才
|
Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
---|---|---|---|
Han character
[edit]Traditional | 才 |
---|---|
Simplified | 才 |
Japanese | 才 |
Korean | 才 |
才 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+0, 3 strokes, cangjie input 木竹 (DH), four-corner 40200, composition ⿹𬺰丿(GHTV) or ⿻𬺰丿(JK))
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 416, character 30
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11769
- Dae Jaweon: page 763, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1824, character 2
- Unihan data for U+624D
Chinese
[edit]Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 才 | |||
---|---|---|---|
Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Pictogram (象形) — a sharp peg. Same as 弋 and 尗. See also the top component of 𢦏.
Xu Shen erroneously analyzed this character as a sprout growing from the ground.
Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tsa ~ za (“child, offspring, relatives; to come forth (as child at birth); to love; loving”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007). "Birth" and "natural characteristic / endowments" are semantically connected, compare 生 (OC *sʰleːŋ, *sreŋs, “live, give birth”) and its derivative 性 (OC *sleŋs, “nature; character; personality; quality”) & 姓 (OC *sleŋs, “family name”). Cognate with 子 ("son").
Derivatives: 材 (OC *zlɯː, “material; timber”), 財 (OC *zlɯː, “riches; property; money”), and 存 ("to exist").
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhòi
- Eastern Min (BUC): cài / chài / còi
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 6ze / 2ze
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄘㄞˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cái
- Wade–Giles: tsʻai2
- Yale: tsái
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsair
- Palladius: цай (caj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰaɪ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: coi4
- Yale: chòih
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsoi4
- Guangdong Romanization: coi4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɔːi̯²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: toi3
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰᵘɔi²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhòi
- Hakka Romanization System: coiˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: coi2
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰoi̯¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: cài / chài / còi
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sai⁵³/, /t͡sʰai⁵³/, /t͡søy⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- châi - vernacular;
- chhâi - literary (classifier).
