載

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See also: 载
載 U+8F09, 載
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8F09
← 輈
[U+8F08] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 輊 →
[U+8F0A]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

載 (radical 159, 車+6, 13 strokes, cangjie input 十戈十田十 (JIJWJ), four-corner 43550, composition ⿹𢦏車)

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 1243, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38309
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1719, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3526, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+8F09

Chinese[edit]

trad. 載
simp. 载
alternative forms 𡕀

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (𢦏) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
𢦏 *ʔslɯː
栽 *ʔslɯː, *zlɯːs
哉 *ʔslɯː
烖 *ʔslɯː
載 *ʔslɯːʔ, *ʔslɯːs, *zlɯːs
渽 *ʔsɯː
睵 *ʔsɯː, *sʰɯː
溨 *zɯː
裁 *zlɯː, *zlɯːs
酨 *l'ɯːs, *zlɯːs
蛓 *sʰles, *sʰɯs
胾 *ʔsrɯs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ʔslɯːʔ, *ʔslɯːs, *zlɯːs): semantic 車 (“chariot”) + phonetic 𢦏 (OC *ʔslɯː).

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Note: Colloquially often mispronounced zǎi in the Mainland - this is kept as standard in some words (e.g. 下載).
Rime
Character 載
Reading # 3/3
Initial (聲) 從 (15)
Final (韻) 咍 (41)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 昨代切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/d͡zʌiH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/d͡zəiH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/d͡zɒiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/d͡zəjH/
Li
Rong 		/d͡zᴀiH/
Wang
Li 		/d͡zɒiH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/d͡zʱɑ̆iH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zài
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 載
Reading # 2/4
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zài
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dzojH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[m-ts]ˁəʔ-s/
English load on a vehicle (v.t.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 載
Reading # 3/3
No. 16499
Phonetic
component 		𢦏
Rime
group 		之
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		載
Old
Chinese 		/*zlɯːs/

Definitions[edit]

載

  1. to ride; to travel (by); to take
  2. to carry; to hold; to be loaded with
    載人航天 / 载人航天  ―  zàirénhángtiān  ―  human spaceflight
  3. to bear (the weight of); to support; to hold up
  4. to be charged with
  5. to put into force; to come into effect
  6. to set out; to display
  7. to be in a certain condition
  8. to offer sacrifices to gods or ancestors
  9. to begin; to start
  10. to decorate; to deck out
  11. (in the form of 載…載…) Lists two simultaneous actions.
  12. as well as; also
  13. to be full of; to fill (the road); to be all over
  14. (colloquial) Short for 下載 (“to download”).
    先去載個軟件。 / 先去载个软件。  ―  Xiān qù zǎi ge ruǎnjiàn.  ―  Download the software first.
  15. vehicle; car; ship
  16. things loaded; loads
  17. affair; cause; undertaking
  18. Classifier for amount loaded by one chariot.
  19. (Min Dong) would rather; rather

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 載

Pronunciation 2[edit]

Rime
Character 載
Reading # 2/3
Initial (聲) 精 (13)
Final (韻) 咍 (41)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 作代切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡sʌiH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡səiH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡sɒiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/t͡səjH/
Li
Rong 		/t͡sᴀiH/
Wang
Li 		/t͡sɒiH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/t͡sɑ̆iH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zài
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 載 載
Reading # 3/4 4/4
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zài zài
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsojH › ‹ tsojH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[ts]ˁə[ʔ]-s/ /*[ts]ˁəʔ-s/
English record (v.) be conveyed in a vehicle

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 載
Reading # 2/3
No. 16493
Phonetic
component 		𢦏
Rime
group 		之
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		載
Old
Chinese 		/*ʔslɯːs/

Definitions[edit]

載

  1. to record; to put down in writing (i.e. “to be conveyed”)
  2. to describe; to depict

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 載

Pronunciation 3[edit]

Rime
Character 載
Reading # 1/3
Initial (聲) 精 (13)
Final (韻) 咍 (41)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 作亥切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡sʌiX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡səiX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡sɒiX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/t͡səjX/
Li
Rong 		/t͡sᴀiX/
Wang
Li 		/t͡sɒiX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/t͡sɑ̆iX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zǎi
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 載
Reading # 1/4
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zǎi
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsojX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[ts]ˁəʔ/
English year

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 載
Reading # 1/3
No. 16492
Phonetic
component 		𢦏
Rime
group 		之
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		宰
Old
Chinese 		/*ʔslɯːʔ/

Definitions[edit]

載

  1. Classifier for years.
  2. (numeral) hundred tredecillion (1044)

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 載

See also[edit]

Chinese numerals
104 108 1012 1016 1020 1024 1028 1032 1036 1040 1044 1048
萬／万 (wàn) 億／亿 (yì) 兆 (zhào) (Taiwan) 京 (jīng) (Taiwan) 垓 (gāi) 秭 (zǐ) 穰 (ráng) 溝／沟 (gōu) 澗／涧 (jiàn) 正 (zhèng) 載／载 (zài) 極／极 (jí)
萬億／万亿 (wànyì)
(Mainland China) 		億億/亿亿
(Mainland China)

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

載

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Number[edit]

載(さい) • (sai) 

  1. a hundred-tredecillion (1044)

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

載 • (jae) (hangeul 재, revised jae, McCune–Reischauer chae, Yale cay)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

載 (tải)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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