
/yɵn⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /van¹¹/
Taoyuan /vɑn¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jyn²¹/
Nanning /yn²¹/
Hong Kong /jyn²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /huan³⁵/
/uan³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /uoŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /uiŋ²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /uaŋ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /zuaŋ³¹/
Rime
Character 完
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 桓 (62)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 胡官切
Baxter hwan
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɦuɑn/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɦʷɑn/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɣuɑn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɦwan/
Li
Rong 		/ɣuɑn/
Wang
Li 		/ɣuɑn/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ɣuɑn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		huán
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		wun4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 完
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		wán
Middle
Chinese 		‹ hwan ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[ɢ]ˁo[n]/
English finish (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 完
Reading # 1/1
No. 16125
Phonetic
component 		元
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		3
Corresponding
MC rime 		桓
Old
Chinese 		/*ɦŋoːn/

Definitions[edit]

完

  1. whole; complete; intact
    完好  ―  wánhǎo  ―  intact
  2. to end; to finish
    說個沒完／说个没完  ―  shuō ge méi wán  ―  to not stop talking
    噉就完咗喇？ [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
    gam2 zau6 jyun4 zo2 laa4? [Jyutping]
    Is that all!? / It's over just like that?
    1. Used after a verb to indicate perfective aspect (action completion).
    食完 [Cantonese]  ―  sik6 jyun4 [Jyutping]  ―  done eating
    搞完！ [Cantonese]  ―  gaau2 jyun4! [Jyutping]  ―  Done!
    你的作業做完了沒有？ [MSC, trad.]
    你的作业做完了没有？ [MSC, simp.]
    Nǐ de zuòyè zuò wán le méiyǒu? [Pinyin]
    Have you finished your homework?
    我還沒說完呢。／我还没说完呢。  ―  Wǒ hái méi shuō wán ne.  ―  I have not finished talking.
  3. to run out; to use up
    信紙用完了／信纸用完了  ―  xìnzhǐ yòng wán le  ―  We are out of writing paper.
  4. to complete; to finish
    完工  ―  wángōng  ―  to complete a project
    完稿  ―  wángǎo  ―  to finish a piece of writing
  5. (obsolete) firm; stable
  6. perfect; faultless; flawless
    完人  ―  wánrén  ―  perfect person
  7. to fail; to enter a dangerous or hopeless state; to be doomed; done for
  8. to pay; to pay back
    完稅／完税  ―  wánshuì  ―  to pay taxes
  9. (obsolete) abundant; sufficient; plentiful
  10. (literary) to preserve
  11. (literary) to build; to repair; to renovate
  12. (historical) an ancient light punishment
  13. a surname

Synonyms[edit]

  • (whole):
  • (used after a verb): 盡／尽 (jìn)
  • (Cantonese) (used after a verb): 嗮 (sài)
  • (Hakka) (used after a verb): 撇
  • (Hokkien) (used after a verb): 了

See also[edit]

  • (Used after a verb): 了 (le)
  • (Cantonese) (Used after a verb): 咗 (zo2)

Compounds[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • → Vietnamese: vẹn

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

完

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

Etymology[edit]

Kanji in this term
完
かん
Grade: 4
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 完 (MC hwan).

Pronunciation[edit]

Affix[edit]

完(かん) • (kan) ←くわん (kwan)?

  1. complete, perfect, infallible, faultless
  2. to complete, to finish

Noun[edit]

完(かん) • (kan) ←くわん (kwan)?

  1. the end; finis (used at the end of a novel, movie, etc.)

Suffix[edit]

完(かん) • (-kan) ←くわん (kwan)?

  1. completion; conclusion; end
  2. fully provided

References[edit]

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Chinese 完 (MC hwan).

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

完 (eumhun 완전할 완 (wanjeonhal wan))

  1. Hanja form? of 완 (“complete; whole”).

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

References[edit]

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

完: Hán Nôm readings: hoàn

  1. complete (used only as part of a compound)

Compounds[edit]

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