克服
Chinese
[edit]gram; subdue; to restrain gram; subdue; to restrain; to overcome |
clothes; dress; garment clothes; dress; garment; submit; take (medicine) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (克服) |
克 | 服 | |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): hak1 fuk6
- Hakka
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): keh6 horh7
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin: kèfú
- Zhuyin: ㄎㄜˋ ㄈㄨˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: kèfú
- Wade–Giles: kʻo4-fu2
- Yale: kè-fú
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kehfwu
- Palladius: кэфу (kɛfu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰɤ⁵¹ fu³⁵/
- Homophones:
克服
客服
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: hak1 fuk6
- Yale: hāk fuhk
- Cantonese Pinyin: hak7 fuk9
- Guangdong Romanization: heg1 fug6
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɐk̚⁵ fʊk̚²/
- Homophones:
克復 / 克复
克服
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiet-fu̍k
- Hakka Romanization System: kiedˋ fug
- Hagfa Pinyim: kiad5 fug6
- Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯et̚² fuk̚⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiat-fu̍k
- Hakka Romanization System: kiadˋ fug
- Hagfa Pinyim: kiad5 fug6
- Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯at̚² fuk̚⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: kied fugˋ
- Sinological IPA: /kʰiet⁵⁻² fuk²/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: keh6 horh7 [Phonetic: keh7 horh7]
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: keh-ho̤̍h
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰɛʔ²¹⁻⁴⁵ hɒʔ⁴/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: keh6 horh7 [Phonetic: keh7 horh7]
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰɛʔ²⁻⁴ hɒʔ⁴/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khiak-ho̍k
- Tâi-lô: khiak-ho̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: qiakhok
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ hɔk̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khat-ho̍k
- Tâi-lô: khat-ho̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: qathok
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰat̚⁵⁻²⁴ hɔk̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khek-ho̍k
- Tâi-lô: khik-ho̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: qekhok
- Sinological IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ hɔk̚⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ hɔk̚¹²¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: kiog4 hog8
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khiok ho̍k
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰiok̚²⁻⁴ hok̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
Verb
[edit]克服
- to overcome; to conquer; to surmount
- 希望你們好好研究討論，並且每過一個時期就要總結經驗，發揚成績，克服缺點。 [MSC, trad.]
- From: 1956, 毛澤東 (Mao Zedong), 《論十大關係》 (On the Ten Major Relationships), 《毛澤東選集》. English translation based on the Foreign Languages Press edition
- Xīwàng nǐmen hǎohǎo yánjiū tǎolùn, bìngqiě měi guò yīge shíqī jiùyào zǒngjié jīngyàn, fāyáng chéngjì, kèfú quēdiǎn. [Pinyin]
- We hope that you will consider and discuss it in earnest and sum up your experience from time to time so as to enhance achievements and overcome shortcomings.
希望你们好好研究讨论，并且每过一个时期就要总结经验，发扬成绩，克服缺点。 [MSC, simp.]
- to put up with
Synonyms
[edit]- (to overcome):
- (to put up with):
Japanese
[edit]| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 克 | 服 |
| こく Grade: S |
ふく Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Verb
[edit]克服する • (kokufuku suru) transitive suru (stem 克服し (kokufuku shi), past 克服した (kokufuku shita))
Conjugation
[edit]| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 克服し | こくふくし | kokufuku shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 克服し | こくふくし | kokufuku shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 克服する | こくふくする | kokufuku suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 克服する | こくふくする | kokufuku suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 克服すれ | こくふくすれ | kokufuku sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 克服せよ¹ 克服しろ² |
こくふくせよ¹ こくふくしろ² |
kokufuku seyo¹ kokufuku shiro² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 克服される | こくふくされる | kokufuku sareru |
| Causative | 克服させる 克服さす |
こくふくさせる こくふくさす |
kokufuku saseru kokufuku sasu |
| Potential | 克服できる | こくふくできる | kokufuku dekiru |
| Volitional | 克服しよう | こくふくしよう | kokufuku shiyō |
| Negative | 克服しない | こくふくしない | kokufuku shinai |
| Negative continuative | 克服せず | こくふくせず | kokufuku sezu |
| Formal | 克服します | こくふくします | kokufuku shimasu |
| Perfective | 克服した | こくふくした | kokufuku shita |
| Conjunctive | 克服して | こくふくして | kokufuku shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 克服すれば | こくふくすれば | kokufuku sureba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
References
[edit]- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- “克服”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Korean
[edit]| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 克 | 服 |
Noun
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
|---|---|
| 克 | 服 |
Verb
[edit]克服
Categories:
- Mandarin terms with audio pronunciation
- Cantonese terms with audio pronunciation
- Mandarin terms with homophones
- Cantonese terms with homophones
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Puxian Min lemmas
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Hakka verbs
- Hokkien verbs
- Teochew verbs
- Puxian Min verbs
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 克
- Chinese terms spelled with 服
- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- Mandarin terms with quotations
- Elementary Mandarin
- Japanese terms spelled with 克 read as こく
- Japanese terms spelled with 服 read as ふく
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese terms with Heiban pitch accent (Tōkyō)
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation with pitch accent
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese transitive verbs
- Japanese suru verbs
- Korean lemmas
- Korean nouns
- Korean nouns in Han script
- Korean hanja forms
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese verbs
- Vietnamese verbs in Han script
- Vietnamese Chữ Hán