finis
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
English[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle English finis, from Latin fīnis (“end; limit”). Doublet of fine.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
finis
- The end (of a book or other work).
- 1836, — Frederick Marryat, Mr Midshipman Easy
- He had gone through the work from the title-page to the finis at least forty times, and had just commenced it over again.
- 1922 February, James Joyce, Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], OCLC 560090630:, Episode 16
- Highly providential was the appearance on the scene of Corny Kelleher when Stephen was blissfully unconscious but for that man in the gap turning up at the eleventh hour the finis might have been that he might have been a candidate for the accident ward […]
- 1836, — Frederick Marryat, Mr Midshipman Easy
Esperanto[edit]
Verb[edit]
finis
- past of fini
French[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
finis
Verb[edit]
finis
- inflection of finir:
Participle[edit]
finis m pl
- masculine plural of the past participle of finir
Ido[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
finis
- past of finar
Latin[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Disputed.[1] Possibly for *fignis, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeygʷ- (“to stick, set up”), whence figō,[2] or for *fidnis, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd- (“to split”), whence findō.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
fīnis m (genitive fīnis); third declension
- end
- Antonyms: initium, prīmōrdium, prīncipium, exōrdium, orīgō, limen
- in finem ― eternally
- ad finem ― to the end
- finem facio ― I cease
- limit, border, bound boundary, frontier
- (in the plural) boundaries, bounds; by extension, territory, region, lands
- limit in duration, term (duration of a set length)
- 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita libri 26.1:
- huic generī mīlitum senātus eundem, quem Cannēnsibus, fīnem statuērat mīlitiae.
- For this class of soldier the senate had established a limit in duration to their military service, which was the same as the men at Cannae.
- huic generī mīlitum senātus eundem, quem Cannēnsibus, fīnem statuērat mīlitiae.
- end, purpose, aim, object, telos
- death, end (of life)
- amount (in late juridical writings)
Usage notes[edit]
According to Lewis & Short, fīnis does occasionally appear as a feminine noun in both the ante-classical and post-classical eras.
Declension[edit]
Third-declension noun (i-stem, ablative singular in -e or -ī).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | fīnis | fīnēs |
Genitive | fīnis | fīnium |
Dative | fīnī | fīnibus |
Accusative | fīnem | fīnēs fīnīs |
Ablative | fīne fīnī |
fīnibus |
Vocative | fīnis | fīnēs |
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- Asturian: fin
- Catalan: fi
- Corsican: fine
- Dalmatian: fain
- Esperanto: fino
- French: fin
- Friulian: fin
- Galician: fin
- Istriot: feîn
- Italian: fine
- Ladin: fin
- Leonese: fin
- Occitan: fin
- Portuguese: fim
- Romanian: fine
- Romansch: fin, fegn
- Sardinian: fine, fini
- Sicilian: fini
- Spanish: fin
- Venetian: fin
- Walloon: fén
- → Proto-Brythonic: *fin (see there for further descendants)
- → Middle Irish: fín (see there for further descendants)
Verb[edit]
fīnīs
References[edit]
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
- ^ Tucker, T.G., Etymological Dictionary of Latin, Ares Publishers, 1976 (reprint of 1931 edition)
Further reading[edit]
- “finis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “finis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- finis in Dizionario Latino, Olivetti
- finis in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- finis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to enlarge the boundaries of a kingdom: fines (imperii) propagare, extendere, (longius) proferre
- to evacuate territory: (ex) finibus excedere
- to put an end to one's life: vitae finem facere
- such was the end of... (used of a violent death): talem vitae exitum (not finem) habuit (Nep. Eum. 13)
- to finish, complete, fulfil, accomplish a thing: finem facere alicuius rei
- to finish, complete, fulfil, accomplish a thing: finem imponere, afferre, constituere alicui rei
- to finish, complete, fulfil, accomplish a thing: ad finem aliquid adducere
- to come to an end: finem habere
- to cease speaking: finem dicendi facere
- to impose fixed limitations: fines certos terminosque constituere
- to put an end to war: belli finem facere, bellum finire
- to enlarge the boundaries of a kingdom: fines (imperii) propagare, extendere, (longius) proferre
Pijin[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Particle[edit]
finis
- Tense marker for the past perfect tense
Categories:
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms derived from Latin
- English doublets
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/ɪnɪs
- Rhymes:English/ɪnɪs/2 syllables
- Rhymes:English/iː
- Rhymes:English/iː/2 syllables
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms with quotations
- Esperanto non-lemma forms
- Esperanto verb forms
- French 2-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio links
- French terms with homophones
- Rhymes:French/i
- Rhymes:French/i/2 syllables
- French non-lemma forms
- French adjective forms
- French verb forms
- French past participle forms
- Ido terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ido non-lemma forms
- Ido verb forms
- Latin terms with unknown etymologies
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin terms with Ecclesiastical IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin nouns
- Latin masculine nouns
- Latin third declension nouns
- Latin masculine nouns in the third declension
- Latin terms with usage examples
- Latin terms with quotations
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin verb forms
- Latin words in Meissner and Auden's phrasebook
- Pijin terms inherited from English
- Pijin terms derived from English
- Pijin lemmas
- Pijin particles