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: cai5 / zai5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshâi / tsâi
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰai⁵⁵/, /t͡sai⁵⁵/
- Middle Chinese: dzoj
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[dz]ˤə/
- (Zhengzhang): /*zlɯː/
Definitions
[edit]才
- ability; gift; talent; capability
- alt. forms: 材 (cái)
- talented person; talent
- one with a certain status or background
- Alternative form of 材 (cái, “material”)
- (Southern Min) Alternative form of 材 (“classifier for volume (of wood) and area (of paper, glass, stone, curtain, etc.)”)
- a surname
Compounds
[edit]- 一展長才/一展长才
- 一表人才 (yībiǎoréncái)
- 七步之才
- 七步奇才
- 下才
- 三才 (sāncái)
- 三才圖會/三才图会
- 不成才
- 不才 (bùcái)
- 不良才
- 中才
- 乾奴才/干奴才
- 人才 (réncái)
- 人才出眾/人才出众
- 人才外流 (réncái wàiliú)
- 人才庫/人才库 (réncáikù)
- 人才濟濟/人才济济 (réncáijǐjǐ)
- 人才輩出/人才辈出 (réncáibèichū)
- 人才難得/人才难得
- 人盡其才/人尽其才
- 仙才
- 作育英才
- 佳人才子
- 偏才
- 傲世輕才/傲世轻才
- 內才/内才
- 全才 (quáncái)
- 八斗之才
- 八斗才 (bādǒucái)
- 公才公望
- 六才子書/六才子书
- 冠世之才
- 凡才
- 出倫之才/出伦之才
- 力薄才疏
- 匡濟之才/匡济之才
- 博學多才/博学多才 (bóxuéduōcái)
- 取才 (qǔcái)
- 口才 (kǒucái)
- 口才辨給/口才辨给
- 可憎才
- 吃敲才
- 命世之才 (mìngshì zhī cái)
- 命世才
- 善才
- 喬才/乔才
- 善才童子
- 四才子
- 外才
- 多事逞才
- 多才 (duōcái)
- 多才多藝/多才多艺 (duōcáiduōyì)
- 大才 (dàcái)
- 大才槃槃
- 天才 (tiāncái)
- 天才兒童/天才儿童
- 天才教育
- 天才橫溢/天才横溢
- 天縱之才/天纵之才
- 奇才 (qícái)
- 奇才異能/奇才异能
- 女秀才
- 女貌郎才
- 奴才 (núcái)
- 妙才
- 學優才贍/学优才赡
- 學淺才疏/学浅才疏
- 學疏才淺/学疏才浅
- 專才/专才 (zhuāncái)
- 將才/将才 (jiāngcái)
- 專業人才/专业人才 (zhuānyè réncái)
- 將遇良才/将遇良才
- 少年才俊
- 尺二秀才
- 屈才 (qūcái)
- 展才
- 幹才/干才
- 庸才 (yōngcái)
- 廩膳秀才/廪膳秀才
- 徵才/征才 (zhēngcái)
- 德才兼備/德才兼备 (décáijiānbèi)
- 德薄才疏
- 志大才疏 (zhìdàcáishū)
- 志大才短
- 志廣才疏/志广才疏
- 忌才 (jìcái)
- 恃才傲物
- 恃才矜己
- 恃才自專/恃才自专
- 意廣才疏/意广才疏
- 愛才/爱才 (àicái)
- 愛才如命/爱才如命 (àicáirúmìng)
- 愛才好士/爱才好士
- 愛才若渴/爱才若渴
- 憐才/怜才
- 懷才不遇/怀才不遇 (huái cái bù yù)
- 懷才抱德/怀才抱德
- 才人 (cáirén)
- 才俊 (cáijùn)
- 才儲八斗
- 才具 (cáijù)
- 才兼文武
- 才分 (cáifèn)
- 才力 (cáilì)
- 才勇兼優/才勇兼优
- 才名 (cáimíng)
- 才器 (cáiqì)
- 才士
- 才大難用/才大难用
- 才女 (cáinǚ)
- 才如史遷/才如史迁
- 才始
- 才媛
- 才子 (cáizǐ)
- 才子佳人 (cáizǐ jiārén)
- 才子書/才子书
- 才學/才学 (cáixué)
- 才學兼優/才学兼优
- 才守
- 才幹/才干 (cáigàn)
- 才廣妨身/才广妨身
- 才微智淺/才微智浅
- 才德兼備/才德兼备 (cáidéjiānbèi)
- 才怪 (cáiguài)
- 才思 (cáisī)
- 才思敏捷 (cáisīmǐnjié)
- 才悟
- 才情 (châi-chêng) (Min Nan)
- 才料
- 才智 (cáizhì)
- 才望 (cáiwàng)
- 才氣/才气 (cáiqì)
- 才氣無雙/才气无双
- 才為世出/才为世出
- 才略 (cáilüè)
- 才當曹斗
- 才疏學淺/才疏学浅 (cáishūxuéqiǎn)
- 才疏德薄
- 才疏志大
- 才疏意廣/才疏意广
- 才疏計拙/才疏计拙
- 才短氣粗/才短气粗
- 才秀人微
- 才筆/才笔 (cáibǐ)
- 才緒/才绪
- 才能 (cáinéng)
- 才能幹濟/才能干济
- 才色 (cáisè)
- 才華/才华 (cáihuá)
- 才蔽識淺/才蔽识浅
- 才藝/才艺 (cáiyì)
- 才藝班/才艺班
- 才藻
- 才語/才语
- 才調/才调 (cáidiào)
- 才識/才识 (cáishí)
- 才貌 (cáimào)
- 才貌雙全/才貌双全
- 才貫二酉/才贯二酉
- 才賦/才赋 (cáifù)
- 才路
- 才輕德薄/才轻德薄
- 才過子建/才过子建
- 才過屈宋/才过屈宋
