違

See also: 违

違	U+9055, 違 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9055

← 達
[U+9054]

CJK Unified Ideographs

遖 →
[U+9056]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

違 (radical 162, 辵+9, 13 strokes in traditional Chinese and Japanese, 12 strokes in mainland China, cangjie input 卜木一手 (YDMQ), four-corner 3430₄, composition ⿰辶韋)

References[edit]

KangXi: page 1262, character 11
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39067
Dae Jaweon: page 1756, character 3
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3868, character 4
Unihan data for U+9055

Chinese[edit]

trad.		違
simp.		违

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (韋) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
禕	*qral
郼	*qʷɯl
褘	*qʰʷɯl
諱	*qʰʷɯls
媁	qʷɯl, ɢʷɯlʔ
幃	*ɢʷɯl
違	*ɢʷɯl
圍	ɢʷɯl, ɢʷɯls
韋	*ɢʷɯl
闈	*ɢʷɯl
湋	*ɢʷɯl
鍏	ɢʷɯl, ɢʷɯlʔ
潿	*ɢɯl
韙	*ɢʷɯlʔ
煒	*ɢʷɯlʔ
暐	*ɢʷɯlʔ
偉	*ɢʷɯlʔ
瑋	*ɢʷɯlʔ
葦	*ɢʷɯlʔ
椲	*ɢʷɯlʔ
韡	*ɢʷɯlʔ
愇	*ɢʷɯlʔ
緯	*ɢʷɯls

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɢʷɯl): semantic 辶 + phonetic 韋 (OC *ɢʷɯl).

Pronunciation[edit]

Mandarin
(Pinyin): wéi (wei²)

(Zhuyin): ㄨㄟˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wai⁴
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): ûi

(Teochew, Peng'im): ui⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: wéi
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˊ
  - Wade–Giles: wei²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wei
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wéi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /weɪ̯³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: wai⁴
  - Yale: wàih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wai⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: wei⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɐi̯²¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ûi
  - Tâi-lô: uî
  - Phofsit Daibuun: uii
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ui²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ui²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ui¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ui²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ui²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ui⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ûi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ui⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: /ɦʉi/

Rime
Character	違
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	云 (35)
Final (韻)	微 (21)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	雨非切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦʉi/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷɨi/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣiuəi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦuj/
Li Rong	/ɣiuəi/
Wang Li	/ɣĭwəi/
Bernard Karlgren	/we̯i/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wéi

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷə[j]/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷɯl/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	違
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wéi
Middle Chinese	‹ hjwɨj ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷə[j]/
English	go against
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	違
Reading #	1/1
No.	12815
Phonetic component	韋
Rime group	微
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	幃
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷɯl/

Definitions[edit]

違

to disobey, to violate
違規 / 违规 ― wéiguī ― to violate regulations
- 孝子之養老也，樂其心不違其志。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  孝子之养老也，乐其心不违其志。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Book of Rites, circa 4^th – 2^nd century BCE
  Xiàozǐ zhī yǎnglǎo yě, lè qí xīn bù wéi qí zhì. [Pinyin]
  A filial son, in nourishing his aged, (seeks to) make their hearts glad, and not to go against their wishes.
(literary) to leave; to depart; to go away from
- 何斯違斯，莫敢遑息？ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  何斯违斯，莫敢遑息？ [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, circa 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Hé sī wéi sī, mò gǎn huáng xī? [Pinyin]
  How was it he went away from this, not daring to take a little rest?
(literary) to be separated by (a distance of); to be apart by
(literary) to dodge; to avoid

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 違

違時絕俗／违时绝俗
違法／违法 (wéifǎ)
違法亂紀／违法乱纪 (wéifǎluànjì)
違犯／违犯 (wéifàn)
違礙／违碍 (wéi'ài)
違禁／违禁 (wéijìn)
違禁品／违禁品 (wéijìnpǐn)
違章建築／违章建筑
違紀／违纪 (wéijì)
違紀參選／违纪参选
違約／违约 (wéiyuē)
違約交割／违约交割
違約金／违约金 (wéiyuējīn)
違背／违背 (wéibèi)
違規／违规 (wéiguī)
違言／违言
違誤／违误 (wéiwù)
違警／违警
違警罰法／违警罚法
違越／违越
違逆／违逆 (wéinì)
陽奉陰違／阳奉阴违 (yángfèngyīnwéi)
陽順陰違／阳顺阴违
隱不違親／隐不违亲

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

違

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

to differ, to vary
to be incorrect, to make a mistake
to run counter to, to go against, to defy

Readings[edit]

Go-on: い (i, Jōyō)^{←ゐ (wi, historical)}
Kan-on: い (i, Jōyō)^{←ゐ (wi, historical)}
Kun: ちがう (chigau, 違う, Jōyō); ちがえる (chigaeru, 違える, Jōyō); たがう (tagau, 違う); よこしま (yokoshima, 違)

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

Etymology[edit]

Kanji in this term
違
い Grade: S
on’yomi

/wi/ → /i/

From Middle Chinese 違 (MC ɦʉi).

Pronunciation[edit]

On’yomi

IPA^(key): [i]

Affix[edit]

違(い) • (i) ^{←ゐ (wi)^?}

differ; vary
go against; run counter to; disobey

Derived terms[edit]

Derived terms

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

違 • (wi) (hangeul 위, revised wi, McCune–Reischauer wi, Yale wi)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

違: Hán Nôm readings: vi

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

違

Contents

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

References[edit]

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Affix[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

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