consilium

Latin

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *ḱe?

Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm

Proto-Italic *kom

Proto-Italic *kom-

Latin con-

Proto-Indo-European *selh₁-der.

Latin *sulo

Latin cōnsulō

Proto-Indo-European *-(i)yós

Proto-Italic *-ijos

Proto-Italic *-ios

Old Latin -ios

Latin -iusnom.

Latin -ium

Latin cōnsilium

From cōnsulō + -ium. Compare cōnsidium.

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [kõːˈsɪ.li.ũː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [konˈsiː.li.um]

Noun

cōnsilium n (genitive cōnsiliī or cōnsilī); second declension

plan, intention, design, purpose
Synonyms: voluntās, intentiō, propositum, fīnis, animus, mēns

capere consilium/ inire consilium ― to take a resolution, to determine to perform a plan
- c. 50 BCE, Publilius Syrus, Sententiae:
  Malum est cōnsilium, quod mūtārī nōn potest.
  Bad is the plan, which can not be changed.
- c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de bello Gallico VII.26:
  Cōnsilium cēperunt ex oppidō profugere
  Adopted a design to flee from the town
counsel, advice
- c. 347 CE – 420 CE, Hieronymus, Vulgate Proverbs.8.12:
  ego sapientia habitō in cōnsiliō et ērudītīs intersum cōgitātiōnibus
  I, wisdom, dwell in counsel, and am present in learned thoughts. (Douay-Rheims trans., Challoner rev.; 1752 CE)
determination, resolve, resolution
council, advisory body
judgment, wisdom
measure (i.e., course of action)
device, stratagem (esp. in battle)

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

	singular	plural
nominative	cōnsilium	cōnsilia
genitive	cōnsiliī cōnsilī¹	cōnsiliōrum
dative	cōnsiliō	cōnsiliīs
accusative	cōnsilium	cōnsilia
ablative	cōnsiliō	cōnsiliīs
vocative	cōnsilium	cōnsilia

¹Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

Related terms

Descendants

→ Albanian: këshill
Catalan: consell
Corsican: cunsigliu
Franco-Provençal: consèly
Old French: conseil (see there for further descendants)
Friulian: consei
Old Leonese: consello, conseyo, conseio, (Fuero de Avilés) conseillo
- Asturian: conseyu
- Mirandese: cunseilho
Old Galician-Portuguese: conselho
- Galician: consello
- Portuguese: conselho
  - → Tetum: konsellu
Italian: consiglio
Occitan: conselh
Piedmontese: consèj
→ Portuguese: consílio (learned)
→ Romanian: consiliu
→ Russian: конси́лиум (konsílium)
Sardinian: consígiu
Sicilian: cunzigghiu
Old Spanish: consejo
- Ladino: קונסיזﬞו (konsejo), consejo
- Spanish: consejo
  - Chavacano: consejo
  - → Cebuano: konseho
  - → Tagalog: konseho
→ Spanish: consilio (learned)
Venetan: conséjo

References

“consilium”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“consilium”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
"consilium", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
“consilium”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to form a plan, make a resolution: consilium capere, inire (de aliqua re, with Gen. gerund., with Inf., more rarely ut)
- to give up a project, an intention: consilio desistere
- to let a plan fall through: consilium abicere or deponere
- to be deterred from one's intention by something: a consilio deterreri aliqua re
- to adopt half-measures: mediocribus consiliis uti
- to alter one's views, intentions: consilium, sententiam mutare
- to go one's own way, proceed independently: suo consilio uti
- (1) to communicate one's plans to some one; (2) to make common cause with a person. Similarly c. causam, rationem: consilia cum aliquo communicare
- to take common counsel: consilia inter se communicare
- to consult a person, take his advice: aliquem in or ad consilium adhibere
- to deliberate together (of a number of people): consilium habere (de aliqua re)
- to be present at secret consultations: consiliis arcanis interesse (Liv. 35. 18)
- to give a person advice: consilium dare alicui
- to give a person the advantage of one's advice (and actual support): aliquem consilio (et re) iuvare
- I put myself at your disposal as regards advice: consilii mei copiam facio tibi
- to apply to a person for advice: consilium petere ab aliquo
- to be perplexed: consilii inopem esse
- advice is useless in this case; the situation is very embarrassing: omnia consilia frigent (Verr. 2. 25)
- without reflection; inconsiderately; rashly: nullo consilio, nulla ratione, temere
- I am undecided..: incertus sum, quid consilii capiam
- to abide by one's resolution: propositum, consilium tenere (opp. a proposito deterreri)
- to persevere in one's resolve: in proposito susceptoque consilio permanere
- to have recourse to extreme measures: descendere ad extrema consilia (Fam. 10. 33. 4)
- my intention is..: consilium est c. Inf. or ut
- with the intention of..: eo consilio, ea mente, ut
- to make virtue the standard in every thought and act: omnia consilia et facta ad virtutem referre (Phil. 10. 10. 20)
- to act reasonably, judiciously: prudenter, considerate, consilio agere (opp. temere, nullo consilio, nulla ratione)
- thought and deed: consilia et facta (cf. sect. X. 1, note For 'thoughts and deeds'...)
- statesmen: auctores consilii publici
- a man's policy is aiming at, directed towards..: alicuius in re publica or capessendae rei publicae consilia eo spectant, ut...
- a political ally: consiliorum in re publica socius
- the council of the nation; the senate: publicum consilium (Phil. 7.7. 19)
- to hold a council of war: consilium habere, convocare
- to refer a matter to a council of war: rem ad consilium deferre
“consilium”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
“consilium”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Dizionario Latino, Olivetti