- 才難/才难
- 才非玉潤/才非玉润
- 才高八斗 (cáigāobādǒu)
- 才高意廣/才高意广
- 才高氣傲/才高气傲
- 才高行厚
- 才高行潔/才高行洁
- 捷才
- 掃眉才子/扫眉才子
- 揚己露才/扬己露才
- 撥亂之才/拨乱之才
- 文才 (wéncái)
- 文武全才
- 斗筲之才
- 曠世奇才/旷世奇才
- 曠世逸才/旷世逸才 (kuàngshìyìcái)
- 有才 (yǒucái)
- 有才無命/有才无命
- 未易才
- 朽木之才
- 槃才
- 槃槃大才
- 歪才
- 歷練之才/历练之才
- 殺才/杀才
- 求才
- 求才若渴
- 江淹才盡/江淹才尽
- 江郎才盡/江郎才尽 (jiānglángcáijìn)
- 沿才授職/沿才授职
- 洛陽才子/洛阳才子
- 滿腹才學/满腹才学
- 潑才/泼才
- 濟世之才/济世之才
- 片善小才
- 特殊才能
- 狗才
- 王佐之才
- 玉尺量才
- 瑣才/琐才
- 甄才品能
- 畎畝下才/畎亩下才
- 異才/异才 (yìcái)
- 當世才度/当世才度
- 痛失英才
- 白鶴秀才/白鹤秀才
- 百里之才
- 真才實學/真才实学 (zhēncáishíxué)
- 矜才使氣/矜才使气
- 矜能負才/矜能负才
- 碌碌庸才
- 秀才 (xiùcái)
- 秀才人情
- 秀才造反
- 絕才/绝才 (juécái)
- 經世之才/经世之才
- 經國之才/经国之才
- 經濟之才/经济之才
- 美才
- 聰明才智/聪明才智 (cōngmíngcáizhì)
- 育才 (yùcái)
- 茂才 (màocái)
- 英才 (yīngcái)
- 英才俊偉/英才俊伟
- 茂才異等/茂才异等
- 菲才寡學/菲才寡学
- 蓋世之才/盖世之才
- 蓋世雄才/盖世雄才
- 行短才喬/行短才乔
- 行短才高
- 詠雪之才/咏雪之才
- 誇才賣智/夸才卖智
- 謏才/𫍲才
- 謊敲才/谎敲才
- 識多才廣/识多才广
- 識才尊賢/识才尊贤
- 負才/负才
- 負才任氣/负才任气
- 負才使氣/负才使气
- 賤才/贱才
- 賢才/贤才 (xiáncái)
- 赤才 (Chìcái)
- 超世之才
- 趫才/𰷶才
- 軟人才/软人才
- 輇才/辁才
- 辯才/辩才 (biàncái)
- 辯才無礙/辩才无碍 (biàncáiwú'ài)
- 通人達才/通人达才
- 通才 (tōngcái)
- 通才教育
- 通才練識/通才练识
- 逸才 (yìcái)
- 逸群之才
- 過人才略/过人才略
- 適才/适才 (shìcái)
- 遺才/遗才
- 郎才女姿
- 郎才女貌
- 野無遺才/野无遗才
- 量才錄用/量才录用
- 長才/长才 (chángcái)
- 隨才器使/随才器使
- 雄才大略 (xióngcáidàlüè)
- 需才孔亟
- 露才揚己/露才扬己
- 霸才
- 非才
- 風流才子/风流才子
- 飽學秀才/饱学秀才
- 驚才絕豔/惊才绝艳
- 高才 (gāocái)
- 高才卓識/高才卓识
- 高才博學/高才博学
- 高才大學/高才大学
- 高才大德
- 高才捷足
- 高才生
- 高才碩學/高才硕学
- 高才絕學/高才绝学
- 高才遠識/高才远识
- 鬼才 (guǐcái)
Etymology 2
[edit]trad. | 才/纔* | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 才 | |
alternative forms | 裁 |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): coi4
- Gan (Wiktionary): cai2
- Eastern Min (BUC): chăi / chài
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 6ze / 2ze
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄘㄞˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cái
- Wade–Giles: tsʻai2
- Yale: tsái
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsair
- Palladius: цай (caj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰaɪ̯³⁵/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: цэ (ce, I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɛ²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: coi4
- Yale: chòih
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsoi4
- Guangdong Romanization: coi4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɔːi̯²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: cai2
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰai²⁴/
- (Nanchang)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: chăi / chài
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰai⁵⁵/, /t͡sʰai⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- chăi - vernacular;
- chài - literary.
