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階

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 阶
階 U+968E, 階
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-968E
← 隍
[U+968D] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 随 →
[U+968F]

Translingual

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Han character

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階 (Kangxi radical 170, 阜+9, 12 strokes, Cangjie input 弓中心心日 (NLPPA), four-corner 71261, composition ⿰阝皆)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1357, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41755
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1861, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4143, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+968E

Chinese

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trad. 階
simp. 阶
alternative forms 堦／阶
瑎

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 階
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (皆) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
皆 *kriːl
偕 *kriːl
階 *kriːl
喈 *kriːl
稭 *kriːl, *kriːd
堦 *kriːl
楷 *kriːl, *kʰriːlʔ
鶛 *kriːl
湝 *kriːl, *ɡriːl
蝔 *kriːl, *ɡriːl
鍇 *kriːl, *kʰriːlʔ
揩 *kʰriːl
諧 *ɡriːl
瑎 *ɡriːl
龤 *ɡriːl

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kriːl): semantic 阝 + phonetic 皆 (OC *kriːl).

Pronunciation

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Note: koe/ke - limited, in 砛階, 牆階.
Note: goi1 - limited, in 簷階石.
Note:
  • Shanghai:
    • 1ka - vernacular.
    Rime
    Character 階
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 見 (28)
    Final (韻) 皆 (33)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) II
    Fanqie 古諧切
    Baxter keaj
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/kˠɛi/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/kᵚæi/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/kɐi/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/kəɨj/
    Li
    Rong         		/kɛi/
    Wang
    Li         		/kɐi/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren         		/kăi/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		jiē
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		gaai1
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 階
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		jiē
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ kɛj ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*kˁrij/
    English steps, stairs

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 階
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 6417
    Phonetic
    component         		皆
    Rime
    group         		脂
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		皆
    Old
    Chinese         		/*kriːl/

    Definitions

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    階

    1. stair; step
      階梯／阶梯  ―  jiētī  ―  staircase
    2. (figurative) rank; degree; level; seniority; order of precedence
      官階／官阶  ―  guānjiē  ―  rank of an official
      進階中文課／进阶中文课  ―  jìnjiē zhōngwén kè  ―  advanced(-level) course in Chinese
    3. (figurative) phase; stage (serially-ordered division of time, level of completion, etc.)
      階段／阶段  ―  jiēduàn  ―  stage
    4. (music) scale
      五聲音階／五声音阶  ―  wǔshēngyīnjiē  ―  pentatonic scale
    5. (mathematics) order; degree (quantity signifying various concepts in mathematics, chiefly integer-valued)
      二階微分方程／二阶微分方程  ―  èrjiē wēifēnfāngchéng  ―  second-order differential equation
      1. (graph theory) the number of vertices in a graph
    6. a surname

    Compounds

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    Descendants

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    Sino-Xenic (階):
    • → Japanese: 階(かい) (kai)

    References

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    Japanese

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    Kanji

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    階

    (Third grade kyōiku kanji)

    1. storey, story, floor​

    Readings

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    • Go-on: け (ke)
    • Kan-on: かい (kai, Jōyō)
    • Kun: きざはし (kizahashi, 階)、はしご (hashigo, 階)、しな (shina, 階)

    Etymology 1

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    Kanji in this term
    階
    かい
    Grade: 3
    on'yomi

    From Middle Chinese 階 (MC keaj).

    Pronunciation

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    Affix

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    階(かい) • (kai) 

    1. step, stair, storey
    2. class, rank, level

    Counter

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    階(かい) • (-kai) 

    1. floors, storeys (of a building)
      （私(わたし)の）オフィスは五(ご)階(かい)にあります。
      (Watashi no) ofisu wa go-kai ni arimasu.
      (My) office is on the fifth floor.
    See also
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    v • d • e
    Japanese counter/suffix: 階 (かい, kai, "storey; floor of a building")
    NumberKanjiKanaRomaji
    1一階いっかいikkai
    2二階にかいnikai
    3三階さんがい、さんかいsangai, sankai
    4四階よんかいyonkai
    5五階ごかいgokai
    6六階ろっかいrokkai
    7七階ななかい、しちかいnanakai, shichikai
    8八階はっかい、はちかいhakkai, hachikai
    9九階きゅうかいkyūkai
    10十階じっかい、じゅっかいjikkai, jukkai
    11十一階じゅういっかいjūikkai
    12十二階じゅうにかいjūnikai
    13十三階じゅうさんがい、じゅうさんかいjūsangai, jūsankai
    20二十階にじっかい、にじゅっかいnijikkai, nijukkai
    21二十一階にじゅういっかいnijūikkai
    100百階ひゃっかいhyakkai
    1,000千階せんかいsenkai
    10,000一万階いちまんかいichimankai
    100,000,000一億階いちおくかいichiokukai
    0０階、零階ゼロかい、れいかいzerokai, reikai
    ?何階なんかい、なんがいnankai, nangai

    Etymology 2

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    Kanji in this term
    階
    はし
    Grade: 3
    kun'yomi
    Alternative spelling
    梯

    Cognate with 橋(はし) (hashi, “bridge”); see there for more.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    階(はし) • (hashi) 

    1. stairs from a garden up to the house
    2. stair, ladder

    References

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    Korean

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    Hanja

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    階 (eumhun 섬돌 계 (seomdol gye))

    1. hanja form? of 계 (“steps, stairs”)
    2. hanja form? of 계 (“rank, degree”)

    Vietnamese

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    Han character

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    階: Hán Nôm readings: giai

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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