- Middle Chinese: dzoj, dzojH
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*zlɯː/, /*zlɯːs/
Definitions
[edit]才
- only; just; merely
- only a short while ago; just
- only after; only then; not ... until
- Used to emphasize that something is/is not.
Synonyms
[edit]Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 才2, 再, 方, 始, 方才 | |
Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 才2 |
Singapore | 才2 | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 先, 至, 先至 |
Hong Kong | 先, 至, 先至 | |
Hakka | Meixian | 正 |
Southern Min | Xiamen | 才3 |
Quanzhou | 才3 | |
Zhangzhou | 才3 | |
Singapore (Hokkien) | 才3 | |
Manila (Hokkien) | 才3 | |
Shantou | 正 | |
Singapore (Teochew) | 正 | |
Wu | Shanghai | 再, 才2 |
Suzhou | 再 | |
Xiang | Changsha | 才至 |
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]simp. and trad. |
才 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms | 乍 Eastern Min 則/则 即 者 隻/只 |
Possibly from 正 (“just”) (Taiwan MoE).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Eastern Min (BUC): ciáh
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chiah / chah
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ciáh
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡siɑʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chah
- Tâi-lô: tsah
- Phofsit Daibuun: zaq
- IPA (Philippines): /t͡saʔ⁵/
Definitions
[edit]才 (Min)
- only; merely
- just; just now; a moment ago
- 才看𡅏電影。 [Eastern Min, trad.]
- Ciáh káng lā̤ diêng-īng. / [t͡siɑʔ²⁴ kʰɑŋ²¹³ l̃ɛ³³ tieŋ²⁴²⁻⁵³ (Ø-)ŋiŋ³³] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]
- [I] just watched a movie.
才看𡅏电影。 [Eastern Min, simp.]
- only then; only after
- Used to emphasize that something is/is not.
Synonyms
[edit]- (just now):
- (only then):
Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 才2, 再, 方, 始, 方才 | |
Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 才2 |
Singapore | 才2 | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 先, 至, 先至 |
Hong Kong | 先, 至, 先至 | |
Hakka | Meixian | 正 |
Southern Min | Xiamen | 才3 |
Quanzhou | 才3 | |
Zhangzhou | 才3 | |
Singapore (Hokkien) | 才3 | |
Manila (Hokkien) | 才3 | |
Shantou | 正 | |
Singapore (Teochew) | 正 | |
Wu | Shanghai | 再, 才2 |
Suzhou | 再 | |
Xiang | Changsha | 才至 |
Compounds
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “Entry #215”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.
Etymology 4
[edit]For pronunciation and definitions of 才 – see 儕 (“(Wu) all; completely; each and every one out of a determinate quantity; always; under all circumstances”). (This character is a variant form of 儕). |
Etymology 5
[edit]For pronunciation and definitions of 才 – see 哉 (“begin, commence; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 哉). |
Etymology 6
[edit]For pronunciation and definitions of 才 – see 在 (“to exist; to be alive; to be at; to be in; to be located; etc.”). (This character is an ancient form of 在). |
References
[edit]- “才”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]- age
- years old
Readings
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 才覚 (saikaku)
- 才気 (saiki)
- 才能 (sainō)
- 漫才 (manzai): a style of double act stand-up comedy
- 天才 (tensai): genius
Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
才 |
さい Grade: 2 |
kan'on |
Noun
[edit]- ability, talent, aptitude
- alternative form of the volumetric unit 抄 (shō)
Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
才 |
さい Grade: 2 |
kan'on |
For pronunciation and definitions of 才 – see the following entry. | ||
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(This term, 才, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Korean
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